• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.1-17
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• 2015

In domestic game market, the video game market is getting smaller and also decreasing funds and high level developers. So we need the software that can help us to make more realistic and high quality contents by non-expert developer in poor environments. In this paper, we selected global studio's animations which were scored good evaluation by public and critics as a well-made emotional expression that can convey the emotion properly. We selected movements that express emotions from the animation scripts by using Ekman's 6 basic emotions and Greimas' dynamic predicate, and then we had analyzed and categorized with the data. We also analyzed the movements for which data we needed to create specific movements to express emotions by using 'Animation Layer' that used in Unity's blending process. And suggest concept of the program that to create the emotional expression movements by using those analyzed data.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.48-54
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• 2008

MMORPGs may involve a great number of concurrent players, and those servers usually have to manage hundred, or even thousands of avatars co-existing in the same virtual world. So if failing to send a command or an event message, or sending it too late may cause damages to the avatar evolution(death, injury, loss of resources), and may result in unjustified penalties for the player. Many policies could be defined to realize a ranking evaluation of available servers. Unfortunately, due to the highly dynamic characteristics of server loads and network performances, any optimal allocation would soon become sub-optimal. In order to solve those problems we propose the "time-interval based fairness partitioning method"(TIP). TIP will distribute the avatar to the game server equally with time-interval in order to avoid the problems form the unfairness of game servers load.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.550-572
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• 2009

This paper investigates the textile negotiations between Korea and the U.S. which Korea, as a weaker party in the bilateral trade negotiation, was recognized as making a good performance by Odell(1985). Using the documents of Korean governments at the time - Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Commerce and Industry - telegrams and reports from various sources the paper picks a leveling factor during the negotiations. In the paper, we used a dynamic concept of power for describing the negotiating power, and showed Korea succeeded in making the negotiation symmetric using the Special Cooperative Relationship(SCR) as one of the most conspicuous leveling factors during the textile negotiations with the U.S. The paper contributes to finding the factors that can be used in the negotiations with power asymmetry as a leveling factor for weaker country. Also, based on the findings from the paper, future negotiators can get insights on which factors be used, and how to use those factors for leveling the negotiations with a stronger counterpart.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.199-204
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• 2023

Production technologies in the imaging sector are innovating continuously and due to the visual experiences of powerful screen effects using 3D technologies, the public is now pursuing higher quality and more realistic visual effects. 3D production software with greater performance to realize this are now flooding the market, but artificial manual work and traditional hand-painting HDRI production methods still exist. There are few studies on new methods using HDRI production software using the computer's high performance data operations. In order to improve HDRI pipelines, this study links the two technological points of 'Nuke' and 'Photoshop' and it reduced production time and the improvements of quality were verified by using pipelines with new convergence methods.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.213-220
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• 2023

This paper presents a model simulating the folding process and collision dynamics of "ddakji", a traditional Korean game played using paper tiles (which are also referred to as ddakji). The model uses two A4 sheets as the base materials for ddakji. The folding process involves a series of boundary conditions that transform the wing part of the paper structure into a twisted configuration. A rigid plate boundary condition is also adopted for squeezing, establishing the shape and stress state of the game-ready ddakji through dynamic relaxation analysis. The gaming process analysis involves a forced displacement of the striking ddakji to a predetermined collision position. Collision analysis then follows at a given speed, with the objective of overturning the struck ddakji--a winning condition. A genetic algorithm-based optimization analysis identifies the optimal collision conditions that result in the overturning of the struck ddakji. For efficiency, the collision analysis is divided into two stages, with the second stage carried out only if the first stage predicts a possible overturn. The fitness function for the genetic algorithm during the first stage is the direction cosine of the struck ddakji, whereas in the second stage, it is the inverse of the speed, thus targeting the lowest overall collision speed. Consequently, this analysis provides optimal collision conditions for various compression thicknesses.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.255-276
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• 2016

This paper is designed to investigate the dynamic structure of optimal tariff imposed by the oil importing country from OPEC when OPEC increases the oil reserves through exploration and development. For this purpose, we used a Stckelberg differential game modeling approach, and tried to analyze two cases such that the one is the extraction cost is dependent on the oil reserves and the other is the extraction cost is independent of it. On the basis of this analysis, we propose that the importing contry has to impose dynamically inconsistent tariffs if the extraction cost is dependent on the oil reserves. Otherwise, she should impose dynamically consistent tariffs announced at initial time. In addition, we found that whether or not the exporting country uses some portion of oil produced for domestic consumption does not affect our policy proposition stated above.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Next Generation Computing
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.66-74
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• 2018

Recently, there has been active studies on hand gesture recognition to increase immersion and provide user-friendly interaction in a virtual reality environment. However, most studies require specialized sensors or equipment, or show low recognition rates. This paper proposes a hand gesture recognition method using Deep Learning technology without separate sensors or equipment other than camera to recognize static and dynamic hand gestures. First, a series of hand gesture input images are converted into high-frequency images, then each of the hand gestures RGB images and their high-frequency images is learned through the DenseNet three-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network. Experimental results on 6 static hand gestures and 9 dynamic hand gestures showed an average of 92.6% recognition rate and increased 4.6% compared to previous DenseNet. The 3D defense game was implemented to verify the results of our study, and an average speed of 30 ms of gesture recognition was found to be available as a real-time user interface for virtual reality applications.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.207-215
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• 2022

The latest volumetric technology's high geometrical accuracy and realism ensure a high degree of correspondence between the real object and the captured 3D model. Nevertheless, since the 3D model obtained in this way constitutes a sequence as a completely independent 3D model between frames, the consistency of the model surface structure (geometry) is not guaranteed for every frame, and the density of vertices is very high. It can be seen that the interconnection node (Edge) becomes very complicated. 3D models created using this technology are inherently different from models created in movie or video game production pipelines and are not suitable for direct use in applications such as real-time rendering, animation and simulation, and compression. In contrast, our method achieves consistency in the quality of the volumetric 3D model sequence by linking re-meshing, which ensures high consistency of the 3D model surface structure between frames and the gradual deformation and texture transfer through correspondence and matching of non-rigid surfaces. And It maintains the consistency of volumetric 3D model sequence quality and provides post-processing automation.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.55-61
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• 2022

With the rapid development of information technology, Metaverse and Non-Fungible Token (hereinafter referred to as NFT) technology will not only create new supply and demand markets for digital art creators, but also for existing art writers. As interest in and trading of virtual assets and coins increases, so does the demand for digital art trading in the NFT market. This study examines the theoretical content of NFTs, blockchains, and Metaverse, and analyzes various expressions of NFT art that are currently popular. As the case study, 100 projects were selected and analyzed in the overall OpenSea ranking, which included 2D graphics, 3D graphics and motion graphics works. Then, from the perspective of creators, the graphic styles of NFT digital art are divided into 4 types: 2D graphics, 3D graphics, 2D dynamic graphics, 3D dynamic graphics, and analyzed and studied. It is hoped that in the future, this study can suggest the direction of creating graphic styles to digital art NFT creators.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.460-465
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• 2004

In this paper, we present some properties on receding horizon $H_{\infty}$ control for nonlinear discrete-time systems. First, we propose the nonlinear inequality condition on the terminal cost for nonlinear discrete-time systems. Under this condition, noninceasing monotonicity of the saddle point value of the finite horizon dynamic game is shown to be guaranteed. We show that the derived condition on the terminal cost ensures the closed-loop internal stability. The proposed receding horizon $H_{\infty}$ control guarantees the infinite horizon $H_{\infty}$ norm bound of the closed-loop systems. Also, using this cost monotonicity condition, we can guarantee the asymptotic infinite horizon optimality of the receding horizon value function. With the additional condition, the global result and the input-to-state stable property of the receding horizon value function are also given. Finally, we derive the stability margin for the saddle point value based receding horizon controller. The proposed result has a larger stability region than the existing inverse optimality based results.