• Therapeutic Science for Rehabilitation
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.23-32
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• 2016

Objective : To investigate the current international researches which identify the effect of stroke with hemiplegia after dual-task training Methods : We systematically examined journals published from 2007 to 2015, searching PubMed. Total 5 researches were selected for the analyses. Results : Selected studies were all in international journal and they used two group experimental design. In addition, all the paper got PEDro scores above 6. They conducted gait task for motor task, at the same time used various domain of cognitive task such as from sustain attention to working memory. The outcome measure tools used for evaluation by the standardized assessment tool and operational definition, further also included the assessment tool designed for the dual-task training such as a variety of tools make possible to assess various aspects of effect. Discussion : Dual-task training in this study was found to give a positive effect on the dual-task performance, as well as improving the motor and cognitive function in patients with stroke. However there were also limitation to the studies conducted so far. In order to apply the occupational therapy, this results can consider as the preliminary data which suggest supplement point and can be a evidence for effective treatment for stroke with hemiplegia.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.101-111
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• 2023

This study conducted systematic review and meta-analysis to analyze the effectiveness of a dual-task for cognitive function in patients with MCI in Korea. A search was conducted using eight databases, and the search terms were MCI, cognition, and dual task. This study includes RCT and nonRCT published from January 2013 to July 2023. A total of 682 studies were searched, and 8 studies that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were finally analyzed. Methodological quality was assessed with the RoB, RoBANS. The meta-analysis used CMA 4.0 ver. As a result of the analysis, the overall effect size of the dual task was medium effect size. The effect size according to the outcome variables was large for orientation and executive function, and medium effect size for global cognitive function, visuospatial function, memory, and attention. As a result of analysis according to the intervention period, the effect was greater when applied for 4 to 8 weeks, and the effect size was larger when applied for 24 to 30 sessions. This study presented clinical evidence on the effectiveness and application method of a dual-task applied to improve cognitive function in patients with MCI.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.950-956
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• 1986

In this paper, a direct addressing mode of a microprocessor is introduced to save memory capacity, and also a dedicated digital filter is constructed to speed up the filter processing and to enable an easy selection of the impulse response types. A theoretical analysis has been conducted on the errors caused by the finite word klength, rounding-off and multiplication procedures. The digital filter designed by the proposed method is made into a module which can function as a 7th-order recursive or a 14-order nonrecursive type with a simples witch operation. The proposed filter is implemented on a printed-circuit board. The frequency characteristics of this filter can be controlled by the multiplication values stored in ROMs. A low-pass, a high-pass and a band-pass filter have been designed and their frequency characteristics are verified by actual measurements. For a order higher filer, two filter modules have been cascaded into an integrated filter of 23rd-order non-recursive low-pass type and a 12th-order recursive multiband type. Their frequency characteirstics have been found to agree with the theory.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.322-326
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• 1999

In this study, cold-rolling and appropriate annealing was adopted for the grain refining of Cu-26.65Zn-4. 05Al-0.31Ti(wt%) shape memory alloy. For the cold deformation of this alloy the ducti1e $\alpha$-phase must be contained. After heat treatment at $550^{\circ}C$ the $(\alpha+$\beta)$-dual phase with 40vol.% $\alpha$-phase was obtained which could be rolled at room temperature. This alloy was cold rolled into a final thickness of 1.0mm with total reduction degrees of 70% and 90%. The rolled sheets were betanized at $800^{\circ}C$ for various times, then quenched into ice water. The grain size of co]d rolled samples were $60~80\mu\textrm{m}$ which is much smaller comparing with the hot-rolled samples. And the 90% rolled sample showed smaller grain size than the case of the 70% rolled one. The small grain size had influence on the phase transformation temperatures and stabilization of the austenitic phases.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.72-81
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• 2002

A new high-performance DSP architecture is proposed, which behaves as a coprocessor of a 32bit microcontroller. Because the proposed DSP architecture is a dual MAC(Multiply and Accumulate) DSP architecture, it can process efficiently a number of SOP(sum of product) operations used in many DSP applications. In order to efficiently perform other operations such as pure additions without any restriction, a MAC is composed of a multiplier and a ALU placed in parallel. In addition, it is a 3-way superscalar architecture, which can issue 3 instructions at a time. The benchmark results with 3 thor dual MAC DSPs show that the proposed DSP has the best performance. Futhermore, it is proven that the proposed DSP is more efficient in memory usage, although the performance is comparable in some algorithms such as Viterbi decoding and FFT butterfly.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.177-184
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• 2014

In chemical vapor deposition(CVD) tungsten silicide(WSix) dual poly gate(DPG) scheme, we observed the fluorine effects on gate oxide using the electrical and physical measurements. It is found that in fluorine-rich WSix NMOS transistors, the gate thickness decreases as gate length is reduced, and it intensifies the roll-off properties of transistor. This is because the fluorine diffuses laterally from WSix to the gate sidewall oxide in addition to its vertical diffusion to the gate oxide during gate re-oxidation process. When the channel length is very small, the gate oxide thickness is further reduced due to a relative increase of the lateral diffusion than the vertical diffusion. In PMOS transistors, it is observed that boron of background dopoing in $p^+$ poly retards fluorine diffusion into the gate oxide. Thus, it is suppressed the fluorine effects on gate oxide thickness with the channel length dependency.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.29 no.10
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• pp.573-581
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• 2002

In this paper, we propose a mediaprocessor of dual-cache architecture which is composed of the multimedia data cache and the general-purpose data cache to prevent performance degradation caused by memory delay. In the proposed processor architecture, multimedia data that are written in subword instructions are loaded in the multimedia data cache and the remaining data are loaded in the general-purpose data cache. Also, Ive use multi-block prefetching scheme that fetches two consecutive data blocks into a cache at a time to exploit the locality of multimedia data. Experimental results on MPEG and JPEG benchmark programs show that the proposed processor architecture results in better performance than the processor equipped with single data cache.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.133-171
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• 2013

The gist of a scene can be identified in less than 100msec, and violation in the gist can influence the way to allocate attention to the parts of a scene. In other words, people tend to allocate more attention to the object(s) inconsistent with the gist of a scene and to have better memory of them. To investigate the effects of contextual consistency on the attention allocation and object memory, two experiments were conducted. In both experiments, a $3{\times}2$ factorial design was used with scene presentation time(2s, 5s, and 10s) as a between-subject factor and object-background contextual consistency(consistent, inconsistent) as a within-subject factor. In Experiment 1, eye movements were recorded while the participants viewed line-drawing scenes. The results showed that the eye movement patterns were different according to whether the scenes were consistent or not. Context-inconsistent objects showed faster initial fixation indices, longer fixation times, more frequent returns than context-consistent ones. These results are entirely consistent with those of previous studies. If an object is identified as inconsistent with the gist of a scene, it attracts attention. Furthermore, the inconsistent objects and their locations in the scenes were recalled better than the consistent ones and their locations. Experiment 2 was the same as Experiment 1 except that a dual-task paradigm was used to reduce the amount of attention to allocate to the objects. Participants had to detect the positions of the probe occurring every second while they viewed the scenes. Nonetheless, the result patterns were the same as in Experiment 1. Even when the amount of attention to allocate to the scene contents was reduced, the same effects of contextual inconsistency were observed. These results indicate that the object-background contextual consistency has a strong influence on the way of allocating attention and the memory of objects in a scene.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.155-174
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• 2005

Oh and Kim (2004) and Woodman and Lurk (2004) demonstrated that spatial working memory (SWM) load Interfered concurrent visual search and that search process also impaired the maintenance of spatial information implying that visual search and SWM task both require access to the same limited-capacity mechanism. Two obvious possibilities have been suggested about what this shared limited-capacity mechanism is: common demand for attention to the locations where the items f9r the two tasks were presented (spatial attention load hypothesis), and common use of working memory to maintain a record of locations have been processed(SWM load hypothesis). To test these two hypothetical explanations, Experiment 1 replicated the mutual interference between visual search and SWM task in spite of difference of procedure with preceding researches; possible areas where the items for two tasks were presented were not separated. In Experiment 2, we presented the items for visual search either in the same quadrants where the items for SWM task had appeared (same-location rendition) or in the different quadrants (different-location condition). As a result, search efficiency was more impaired in the different-location condition than in the same-location condition. The memory accuracy was worse in the different-location rendition than in the same-location rendition. Overall results of study indicate that the mutual interference between SWM and visual search might be related to the overload of spatial attention, but not to that of SWM.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.08a
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• pp.99-99
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• 2012

본 개발에서는 초고속복합분자펌프 구동을 위한 디지털 구동장치를 설계하였다. BLDC구동을 위한 디지털 제어 시스템의 핵심제어 보드 설계 및 모듈 설계를 하여 보드제작 및 기본성능평가를 하고 고속 회전 실험을 하였다. AMB제어기는 넓은 제어대역폭을 확보하기 위하여 FPGA 1개와 마이크로 콘트롤러 2개를 사용하여 구성하였으며 FPGA로 AMB구동을 위한 PWM기능과 CPU 2개의 원활한 Data 통신을 위하여 Dual Memory을 구현하였으며 PWM의 디지털노이즈 회피를 위하여 AMB구동용 PWM과 동기화하여 Gap Sensor 및 전류센서신호 샘플링할 수 있도록 ADC를 구동 및 샘플링한다. 그리고 Gap Sensor 구동 회로와 제어기회로를 하나의 보드로 구연하였다.