• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.702-713
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• 2018

Power loss reduction and total harmonic distortion(THD) minimization are two important goals of improving three-level inverters. In this paper, an optimized pulse width modulation (PWM) strategy that can reduce switching losses and balance the neutral point with an optional THD of three-level neutral-point-clamped inverters is proposed. An analysis of the two-level discontinuous PWM (DPWM) strategy indicates that the optimal goal of the proposed PWM strategy is to reduce switching losses to a minimum without increasing the THD compared to that of traditional SVPWMs. Thus, the analysis of the two-level DPWM strategy is introduced. Through the rational allocation of the zero vector, only two-phase switching devices are active in each sector, and their switching losses can be reduced by one-third compared with those of traditional PWM strategies. A detailed analysis of the impact of small vectors, which correspond to different zero vectors, on the neutral-point potential is conducted, and a hysteresis control method is proposed to balance the neutral point. This method is simple, does not judge the direction of midpoint currents, and can adjust the switching times of devices and the fluctuation of the neutral-point potential by changing the hysteresis loop width. Simulation and experimental results prove the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed strategy.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.394-399
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 소프트 스위칭에 의한 새로운 고효율의 벅-부스트 DC-DC 컨버터에 대해 연구된다. 제안된 벅-부스트 컨버터는 기존의 벅-부스트 DC-DC 컨버터에서 문제가 되는 제어용 스위치의 스위칭 손실증대를 해결하기 위해 새로운 소프트 스위칭 기법이 적용된다. 소프트 스위칭 회로는 구조적으로 기존의 컨버터에 사용되는 벅-부스트용 인덕터와 스너버 회로를 변형 설계한 구조로써 회로구성이 간단하다. 제안된 컨버터에 사용된 제어스위치들은 부분공진의 동작에 의해 소프트 스위칭을 이룬다. 또한 컨버터의 출력전압은 제어스위치의 PWM 제어에 의해 조정되고 벅-부스트용 인덕터에 흐르는 전류는 불연속모드로 제어되어 제어회로와 제어기법이 간단한 장점이 주어진다. 제안된 벅-부스트 컨버터는 기존의 벅-부스트 컨버터와 비교되어 해석되고 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션과 실험을 통해 그 해석적 타당성이 입증된다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
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• 제48권8호
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• pp.448-454
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• 1999

This paper describes a new dc-ac inverter system which for achieving sinusoidal ac waveform makes use of parallel loaded high frequency resonant inverter consisting of full bridge. Each one of the pair of switches in the inverter is driven to synchronous output frequency and the other is driven to PWM signal with resonant frequency proportional to magnitude of sine wave. A forced discontinuous conduction mode is used to realize the quasi-sinusoidal pulse in each switching period. Therefore the inverter generates sinusoidal modulated output voltage including carrier frequency that is resonant frequency. Carrier frequency components of modulated output voltage is filtered by low pass filter. Since current through switches is always zero at its turn-on in the proposed inverter, low stress and low switching loss is achieved. Operating characteristics of the proposed system is analyzed in per unit system using computer simulation. The output voltage of if includes low harmonics and it is almost close to sine wave. Also, the theoretical analysis is proved through the experimental test.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.112-123
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• 2002

This paper presents a novel prototype of the utility AC power interfaced soft-switching sinewave pulse modulated inverter using the high-frequency flyback for the small scale distributed renewable energy power conditioner. The proposed cricuit with a high-frequency isolation link has a funtion of electrical isolation, which is more cost-effective and reliable for the small-scale distributed renwal energy utilization system from a safety point of riew. The discontinuous conduction mode(DCM) operation of the high-frequency flyback transformer is adopted to establish a simple and low-cost circuit configuration and control scheme. For the simplicity, the circuit operating principle is described on the basis of the modified conventional full bridge inverter, whitch is the typical conventional high-frequency full-bridge inverter employing the high requency flyback transformer to eanble the effictive function of the electrical isolation. Than, the new circuit topology of the unility-interfaced soft-switching sinewave pulse modulated inverter using IGBTs is proposed. The proposed cricuit topology is additionally composed of the auxiliary power regenerating snubber cricuits, which are also mathematically analyzed for the parameter desigen settings. Finally, the performance of the propose inverter is evaluated on the basis of computer-aid simulation. It is noted that the sinewave pulse modulated output current of the inverter is synchronous to the AC main voltage.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.1336-1346
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• 2018

Wide band gap semiconductor devices such as SiC MOSFETs are becoming the preferred devices for high frequency and high power density converters due to their excellent performances. However, the proportion of the switching loss that accounts for the whole inverter loss is growing along with an increase of the switching frequency. In view of the third quadrant working characteristics of a SiC MOSFET, synchronous rectification discontinuous pulse-width modulation is proposed (SRDPWM) to further reduce system losses. The SRDPWM has been analyzed in detail. Based on a frequency domain mathematical model, a quantitative mathematical analysis of the harmonic characteristic is conducted by double Fourier transform. Meanwhile, a switching loss model and a conduction loss model of inverter for SRDPWM have been built. Simulation and experimental results verify the result of the harmonic analysis of the double Fourier analysis and the accuracy of the loss models. The efficiencies of the SRDPWM and the SVPWM are compared. The result indicates that the SRDPWM has fewer losses and a higher efficiency than the SVPWM under high switching frequency and light load conditions as a result of the reduced number of switching transitions. In addition, the SRDPWM is more suitable for SiC MOSFET converters.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.1535-1544
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• 2017

Advances in FPGA technology have enabled fast real-time simulation of power converters, filters and loads. FPGA based HIL (Hardware-In-the-Loop) simulators have revolutionized control hardware and software development for power electronics. Common time step sizes in the order of 100ns are sufficient for simulating switching frequency current and voltage ripples. In order to keep the time step as small as possible, ideal switching function models are often used to simulate the phase legs. This often produces inferior results when simulating the discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) and disabled operational states. Therefore, the corresponding measurement and protection units cannot be tested properly. This paper describes a new solution for this problem utilizing a discrete-time PI controller. The PI controller simulates the proper DC and low frequency AC components of the phase leg voltage during disabled operation. It also retains the advantage of fast real-time execution of switch-based models when an accurate simulation of high frequency junction capacitor oscillations is not necessary.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 휴대용 기기를 위한 고효율 삼중 모드 부스트 변환기를 나타낸다. 제안하는 부스트 변환기는 펄스폭변조 방식를 사용하며 부하 전류에 따라 펄스 스키핑 모드 (Pulse Skipping Mode, PSM), 불연속 전류 모드(Discontinuous Conduction Mode, DCM) 및 연속 전류 모드 (Continuous Conduction Mode, CCM)의 세 가지 동작 모드를 갖는 것을 특징으로 한다. 또한, 전류 불연속 모드에서 역 전류 흐름 및 인덕터의 공진에 의한 발진 현상을 효과적으로 방지하기 위해 발진 억제기 (Ringing suppressor)를 적용하여 효율을 극대화 시켰다. 제안하는 부스트 변환기는 동부 $0.18{\mu}m$ BCD 공정을 사용하여 구현되었다. 단일 셀 리튬-이온 배터리로부터 2.5V-4.2V의 가변 입력전압을 받아서 4.8V의 고정 전압을 출력하며 최대 300mA의 부하전류를 공급할 수 있다. 이 때 최대 리플 전압은 3.1mV이며, 연속 전류 모드에서 92%, 불연속 전류 모드에서 87% 이상의 높은 효율을 나타낸다. 또한, 펄스 스키핑 모드를 통해 적은 부하전류 조건하에서도 60% 이상의 효율을 가지며 모드 변경 구간에서의 효율 감소가 최소화되는 것을 특징으로 한다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.232-242
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• 2013

To obtain phase currents information in AC drives, shunt sensing technology is known to show great performance in cost-effectiveness and therefore it is widely used in low cost applications. However, shunt sensing methods are unable to acquire phase currents in certain operation conditions. This paper deals with the derivation of the boundary conditions for phase current reconstruction in three-shunt sensing inverters and proposes a voltage injection method to expand the measurable areas. As the boundary conditions are deeply dependent on the switching patterns, they are typically analyzed on the voltage vector plane for space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) and discontinuous pulse width modulation (DPWM). In the proposed method, the voltage injection and its compensation are conducted within one sampling period. This guarantees fast current reconstruction and the injected voltage is decided so as to minimize the current ripple. In addition to the voltage injection method, a sampling point shifting method is also introduced to improve the boundary conditions. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the boundary condition derivation and the effectiveness of the proposed voltage injection method.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 학술대회 논문집 전문대학교육위원
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• pp.154-158
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• 2006

The switching-mode power converter has been widely used because of its features of high efficiency and small weight and size. These features are brought by the ON-OFF operation of semiconductor switching devices. However, this switching operation causes the surge and EMI(Electromagnetic Interference) which deteriorate the reliability of the converter themselves and entire electronic systems. This problem on the surge and noise is one of the most serious difficulties in AC-to-DC converter. Random Pulse Width Modulation (RPWM) is peformed by adding a random perturbation to switching instant while output-voltage regulation of converter is performed. RPWM method for reducing conducted EMI in single switch three phase discontinuous conduction mode boost converter is presented. The more white noise is injected, the more conducted EMI is reduced. But output-voltage is not sufficiently regulated. This is the reason why carrier frequency selection topology is proposed. In the case of carrier frequency selection, output-voltage of steady state and transient state is fully regulated. A RPWM control method was proposed in order to smooth the switching noise spectrum and reduce it's level. Experimental results are verified by converter operating at 300v/1kW with $5%{\sim}30%$ white noise input. Spectrum analysis is performed on the Phase current and the CM noise voltage. The former is measured with Current Probe and the latter is achieved with LISN, which are connected to the spectrum analyzer respectively.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.319-325
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• 2020

본 논문에서 모바일 기기에 적용하는 DCM DC-DC 벅 변환기를 설계하였다. 이 변환기는 안정된 동작을 위한 보상기, PWM 로직과 파워 스위치로 구성되어 있다. 작은 하드웨어 폼-팩터를 얻기 위하여 칩 외부에서 사용하는 소자의 갯수를 최소화하여야 하며 이는 효율적인 주파수 보상과 디지털 스타트-업 회로로 구현하였다. 매우 작은 부하 전류에서 효율의 감소를 막기 위하여 버스트-모드 동작도 구현하였다. DCM 벅 변환기는 0.18um BCDMOS 공정으로 제작되었다. 2.8~5V의 입력 전압 범위에 대하여 출력 전압 값은 외부 저항 소자를 사용하여 1.8V로 프로그램 되었다. 1MHz의 스위칭 주파수 및 100mA의 부하 전류에서 측정된 최대 효율은 92.6%이다.