• 약학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.430-439
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• 1994

S-Adenosyl-L-methionine synthetase (ATP: methionine S-Adenosyltransferase, EC 2.5.1.6; AdoMet synthetase) catalyzes the biosynthesis of S-Adenosyl-L-methionine(AdoMet) from methionine in the presence of ATP. To elucidate the role of transmethylation reaction in the pancreatic tissues, we examined AdoMet synthetase and isozyme activities, and AdoMet contents in the various tissues. The activities of AdoMet synthetase marked the highest in the kidney, and the lowest in the testis among the various tissues of rat. Considerable amounts of AdoMet synthetase activities were detected in the pancreatic tissues of various animals except for those of frog. The level of ${\alpha}$ and ${\gamma}$ isozyme activities were present in the pancreatic tissues of various animals, while ${\beta}$ isozyme activities were detected as trace. AdoMet synthetase activities of rat brain, liver, testis were decreased with growth. In the rat pancreatic tissues, AdoMet synthetase activities were increased during 16 days after birth and then decreased between 16 and 47 days of age. Levels of AdoMet contents of rat brain and testis were decreased with growth. However, AdoMet contents of rat pancreas were decreased until 26 days of age, and then increased thereafter. AdoMet synthetase isozyme patterns did not vary with growth in the pancreas and testis. But, in the liver, ${\beta}$ form is strikingly increased with growth.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제30권11호
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• pp.1340-1344
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• 2001

뇌로 전이한 악성 섬유성 조직구종 1례를 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하고자 한다. 환자는 62세 남자로 다발성 전이성 뇌종양 의증하에 개두술 및 종양 제거술을 시행받았다. 술전 검사상 두개강외 원발 부위를 의심할만한 병변은 발견하지 못하였다. 수술과 전뇌 방사선 치료후 6개월째에 성장하는 우측 견부 종양이 발견되어 적출술을 시행하였다. 뇌와 견부 조직 표본에서 악성 섬유성 조직 세포종에 부합되는 일치된 병리 소견을 보였으나 GFAP-양성 세포들은 뇌병변의 조직 표본에서만 발견되었다. 이후에 발생한 척추 등의 골격계 전이성 병변에 대하여서는 고식적 방사선 치료를 행하였다. 최초 진단 후 12개월째 우측 견부 종양이 재발하여 항암 화학 치료 중이다. 이 증례에서 특이한 점은 원발 부위 발견전 전이성 뇌종양이 진단된 것인데, 악성 섬유성 조직구종으로부터 뇌로 전이한 경우가 드물거니와 특히 원발부위가 확인되기 전에 뇌로 전이한 병변이 먼저 발견된 경우는 보고된 바가 없다. 또 하나의 중요한 소견은 GFAP 발현이 뇌병변에서만 나타나며 원발부위인 견부 종양에서는 관찰되지 않은 점이다. 원발성 두개강내 악성 섬유성 조직구종에서 GFAP-양성 세포의 존재는 중요한 조직학적 특성의 하나로 알려져 있으나, 본 증례의 소견은 원발성 두개강내 악성 섬유성 조직구종에 존재하는 GFAP-양성 세포들도 악성 섬유성 조직구종에 의해 이차적으로 생성된 비종양성 성상 세포들이라는 가설을 뒷받침하고 있다.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.209-215
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• 2005

Recently, a large number of clinical experiments have shown that exposure of organic pollutants lead to various cancers through the abnormal cell growth. Environmental pollutants, such as 2, 3, 7, 8-Tetrachloro dibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), are carcinogen and are known to cause the cognitive disability and motor dysfunction in the developing of brain. The effects of these pollutants on neurodevelopmental disorder is well established, but the underlying mechanism(s) and similarity of gene expression profiles in human brain tumors with organic pollutants still remain unclear. In this study, we first examined the gene expression profiles in glioblastomas compared with meningioma that are kinds of primary human brain tumor by using human cDNA microarray. The results of cDNA microarray analysis revealed that 26 genes were upregulated (Z-ratio>2.0) and 14 genes were downregulated (Z-ratio<-2.0) in glioblastoma compared with meningioma. From the altered gene patterns, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling related genes, such as MAP2K3, MAP3K11 and jun activated domain binding protein, and transcription factors, such as UTF2 and TF12, were upregulated in glioblastoma. Also, we tried to investigate the relation between important genes up- and down-regulated in giloblastoma and various organic pollutants. Therefore, the identification of changes in the patterns of gene expression may provide a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in human primary brain tumors and of the relation between gene expression profiles and organic pollutants in brain tissue.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.215-222
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• 2017

본 연구는 뇌교육 기반 진로캠프 프로그램을 개발하고 적용함으로써 두뇌 특성을 파악하여 아동 및 청소년의 흥미 및 적성을 제대로 이해하는 것은 물론, 진로성숙도를 함양하는데 그 연구의 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 초등학생 59명, 중학생 76명 등 135명을 대상으로 2016년 6월 4일부터 5일까지 1박 2일 동안 뇌교육 기반 진로캠프 프로그램을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 결론을 제시하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 뇌교육 기반 진로캠프 프로그램은 단순한 진로 탐색 및 체험 위주의 프로그램이 아니라, 진로성숙도와 같이 직업의식을 함양하기 때문에, 아동 및 청소년의 건전한 직업관을 형성하는데 효과적이다. 둘째, 뇌교육 기반 진로캠프 프로그램을 통해서 아동 및 청소년 자신의 흥미 및 적성에 적합한 맞춤형 진로를 탐색하는 것은 물론, 진로역량을 개발할 수 있다. 본 연구에 대한 후속 연구에 대한 제언을 하면 다음과 같이 정리할 수 있다. 첫째, 본 연구에서 개발한 뇌교육 기반 진로캠프 프로그램은 초등학생과 중학생의 특성을 고려하지 않고 동일한 프로그램을 적용하였기 때문에, 학교급별 특성을 반영한 프로그램을 개발할 필요가 있다. 둘째, 뇌교육 기반 진로캠프 프로그램의 효과성을 검증하기 위해서 진로성숙도 외에 다양한 진로 관련 변인들을 종속변인으로 설정하여 계속적인 후속연구가 필요하다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.50-54
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• 2014

It is being tried to control robot arm using brain signal in the field of brain-machine interface (BMI). This study is focused on applying guidance laws for efficient robot arm control using 3D coordinates obtained from Magnetoencephalography (MEG) signal which represents movement of upper limb. The 3D coordinates obtained from brain signal is inappropriate to be used directly because of the spatial difference between human upper limb and robot arm's end-effector. The spatial difference makes the robot arm to be controlled from a third-person point of view with assist of visual feedback. To resolve this inconvenience, guidance laws which are frequently used for tactical ballistic missile are applied. It could be applied for the users to control robot arm from a first-person point of view which is expected to be more comfortable. The algorithm which enables robot arm to trace MEG signal is provided in this study. The algorithm is simulated and applied to 6-DOF robot arm for verification. The result was satisfactory and demonstrated a possibility in decreasing the training period and increasing the rate of success for certain tasks such as gripping object.

• 트랜스-
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• 제12권
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• pp.21-49
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• 2022

본 연구는 VR/AR 기술을 활용한 만성 뇌 질환 재활치료의 가능성을 고찰하고, 디지털 치료제 개발 연구의 필요성을 제기한 연구이다. 아울러 디지털 치료제 연구 개발 과정을 제안하여 VR/AR 재활치료가 그 잠재력을 발휘하고 효율적이고 효과적인 치료 방법으로 발전하는 데 이바지하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 VR/AR 기술 연구, 신경생리학적 연구, 만성 뇌 질환 환자 치료 연구의 동향을 규명하였으며, VR/AR 기술을 만성 뇌 질환 환자들의 치료에 활용하기 위한 과정 및 방법을 단계별로 구분하여 제안하였다. 첫 번째 단계는, 가상현실 기술을 활용한 뇌질환 환자 재활치료의 신경생리학적 근거를 마련하는 단계이고, 두 번째 단계는, 이러한 신경생리학적 근거를 바탕으로 VR/AR 기술을 활용한 치료 방법 및 그에 따른 콘텐츠의 특징을 체계화하는 단계이며, 세 번째 단계는, 이러한 특징을 고려한 치료 방법과 콘텐츠 활용이 환자에게 실제로 효과가 있음을 의학적으로 밝혀내는 단계이다. 본 연구의 제안을 바탕으로 진행되는 향후의 연구는 개인과 사회에 공헌하고 학계와 산업계의 여러 분야에 파급 효과를 끼칠 것으로 예상한다. 본 연구가 만성 뇌 질환 환자 치료용 미디어 제작 기반 기술 개발 및 디지털 치료제 개발 산업의 기반을 닦는 데 유용한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있기를 바란다.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.133-145
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• 2018

Breastfeeding is highly recommended due to its benefits for both the infant and mother; however, most mothers predominantly use formula feed. Breastfeeding affords protection against a wide variety of medical conditions that may emerge at different time points over the lifespan, including hospital admissions for respiratory infections and neonatal fever, offspring childhood obesity, and cancer as well as cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes. Moreover, breastfeeding is expected to decrease the risk of adolescent depression and other psychopathologies. It is also important for the development of the gut, gut-brain axis, and immune system, and night-time breast milk is likely to have higher antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune regulatory effects due to the impact of breast milk melatonin on the infant's developing microbiome and gut permeability. Melatonin can be added to a night-time-specific formula feed; however, it is not included in the Korean Food Additive Codex.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.107-111
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• 2013

Preterm infants are vulnerable to the oxidative stress due to the production of large amounts of free radicals, antioxidant system insufficiency, and immature oligodendroglial cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a pivotal role in the development of periventricular leukomalacia. The three most common ROS are superoxide ($O2^{\cdot-}$), hydroxyl radical ($OH^{\cdot}$), and hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O_2$). Under normal physiological conditions, a balance is maintained between the production of ROS and the capacity of the antioxidant enzyme system. However, if this balance breaks down, ROS can exert toxic effects. Superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase are considered the classical antioxidant enzymes. A recently discovered antioxidant enzyme family, peroxiredoxin (Prdx), is also an important scavenger of free radicals. Prdx1 expression is induced at birth, whereas Prdx2 is constitutively expressed, and Prdx6 expression is consistent with the classical antioxidant enzymes. Several antioxidant substances have been studied as potential therapeutic agents; however, further preclinical and clinical studies are required before allowing clinical application.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제69권5호
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• pp.381-384
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• 2010

Progressive ptosis and headache developed in a 50-year-old woman with non-small cell lung cancer. Although brain magnetic resonance imaging showed improved cerebellar metastasis after prior radiotherapy without any other abnormality, the follow-up examination taken 6 months later revealed metastasis to the cavernous sinus. The diagnosis of metastasis to the cavernous sinus is often difficult because it is a very rare manifestation of lung cancer, and symptoms can occur prior to developing a radiologically detectable lesion. Therefore, when a strong clinical suspicion of cavernous sinus metastasis exists, thorough neurologic examination and serial brain imaging should be followed up to avoid overlooking the lesion.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 2003년도 Annual Meeting of KSAP : International Symposium on Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences on Obesity
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• pp.87-87
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• 2003

Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, $^{+}NH_3CH_2CH_2{SO_3}^{-}$) is endogenous $\beta$-amino acid which is essential in fetal nutrition and development and is present in abundant quantities in several tissues of fetus. In utero, taurine deficiency causes abnormal development and abnormal function of brain, retina, kidney and myocardium. Thus, transfer of taurine into fetus is important during embryonic development. Taurine transporter (TauT) has 12 hydrophobic membrane -spanning domains, which is typical of the $Na^{+}$- and $Cl^{-}$-dependent transporter gene family. Among the various biosynthetic enzymes of taurine, cysteine sulfinic acid decarboxylase (CSD) is the rate-limiting enzyme for biosynthesis of taurine. However, the enzyme activities of taurine biosynthesis are limited in early stage of embryonic development. To analyze the expression period of TauT and CSD during embryonic development, we have investigated the gene expression of TauT and CSD using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in mouse and chicken embryos. RT-PCR anaylsis revealed that both TauT and CSD mRNAs were already expressed at Day-4.5 in mouse embryo. In chicken whole embryo, TauT and CSD mRNAs began to appear on developing times of 48 hrs and 12 hrs, respectively. TauT mRNA was detected in the organs of heart, brain and eye of the day-3 chicken embryo. Our data show that TauT and CSD mRNAs were expressed in early stage of embryonic development.