• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2014

This paper presents a study on nonlinear time varying systems based on differential geometry. A brief introduction about controllability and involutivity will be presented. As an example, the exact feedback linearization and the approximate feedback linearization are used in order to show some application examples.

• 한국식품과학회지
• /
• 제45권1호
• /
• pp.133-136
• /
• 2013

본 연구에서는 소시지와 야채 샐러드에서 Y. enterocolitica의 검출을 위해 배지법과 real-time PCR법을 비교하였다. 소시지와 야채 샐러드에 Y. enterocolitica를 접종하고 PSBB에서 증균배양 하였으며, CIN agar에서 선택배양하였다. 동시에 증균배양액에서 1 mL을 채취하여 real-time PCR을 실시하였다. 실험결과, real-time PCR은 소시지에서 배지검출법과 비교하여 동일한 검출력을 보였으나 야채 샐러드에서는 훨씬 더 많은 양성을 검출하였다(p<0.05). 결론적으로 real-time PCR은 식품 시료와 관계 없이 표준 검출법인 배지검출법과 비교하여 동등하거나 우수한 민감도를 지닌 신속검출기법인 것으로 사료되며, 배지검출법에 앞서 선별검사로 사용할 경우 시간, 비용, 노동력 절감에 있어서 매우 유효한 방법이 될 것으로 판단된다.

• KSBB Journal
• /
• 제29권5호
• /
• pp.361-371
• /
• 2014

Mycoplasma is well recognized as one of the most prevalent and serious microbial contaminants of biologic manufacturing processes. Conventional methods for mycoplasma testing, direct culture method and indirect indicator cell culture method, are lengthy, costly and less sensitive to noncultivable species. In this report, we describe a new TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR method for rapid and quantitative detection of mycoplasma contamination during manufacture of biologics. Universal mycoplasma primers were used for mycoplasma PCR and mycoplasma DNA was quantified by use of a specific TaqMan probe. Specificity, sensitivity, and robustness of the real-time PCR method was validated according to the European Pharmacopoeia. The validation results met required criteria to justify its use as a replacement for the culture method. The established real-time PCR assay was successfully applied to the detection of mycoplasma from human keratinocyte and mesenchymal stem cell as well as Vero cell lines artificially infected with mycoplasma. The overall results indicated that this rapid, specific, sensitive, and robust assay can be reliably used for quantitative detection of mycoplasma contamination during manufacture of biologics.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.85-93
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to assess gender differences in the quantity and quality of leisure time. It uses time diary for a nationally representative sample of Koreans(10 years old over) collected in 2004 by KNSO. This time use surveys provide information about a primary activity and a secondary activity (that is simultaneous activity accompanying the primary activity). The results was that married women experience less of leisure time and more contaminated leisure time by a secondary activity(especially household labor) than married men. This research presents that men and women have different quantity and quality of leisure time, and gender discrepancies persist in the experience of leisure time.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.104-112
• /
• 2013

Housing culture can be defined as a subculture that characterizes a society, a region, and a time period. Therefore, identifying the housing needs of people is an effective way of understanding the housing culture. The purpose of this study was to identify the research trend of housing culture since 1980s until the recent year based on the keywords of previous literature. Seventy-one research articles were analyzed using content analysis as a research method and analysis framework which was composed of 4 aspects - physical, social, psychological, and living/welfare - was drawn for further analysis. As a main result, housing needs in social and living/welfare aspect were increasing as time passes. In general, researches related to physical aspect showed the highest ratio among 4 aspects. Specifically, research interests in community and social relationship among neighbors, natural environment, and housing welfare has remarkably increased since 2000s. The findings of this study showed that the housing culture is the comprehensive result or the process reflecting the needs and context in political, social, and economical background of those days.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.430-436
• /
• 1992

수소 생성능이 있는 Clostridium butyricum과 이 균주의 대사산물을 이용하여 수소를 생성할 수 있는 광합성 세균의 혼합 배양에 의하여 수소 생성을 할 수 있는 양 균주의 혼합 배양 동력학적 연구를 수행하였다. 혐기성 Clostridia의 발효에서 생성되는 아세트산염과 부티르산염은 Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides에 의해 이용되어 수소를 생성하게 되었고, 이들 양 균주를 혼합 배양한 결과 수소 생성을 저해하는 아세트산염과 부티르산염의 배지내 농도는 점차 감소하였다. 이들 두 균주의 혼합 배양에서의 균체의 혼합 비율, 혼합시기, 접종량을 조사함으로써 단독 배양시와 비교하면서 최적 조건을 조사하였고, 혼합시 균체량의 비율 Clostridium 속 세균1부에 대하여 Rhodopseudomonas 속 세균 6부의 비율로 혼합할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 대한인간공학회지
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.77-86
• /
• 2014

Objective: The purpose of this study is to grasp the fundamental structure of incident occurrence in nuclear organizations based on system thinking, and analyze how various causes are interrelated in terms of the causal loop diagram. Background: The recent domestic and overseas nuclear power plant-related incidents and accidents are directly or indirectly associated with safety culture, and thus effective plans for the improvement of safety culture are being called for. While the safety of a nuclear power plant is highly dependent upon technology and equipment, the utilization, maintenance and inspection of the technology and equipment are conducted by workers of the nuclear power plant. Method: Methodology of system thinking perspective using causal loop analysis. Results: As a result of the analysis, first, it turned out that the fundamental cause of incident occurrence in nuclear organizations is time constraint. Second, if a workload of workers increases, their adherence to regulations and procedures comes to be reduced due to time constraint. Third, it is needed, through organizational learning education, to increase actions made from thoughts considering safety as the utmost priority in advance. Fourth, it is necessary to improve professionalism by enhancing educational programs for new workers, and to develop various scenarios with which they can cope with certain situations. Application: This paper provides a base for system dynamics simulation model for future study.

• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.27-37
• /
• 2008

The main objective of this study was to examine the effects of family-friendly culture in various organizations in the private sectors on employee self-reported work-family balance and qualities of lives. It also attempted to clarify whether employee perceived work-family culture would vary according to size and type of organization, gender, and dual career partnership. The data came from 365 married full-time workers employed in a wide variety of organizations located in Seoul and GyeongGi-Do. The major findings of this study were as follows: Work-family culture was perceived more family-friendly in large-sized organizations and consumer industries. Female employees and workers in dual-career partnerships perceived the work-family culture of their organizations less family-friendly. The hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that firm size, supervisory support for employees' family activities, and the perception of negative career development opportunities as a consequence of utilizing family-friendly policies significantly predicted employees' work-family balance and qualities of lives, while organizational time demands having no significant effects on them. The implications of study results were discussed.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
• /
• 제25권6호
• /
• pp.639-651
• /
• 2010

This study investigated women's magazines and women's food consumption stories of the 1950/s. That is, it attempted to comprehend the connection between the public and private aspects of food consumption as discussed in the 1950's. The public aspect of culture was investigated using the women's magazine "Yeo-won" which reflected the social and intellectual hegemony of the time. The private aspects of culture were investigated by reviewing the daily life of women though in-depth interviews. Mass media reflected the social and intellectual hegemony and indicated that a cultivated woman who supported western food was a wise mother and a good wife, and that a woman who consumed flour-based food was a reasonable and modern consumer, ahead of her time The admiration for the U.S. and its advanced civilization through free handouts of flour and powdered milk accelerated the consumption of industrialized flour-based foods such as noodles, hardtack, and steamed bread. This lead to the rigid traditional food-eating habits of boiled rice, and side dishes changed to flour-based and processed foods. That is, food represented a cultural identity.

• 복식
• /
• 제52권5호
• /
• pp.173-186
• /
• 2002

Street Style, occurred in British and America, has been expressed the character of the new generation by repeating developments and changes. Nowadays, pop music reflects the phase of society. and simultaneously it has influence on from culture to society. Rock Music was rooted in Country 8l western of America. Upon Country & Western, Afro-Americans Rhythm & Blues was added, and that was the birth of Rockabilly. Rockabilly developed to Rock'n 'roll and it started to change to various forms of Rock since 1950s. As the commercial impact and the breakthrough of teenagers emotion, the rock culture comprised the base of the youth culture. However. it formed the anti-establishment culture against the established value, accepting working class subculture. The teenager culture was affected by the Rock culture, also found relief in the opulence provided by the established generation, imitating it as it was. Simultaneously, it had a contrary aspect as anti-establishment form under the banner of revolt against languor in richness. The youth culture created street style that was escaped from high fashion, every time Rock music had changes. Since Street style was based on resistance of established culture and it fully refused vogue, it was indifferent from high fashion. The results of this study were as following. First, every time Rock music had changes, the new youth culture was concomitant with, the youth culture created street style. Secondly, rockahibilly style was characterized as diamond shaped design, embroidery, extra wide shirt collar, vivid contrast color . Rockers style was represented as metal studs, beads, denim, leather jacket, boots. Fusion of hippies style and Psychedelic, long hair, beads. worn denim were elements of headbangers style. Punks style was characterized as ripped T-shirt. rooster hair, over decorated jacket, short skirt. net or plastic T-shirt. Lastly, the firm relation between popular art and fashion was proved by examining the history of Rock Music and Street Style.