• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.136-142
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• 2016

Background: Root diseases caused by Cylindrocarpon destructans and Fusarium solani decrease the yield and quality of ginseng. Cylindrocarpon root rot is a major disease caused by replant failure in ginseng fields. Methods and Results: Solarization of infested greenhouse soil was carried out during the summer season after applying green manure (Sudan grass) and Calcium Cyanamide (CC) on the soil. Mycelium and conidia of C. destructans died at $40^{\circ}C$ after 15 h, but they did not die at $35^{\circ}C$ after 15 h. They also died after keeping the soil at $40^{\circ}C$ for 2 h daily for 9 days, and at $45^{\circ}C$ for 8 days, but they did not die at $38^{\circ}C$ for 9 days. Maximum soil temperature was $55.4^{\circ}C$ at 5 cm depth, $48.7^{\circ}C$ at 10 cm, $44.7^{\circ}C$ at 15 cm, $42.5^{\circ}C$ at 20 cm, and $31.9^{\circ}C$ at 30 cm by incorporating green manure into the soil and using solarization. Solarization using green manure mixed with CC was the most effective in decreasing soil-borne pathogens of 2-year-old ginseng. However, the addition of CC decreased the root weight due to the increase in EC and $NO_3-N$. Conclusions: Soil disinfection using green manure and solarization in a greenhouse environment was effective in inhibiting root rot, however, it did not completely kill the soil-borne pathogens.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.53-75
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• 2015

In the modern society, the adolescence needs the career development competency which makes them probe changing social phenomenon critically and use the given environment and resources progressively. Thus, adolescence should be offered with the career development competency education, but the education in the school fields remains as school entrance coaching focusing on the academic clique and career coaching as a mere job education. As a result, the study connection between high school and university was destroyed and it caused students' study-unfitness and dropouts after the university entrance. Hence, career education to culture major suitability of high school students in the new paradigm should be developed through high school-university connection. So, this study developed a career education program through the collaboration among the professor of college of human ecology, a home economics specialist, undergraduates majoring in human ecology, and a high school student, using the ADDIE model. The result of this study is as followed. First, this study searched for the direction of the program for the career development competency reinforcement of high school students. Second, the program arranged the newest issues of each department of human ecology to make high school students come in contact with and study them easily, aiming at cultivation of major suitability of high school students. Third, the study established the teaching-learning materials that is managed by the high school-college of human ecology committee. Fourth, this program will be the good opportunity for students who are interested in departments of human ecology to check their major suitability.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.133-138
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• 2010

This study was conducted to analysis a major cause of rice yield reduction in 4 research points, 1, 2, 3, and 5km, from coastline in the East Sea. There were great changes of temperature in each research point, though the average temperature a day was no difference between each research point. Each temperature in 1, 2, and 3km research points was 8, 7, and $4^{\circ}C$ lower than in 5km when cold salty wind was generated due to cold pool. As it was close in coastline, its soil was abundant sand components, little silt and clay soil components and lacking in cation exchange capacity(CEC). And plant height became a smaller, heading date was delayed for 3～4 days, and dry weight was reduced. Also, it was to be down percent of fertile grain. As cultivation site was close in seaside, its decline was larger because of reduction of panicle number per hill. It was "Samdeogbyeo" that was variety adapted in cold salty wind, having yield potential more than 90% in 2km.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2015

Various diseases occur in fruits, leave and roots during strawberry cultivation and cause severe economical damage and huge amount of chemical fungicide use. Recently, as consumers' interest in safety of foods and organic agriculture produces have increased, control measures using alternatives for chemical fungicides have been newly developed in various ways. This study was conducted to test antifungal activity and control effect of sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC), using as disinfectants, against major disease pathogens of strawberry, Fusarium oxysporum (Fusarium wilt), Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Anthracnose) and Phytophthora sp. (Phytophthora blight), and Xanthomonas fragariae (bacterial angular leaf spot) and evaluate availability as environment-friendly materials. When NaDCC was treated at the concentration range of 150 to 300 ppm, it suppressed significantly hyphal growth and reduced spore germination by more than 28%. In field condition, NaDCC showed excellent control effect (control value: 50%) against the bacterial angular leaf spot disease. Based on above-described results, we suggested that NaDCC can be used as alternative candidates to chemical pesticide alternatives of for controlling strawberry diseases.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2000

Long term cultivation crops like tomato, capsicum, melon etc. demand much amount of continuous supplying of nutrition during the whole growing periods. It is not easy to cover satisfactorily the nutritional demands for them by splitted top dressings, slow release fertilizer applications and fertigation systems. To overcome these problems, the "CULTAN" (Controlled Uptake Long Term Ammonium Nutrition) Beaker Deposit techniques have been developed and it was put into PVC beaker with the combined nitrogen fertilizer type mixed with the ratio of one-third of ammonium sulfate-N and two-thirds of urea-N, in which nitrogen was loaded on the demanding amount of a tomato plant during the growing period. Gypsum was mixed as a binder, and loamy soil and compost were used as a diffusion regulator. It was placed upside down into root zone of tomato at the transplanting. Tomato roots were spreaded into the Deposit beaker by ammonium ions which attract root growth. The tomato fruit yield and nitrogen uptake by plant were increased by application of $NH_4$-Beaker deposit fertilizer rather than those of common fertilizer treatment. In conclusion, it was able to improve economic and ecological benefits through CULTAN system compared with common fertilization systems. CULTAN system was estimated as a prospective alternative to enhance productivity and minimize nutrient lose. In addition, it shows further developing possibility of CULTAN system by the supplement of micro-nutrients and pesticides in the macro-nutrient beaker deposits.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.290-303
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• 2003

Modern agriculture has been heavily dependent on chemical fertilizers to meet the food demands of ever increasing population. Progressive depletion of major plant nutrients in soil due to intensive cultivation practices has also necessitated the use of higher dose of chemical fertilizers particularly in soils where the organic matter content is very low. Indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers and pressure on agriculturists to enhance per area crop yields has led to fast depletion of fossil fuel resources with concomitant increase in the prices of chemical fertilizers and also led to environmental pollution. Hence, the current trend throughout the world is to explore the possibility of using alternate nutrient sources or increasing the efficiency of chemical fertilizers by supplementing them with organic fertilizers and bioinoculants comprising largely microbes like, bacteria, fungi, algae etc to enhance nitrogen and phosphates in the soil thus creating a sustainable agricultural environment. Among the different microbial inoculants or biofertilizers, Azospirillum could be a potential candidate due to its non specific host root colonization. It had the capability to fix $N_2$ in wide pH regimes and even in presence of combined nitrogen. Azospirillum inoculation can increase the crop yield to 10-25% and substitute 25% of recommended doses of nitrogenous fertilizers. Apart from nitrogen fixation, Azospirillum is also involved in the root improvement, the activity which was attributed to an increase in the rate of water and mineral uptake by roots. The ability of Azospirillum to produce phytohormones was reported to enhance the root respiration rate, metabolism and root proliferation. They have also been reported to produce polyhydroxybutyrate, that can be used as a biodegradable thermosplastic. A lot of studies have addressed improvements in enhancing its efficiency to fix nitrogen fixation and hormone production.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.278-284
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• 2014

To investigate the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) during production of perilla leaves, a total of 261 samples, including water, soil, surroundings of cultivation and packing, workers, and perilla leaves, was examined.. To trace the contamination sources of S. aureus related to perilla leaves, MLVA (Multi-Locous Variable number of tandem repeat Analysis), which is a very efficient method to discriminate strains with minimum molecular biology equipment was applied to S. aureus isolated from perilla leaves farms. S. aureus was isolated in perilla leaves from 9 of 38 farms at 0-2.92 log CFU/g. S. aureus was also found in working environment, including packing vinyl, worker clothes, irrigation water and hands. The patterns of MLVA of isolates from perilla leaves matched with those of isolates from packing table, irrigation water, packing vinyl, and hands. The isolates were successfully examined and determined by MLVA, thus elucidating S. aureus source and spread.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.1-23
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze some problems of general high school and provide some promotion ways of general high school in Gyeongsangbuk-do in long and short term perspective, considering necessity for consolidating educational capacity of general high school which is in disadvantage due to high school diversity and special high school promotion policy. For this, first, the study explores educational policy basis of Park Geun-hye's government, educational policy direction of Gyeongsangbuk-do, educational situation of general high school in Gyeongbuk area, and main contents of educational capacity consolidation way of general high school. Main tasks of Gyeongsangbuk-do general high school educational capacity reconsideration based on the educational capacity consolidation way of Ministry of Education are (1) enlargement of autonomy for formation and operation of focused curriculum by guidance, (2) enlargement of guidance and vocational education for general high school student, (3) consolidation of support program for student at risk, and (4) consolidation of support for general high school High-up program. For these main tasks are fixed and operated in school successfully, the fixation of school responsible management system based on geological environment and trait of each general high school, the application of whole quality control in school management, and the formation of cooperative school organizational culture should be constructed. And specific practice tasks and strategies for Gyeongsangbuk-do general high school educational capacity reconsideration (the cultivation of grobal democratic citizen, human being image in 2009 revised curriculum, and 'talented people with new thinking and genuine mind' of Gyeongsangbuk-do) are provided.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.83-83
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• 2019

본 연구는 고품질 산양삼 생산을 위한 표준재배기술 개발을 위해 산양삼의 생육특성과 재배지의 입지환경 간의 상관관계를 구명하고자 하였다. 전국 9지역의 산양삼 재배지를 선정하여 13년생 산양삼의 생육특성을 조사하고, 각 재배지의 임상 및 토양 이화학성을 분석하여 입지환경과 산양삼 생육특성과의 상관관계를 확인하였다. 총 9개의 재배지 중에서 산양삼의 생육특성은 거창과 함양 재배지에서 다른 재배지에 비해 유의적으로 높은 것으로 나타났다. 임산과의 상관관계를 확인한 결과, 산양삼의 부피는 재배지 임상의 흉고직경과 유의적인 정의 상관관계를 보였고, 활엽수의 비율과 유의적인 부의 상관관계, 침엽수의 비율과는 유의적인 정의 상관관계를 보였다. 침엽수의 비율이 100%로 확인된 영월 재배지의 산양삼 생육특성이 다른 재배지에 비해 유의적으로 높지 않은 것으로 확인되어, 이러한 결과는 침활혼효림에서 침엽수의 비율과 상관관계가 있는 것으로 판단된다. 토양 특성과의 상관관계 분석에서는 재배지 토양의 pH, K, Ca, Mg과 생육특성 간의 유의적인 부의 상관관계를 확인할 수 있었다. 이와 같이 산양삼의 생육특성과 입지환경 간의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 산양삼의 생육은 재배지 임상의 흉고직경이 크고, 침활혼효림에서 침엽수의 비율이 높으며, 토양의 pH, K, Ca, Mg 함량이 높지 않은 재배지에서 적합하다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 산양삼 재배에 적합한 재배적지의 입지환경 조건을 확인할 수 있었고, 산양삼은 7~20년 동안 무농약, 무비료의 청정환경에서 생산하는 것이 원칙이기 때문에 본 연구의 결과를 활용하여 향후 산양삼의 예상재배지를 선정하는데 있어 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.345-350
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• 2006

Recently we have interest on rice products developed by environment-friendly management. The technology of paper mulching was practised without herbicide in machine transplanting cultivation of paddy. A field experiment was conducted on Gangseo series (coarse loamy, mixed, nonacid, mesic family of Aquic Fluventic Eutrochrepts) at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA, Suwon, Gyeonggi province, Republic of Korea in 2004. This experiment was carried out to evaluate rice growth, weed control and nitrogen efficiency by the different controlled-release fertilizer levels in paper mulching transplanting. Treatments consisted of conventional fertilization, controlled-release fertilizer (100%, 80%, 60%) compared with nitrogen amount ($110kg\;ha^{-1}$) of conventional fertilization and no nitrogen plot. Mulching paper consisted of recycled paper which was coated with biodegradable plastics. There were no differences between conventional rice transplanting and paper mulching on missing hills. Weed occurrence and control were diverse and low as fertilizer amount increased. Plant height and tiller number per hill increased as fertilizer amount decreased. There were no difference between controlled-release fertilizer 80% and conventional fertilization plot on rice growth traits. Leaf color and $NH_4{^+}-N$ in soil had similar trends. There was no difference in yield between controlled-release fertilizer 80% and conventional fertilization plot. Agronomic nitrogen-use efficiency was high as fertilizer amount decreased. Therefore, these results suggested controlled-release fertilizer 80% should be optimum amount under paper mulching transplanting of rice considering weed control, rice growth and nitrogen efficiency.