• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.123-134
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• 2002

감응식 신호운영변수 설계에 관한 연구는 정주기식 신호운영변수 설계의 그것보다 그 수준이 현저히 미비하며 이는 감응식 신호운영 특성을 반영한 평가방법의 부재로 감응식 운영변수의 평가가 불가능하였기 때문이다. 본 논문은 최근에 소개된 평균 감응현시 녹색시간 추정 수리모형을 이용하여 Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) 지체도를 최소화하는 최대녹색시간의 설계방안을 제시한다. - '최소녹색시간'과 '단위연장시간'은 보행자 횡단시간 및 차량 차두시간 등 지역별 운전자/보행자의 특성과 관련이 있어 일반적인 최적화 설계 수리모형의 적용에 무리가 있어 제외한다. 제안된 설계방안은 감응식 운영논리를 토대로 감응현시 군의 평균녹색시간과 평균주기를 산정하며, HCM 지체도를 평가하고, 가능한 대안 중 지체를 최소화하는 최대녹색시간 운영변수 군을 '혼혈 유전자 알고리즘'으로 도출한다. 현장실험을 통해 도출이 불가능한 실제 최적치를 Corridor Simulation(CORSIM)모형을 이용하여 추정하였고 이를 제안된 설계방안으로 도출된 최대녹색시간 운영변수' 값들과 비교하였다. 비교결과 교차로 v/c 비율이 1.0 보다 낮을 시는 제안된 방법을 통해 설계된 최대녹색시간 운영변수 군이 최소 CORSIM 지체도를 산출하는 최대녹색시간 운영변수 군과 동일한 것으로, v/c비율이 1.0보다 높을 시는 다른 것으로 결과되었다. v/c비율이 1.0 보다 높은 경우는 정주기식 교차로 운영에 효율적이라 감응식 운영의 필요를 벗어나므로 제안된 최대녹색시간 설계방안은 감응식 신호운영 필요범위 내에서 효율적이다. 기존의 최대녹색시간 설계는 정수기식 최적녹색시간을 기준으로 최대녹색시간을 추정하며, 그러한 과정을 돕기 위하여 추정범위(설계자가 범위 내에서 임의로 선택함)를 제시하는 것이 기존의 연구임을 비교하면 본 연구에서 제안하고 있는 설계방법의 의미가 크다.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.47-61
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• 2017

Purpose: This study aims to suggest the spatial composition and area of the intensive care units through analysis of current situation for the standards establishment of the intensive care units in public district hospitals in the future. Methods: Three Methods have been used in this paper. 1) Literature reviews about composition, location, foreign standards on intensive care units. 2) Comparative analysis on the architectural drawing for the space program and the area. 3) Field survey in order to confirm differences between architectural drawing and current situation. Results: 1) The intensive care units is required to be linked by the operating department, the emergency department and the sterile supply department upon considerations of accessibility of emergency patients and the infection control. 2) The intensive care unit consists of five areas such as the patient area, the medical staff area, the material and equipment area, the patient family area, and the public area. 3) The location of spaces in the intensive care unit is classified by three methods such as connection by view, circulation and connection to corridor. The [table 20] summarizes the type of space and the average size of the space in intensive care unit. Implications: This study is a basic research for guideline of intensive care units, and need to be followed by further study using various perspectives and methods in the future.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.39-47
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the deployment types and characteristics of mobile hospitals with it's historical backgrounds. Methods: Since the disaster can not be classified by country, the scope of the study is to include both domestic and foreign mobile hospitals. In order to minimize the casualties from the field hospitals used at the time of the First World War, which is the mother of mobile hospitals, we analyzed the mobile hospitals which are more compact and changed to the target areas and analyzed the mobile hospitals. Results: Historically, mobile hospitals have been transformed in a way that they are close to the target area and rapidly inject essential elements, and the deployment of wards has evolved to be able to combine in any form with center corridor. In the case of hospitals that can deal with infectious diseases, each treatment room was installed separately to thoroughly separate the copper wire. Implications: As disaster damage increases and incidence increases, field response should be quick. However, research on mobile hospitals, which are indispensable for field response in Korea, has not been conducted in various ways. From the origins of mobile hospitals, the development process is reviewed, and research is carried out to clarify the grounds and backgrounds for the planning of mobile hospitals that are quick and appropriate to the situation in Korea and abroad.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.99-106
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to investigate the modernity characteristics of the traditional housing in Seoul 1920s to 1930s setting the criterion for analyses based on a Korean architect, Park, Kil-Ryong 'Housing improvement theory' about 'the Housing Plan of the Middle Area in Choseon'. The architect Park, Kil-Ryong expressed 'Housing Improvement Theory' positively founded on having a deep knowledge of traditional architecture. At his early working stage in 1928, he announced 'Housing Improvement Theory' about 'the Housing Plan of the Middle Area in Choseon' from the paper titled 'An Inquiry into the Housing of the Middle Area in Choseon', It is inferred that his paper quite affected the modern changes of traditional housing of those days. As the results of the study, even though the main floored room still keeps the symbolical and central position in traditional housing, the size of that is designed to be smaller than before. The room on the opposite side is generally designed widely as the scope more than 2 'KAN' and shows the features of expansion and division according to functions. By interchanging the location of the kitchen, the inner room as the main living space souths in the front of the house. The kitchen is designed as fitting size and separated from the space of working, linking, setting the table, keeping things and others. The bathroom is built in the house and then connected to the corridor. Each space is effectively planned for the best location in the house as considering lightening and ventilation.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.189-196
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• 2015

In case of Senior Hospitals, meticulous care is required in both amount and quality of natural lighting because of the semi-long term residence of patients. Natural lighting has a huge impact on the physical and psychological part for the seniors. Likewise, natural lighting is an important factor considered for hospital design because it can also effect hospitalization period of patients. Research subject was K Senior Hospital which was determined as the courtyard-type building made to provide healing environment through natural lighting. Analysis was performed by dividing the space of K Senior Hospital into Central Treatment Department directly used by patients, Outpatient Department(OPD), Ward Department, Common Use Department. Research was carried out in two ways of integration value analysis using SPACE SYNTAX and illumination intensity analysis using ECOTECT. K Senior Hospital intended to actively let in natural light through courtyard and to make patients exposed to natural light when they walk along the circuit corridor built around the courtyard. This environmental consideration affected the utilization rate of Common Use Department and residence time of patients raising the average of Common Use Department on every floor. As a resuit of this study presenting type C and type D, part of four types of illumination intensity, takes higher percentage of almost every spaces compare to the others therefore K Senior Hospital was designed on the assumption of healing environment composition through natural light. The result of this research would be used meaningfully in the space programming phase of Senior Hospitals in the future. Utilization rate can be adjusted using illumination intensity value in the space that integration rate should be planed to be high. The use(purpose) of space and integration rate can be used as a guideline to set illumination intensity of natural.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.78-84
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• 2015

In order to increase the utilization of limited space in urban area, it can be a good solution to make use of underground space. For the last few decades, underground space systems, such as underground passages, subway stations, and underground shopping arcades, have been constructed in many cities all over the country. Despite of the advantages on the utilization of space in urban area, underground space systems have always been exposed to the risk of inundations resulted from severe rain storms. In this study, it has been examined to apply 2-D flow models (TUFLOW and FLUMEN) to establishing the preventive measures to the risk of flood. For the part with relatively complex configuration, such as a corridor junction, 2-D flow models present the detailed information about the effect of geometry on the inundation events and the temporal and spatial distribution of inundation over the space. From the result, it can be concluded that the 2-D flow model can be the effective implement for establishing the proper measure to the inundation on underground space systems, which generally have relatively long and narrow geometry with complex inner configuration.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.932-938
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• 2013

Recently, the Fingerprint, which is one of the methods of indoor localization using WLAN, has been many studied owing to robustness about ranging error by the diffraction and refraction of radio waves. However, in the signal gathering process and comparison operation for the measured signals with the database, this method requires time consumption and computational complexity. In order to compensate for these problems, this paper presents, based on proposed modified database, WLAN indoor localization algorithm using selective operation of collected signal in real time. The proposed algorithm reduces the configuration time and the size of the data in the database through linear interpolation and thresholding according to the signal strength, the localization accuracy, while reducing the computational complexity, is maintained through selective operation of the signals which are measured in real time. The experimental results show that the accuracy of localization is improved to 17.8% and the computational complexity reduced to 46% compared to conventional Fingerprint in the corridor by using proposed algorithm.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.6 no.2 s.12
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• pp.35-44
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• 1998

Road guide sign is one of important traffic facility, which guides a driver a direction to go. A road is being newly built and/or an existing road can be temporarily closed very often at metropolitan area. Such information has to be linked to a road guide sign and to be updated in time. Otherwise, it might cause not only confusion to a driver but also traffic accident and/or traffic congestion. However, road guide signs are not properly managed at this time since the amounts of information are huge and they are being managed through paper maps manually. A decision-making framework has been developed to manage a variety of information of road guide signs based on the concept of GIS(Geographic Information Systems). Especially, it is designed on the fact that the existing national digital base maps under the NGIS(National Geographic Information Systems) program can be utilized. This framework has several functions such as the manipulation of statistics, landmark linkages along the selected traffic corridor and automatic design of signboard's content. This system is applied to the Kangnam district in Seoul Metropolitan area (SMA) for a case study.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.1E
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• pp.9-15
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• 2009

In this paper, FSTL (Field Sound Transmission Loss) measured in a mock-up simulating ship cabins is studied. A mock-up is built by using 6 mm steel plate, and two identical cabins are made where 25 mm or 50 mm sandwich panel is used to construct wall and ceiling inside the steel structure. Various wall panels and ceilings are tested, where effects of wall and ceiling panel thickness, and presence of a unit toilet on FSTL are investigated. It is found that the effect of unit toilet on FSTL is at most 1 dB. From the comparison of FSTL for panels of the same thickness of 50 mm, it is observed that panel having inside air cavity of 10 mm shows higher STL than that of the panel without air cavity. Comparison of FSTL for panels of 50 mm and 25 mm thickness shows that dependency on surface density predicted by mass law is not observed. The sandwich panels act as a mass-spring system, which shows a resonant mode that cannot be explained by the mass law. It is also found that STL from laboratory test is higher than FSTL by 5- 10 dB, which can be explained by flanking structure-borne noise transmission path such as ceiling, floor and corridor-facing wall.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.62-69
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• 2008

This study was conducted in order to recommend forest-based wildlife protection areas in Chung-nam Province using several basic habitat conditions. The conditions used in this study were the forest patch size with the potential to keep wildlife animals safe, the distance from water sources, and the availability of food for wildlife. The fractal dimension index was also used to find the edge line dynamics, which can influence on habitat conditions for edge species. The natural conservation management indices including a forest map (indicating the level of forest age), a slope map, and an elevation map were used to find the forest patches with enough space for wildlife to live on. Water resources and their buffer areas were considered as factors to protect the space as an ecological corridor. Deciduous trees and trees mixed with deciduous trees and conifers were chosen to provide wildlife animals their food. In total, 525 forest patches were chosen and recommended for the wildlife protection area. Five of these forest patches were recommended as wildlife protection areas managed by the provincial government. The other 520 forest patches were recommended to protect local wildlife animals and be managed by each county or city. These forest patches were located around the Geum-buk and Geum-nam mountains, and the forest patches are important resources as habitats to keep wildlife in the area. An ecological network consists of these separate forest patches with the ecological integration. A fractal dimension index was used to divide forest patches into several categories in order to find how patches are shaped. The forest patches with longer edges or more irregular shapes have a much higher possibility of being inhabited by various types of edge species. Through comparison of the wildlife protection areas recommended in this study to the current wildlife protection areas, we recognized that the current wildlife protection areas need boundary adjustments in order for wildlife animals to survive by themselves with water sources and food.