• 영어어문교육
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.53-75
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• 2012

The present study examined the role of language proficiency in dyadic discourse in the organization of repairs and the distribution of linguistic features contained in repairs. One native speaker of English and five non-native speakers participated and formed three dyads: one same-proficiency NNS-NNS (non-native speaker), one different-proficiency NNS-NNS, and one NS (native speaker)-NNS dyads. Results showed that overall repair patterns in this type of interaction were more conversational than didactic, and that the degree of difference in proficiency between the participants in the dyad influenced repair patterns and the distribution of linguistic features in relation to repair patterns. Also, discussed in the present paper are some implications of the results and other issues related to language learning.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.39-53
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• 2002

Recently much research has investigated the role of attention in L2 learning, comparing the effects of explicit learning with those of implicit learning. With this background the research aims at examining the effects explicit focus on form has on L2 learning based on the acquisition of the English article system. The participants were 70 Korean college students who enrolled in English Composition classes. The experimental group received explicit focus on form including grammatical explanation, input enhancement, output practice, and negative evidence (corrective feedback) for two weeks, while the control group was exposed to sufficient input and negative evidence. Completion tasks were administered at the beginning and the end of the semester. In addition, errors in the use of English articles were analysed on their compositions both before and after the different treatments. The analyses of the results show that the explicit focus on form group improved significantly more than the control group, particularly for the definite article 'the', and some changes occurred in the distribution of article errors. These findings suggest that explicit teaching plays a more contributory role than implicit teaching in acquiring L2 knowledge in classroom-based L2 learning.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.143-143
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• 1996

Recent Class requirements and IMO recommendations concerning Hull Strength Monitoring (HSM) have prompted an increasing number of shipowner to adopt monitoring systems on bulk carriers and tanker. Such systems are designed to give warning when stress levels and the frequency and magnitude of ship motions approach levels which require corrective action. When fitted these systems provide enhanced operational safety and efficiency. This paper describes a development beyond the standard BMT HSM system through the integration of stress, motion and radar-based sea state monitoring with powerful, on-board, artificial intelligence (AI) tools. The latter utilises conceptual clustering techniques as an aid to pattern recognition in stress, fatigue. motion and sea state data clusters. This, in turn, provides additional operational guidance for ship's staff. Feedback from applications of the standard BMT HSM and extended HSM systems on board the British Steel Bulk Shipping fleet is described.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.42-47
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• 2023

The majority of research on Automated Writing Evaluation (AWE) programs has focused primarily on Grammarly, whereas QuillBot and its use in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms remains limitedly explored. This study examined the effectiveness of using QuillBot on the writing quality of college students. A total of 26 participants took pre- and post-writing tests, and four analytical tools were applied to assess their writing quality in terms of syntactic complexity, lexical diversity, lexical richness, and readability. Results of the syntactic complexity analysis across the four indices demonstrates that the syntactic complexity of EFL writing increased significantly, and substantial differences were observed in lexical richness and readability. These results suggest that QuillBot can compensate for the drawbacks of Grammarly and assist EFL writers in improving their overall writing quality.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2012

전역 클럭 없이 외부 입력에 따라서 값이 변하는 비동기 카운터는 우주용 메모리 등 현대 디지털 시스템에서 널리 사용된다. 본 논문에서는 우주 방사능 누적에 기인하는 크리티컬 레이스 고장이 존재하는 비동기 카운터를 위한 고장 극복 기법을 제안한다. 크리티컬 레이스는 비동기 디지털 회로 설계 과정에서 발생하는 대표적인 고장으로서 회로의 다음 안정 상태가 고정되지 않고 여러 값 중 하나로 나오는 비결정적인 특성을 보인다. 이번 연구에서는 비동기 순차 머신에 대한 교정 제어 기법을 이용하여 크리티컬 레이스를 극복할 수 있는 상태 피드백 제어기의 설계 과정을 제시한다. 또한 비동기 카운터 교정 제어 시스템을 VHDL 코드로 구현하고 실험을 통하여 제안된 제어 시스템이 크리티컬 레이스 고장을 극복하는 과정을 예시한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.6475-6482
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 형태초점 교수법과 오류수정 피드백이 영어 구문 학습에 효과적인지를 살펴보고, 이에 대한 학생들의 반응을 파악하기 위함이다. 연구 참여자들은 필수과목인 영어회화 강좌를 수강하는 8개 분반의 초급수준의 대학교 1학년 학생 122명이다. 이들 여덟 개 분반을 무작위로 세 그룹 즉 시각적 입력강화 집단(TIE group), 출력강화 집단(DICT group)과 통제집단(CG group)으로 나누어 사전 사후 평가 및 설문조사를 실시하였다. SPSS 21.0 for Window 프로그램을 사용하여 형태초점 교수법과 오류수정 피드백의 효과와 학생들의 영어수업에 대한 인식과 태도의 변화를 분석하였다. 연구결과, 본 연구에 활용된 형태초점 교수활동인 입력강화 및 출력강화 활동과 오류수정 피드백 모두가 학생들이 문법형태에 대한 지식을 향상시키는데 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 실험집단 모두가 형태초점 교수법과 오류수정 피드백에 긍정적인 인식과 태도를 보였고, 실험에 참여한 모든 학생들이 짝 활동(pair work)을 선호하였다. 또한, 통제집단(CG group)을 제외한 대부분의 시각적 입력강화 집단(TIE group)과 출력강화 집단(DICT group) 학생들은 영어수업에 대한 만족과 흥미를 보였던 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 실험 결과에 의거하여, 한국의 EFL 학습 환경에 있는 학생들의 영어 학습에 대한 개인적인 선호도를 고려하여 짝 활동 (pair work)의 형태로 목표문법형태 학습에 적절한 형태초점 교수법을 적용할 것을 제안한다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.88-95
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• 1996

It is inevitable for local systems to have deviations which represent interactions and modeling errors originated from the decomposition process of a large scale system. This paper presents a decentralized control scheme for interconnected systems using local linear models and a neuro-coordinator. In the proposed method, the local system is composed of a linear model and unknown deviations caused by linearizing the subsystems around operating points or by estimating parameters of the subsystems. Because the local system has unmeasurable deviations we define a local reference model which consists of a local linear model and a neural network to estimate the deviations indirectly. The reference model is reformed into a linear model which has no deviations through a transformation of input variables and we obtain an optimum feedback control law which minimizes a local performance index. Finally, we derive a decentralized feedback control law which consists of local linear states and neural network outputs. In the decentralized control, the neuro-coordinator generates a corrective control signal to cancel the effect of deviations through backpropagation learning with the errors obtained from the differences of the local system outputs and reference model outputs. Also, the stability of local system is proved by the degree of learning of the neural network under an assumption on a neural network learning index. It is shown by computer simulations that the proposed control scheme can be applied successfully to the control of a biased two-link planar robot manipulator.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제2권
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• pp.209-235
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• 1998

Traditional cost system is distorted due to the using unit-based measure. It is being criticized that it do a poor job of attributing the expenses of support resources to the production and sales of individual product. Activity Based Cost System expend the range of second-stage cost assignment drivers beyond the traditional measures of labor and machine times, units produced, and material quantities to allow for drivers that measure the amount of batch-level, product-sustaining, and facility-sustaining activities performed. It is a resources consumption model of organization, not just a more complex cost accounting of cost allocation system. This paper proposes a enterprise resource planning by activity based management. To effective performance system for company that want to be setting competitive levels, the information systems must support a fast moving, rapidly changing. Activity based management is a process of accumulating and tracing cost and performance da to a firm's activities and providing feedback of actual results against the planned cost to initiate corrective action where required. Therefore this system provides a highly powerful decision-making tool. To construct this system, we need Enterprise Resource Planning System. Since ERP is designed around the idea that rapid change and a degree of unhandled change is normal, it allows driving the customer's rapidly needs much deeper through the business cycle.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.273-288
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• 2015

Purpose: In this study, we apply environmental stress screening (ESS) to battle management system (BMS) of a tank and use the ESS profile based on production process data, guided by MIL-HDBK-781/344/2164. Methods: To optimize ESS Profile of the BMS of a tank, we estimate ESS model parameters (e.g., defect density, screening strength) using primary production failure reporting and corrective action system (FRACAS) data of military supply contract firm. Results: First, we collect the Primary production FRACAS data of military supply contract firm. Second, we compute curve fitting approach to find patent defect density and latent defect density using FRACAS data. Third, we solve the equation of Defect Density(patent defect density + latent defect density)($D_{IN}$) and Screening Strength(SS) Using second step data. As a result of analysis according to the order, we calculate $D_{IN}$(Temperature stress case : 74.02, Vibration stress : 10.252) and : SS(Temperature stress case : 0.4632, Vibration stress : 0.4142) and confirm the Condition II-D based on MIL-HDBK-344. According to Condition II-D, it is necessary to modify existing ESS profile through decreasing the $D_{IN}$ and increasing the SS. Conclusion: Identification of defect causes through ESS approach reduce defect densities for production. It provides feedback to a lessons-learned data base to avoid similar problems on next generation tank BMS.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.409-429
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• 1997

소프트웨어를 개발하고 운영하는 동안 직면하는 문제들은 소프트웨어나 하드웨어 또는 운영의 결함에 기인한다. 이들의 다양성 문제, 문제들을 조정하고 체계적으로 원인을 규명하기 위한 문제 발생의 규명 및 수정 작업을 중심적으로 관리하는 시스템이 요구 되고 있다.본 논문에서는 소프트웨어 개발 수명 주기(Softwate Development Life Cycle :SDIC)에서 획득할 수 있는 결함 데이터(Fault Data) 프로세스 데이터(Precess Data) 프로덕트 데이터(Preduct Data)를 수집하고 분석하기 위한 소프트웨어 문제 보고서 (Software Change Report:SCR)를 처리하는 SPR/SCR 관리시스를 개발하고 적용하였다. SPR/SCR 관리 시스템의 목적은 4가지가 있다. 첫째로 모든 소프트웨어 결함들을 문서 화하고, 수정하며 무시않는다. 둘째로 SPR의 타당성에 대해 평가된다. 셋째로 SPR의 진행 상태를 개발자 또는 사용자에게 피드백한다., 넷째로 소프트웨어 품질과 신뢰성을 예측하고 측정하기 위한 기본 자료를 제공한다. 이들 목표는 SRE/SCR 관리시스템의 적용에 의해 충족시킬 수 있다. 또한 소프트웨어 신뢰성의 달성 비욜, 테스트의 종료기준, 릴 리 즈 시기의 예측, 효율적인 개발 관리에 반영될 수 있다.