• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.267-273
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• 2020

Solutions of the water pressure and groundwater inflow distribution along the tunnel perimeter in a half-infinite aquifer were investigated considering the conditions of the constant head and constant water pressure. It is assumed that the circular tunnel is buried in a fully saturated, homogeneous, isotropic and half-infinite space. Coordinate transformation technique was adopted, the problem of solving the control equations of water pressure in the Cartesian coordinate was transformed to that in the bipolar coordinate system, which can significantly simplify the derivation procedure of the water pressure and inflow distribution. The validation results show the accuracy and advantage of the proposed approach.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.556-562
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• 2003

This paper presents new attitude error differential equations to define attitude errors as the rotation vector for inertial navigation systems. Attitude errors are defined with the rotation vector between the reference coordinate frame and the platform coordinate frame, and Platform dynamics to the reference coordinate frame due to platform torque command errors are defined. Using these concepts for attitude error definition and platform dynamics, we have derived attitude error differential equations expressed in original nonlinear form for GINS and SDINS and showed that these are equivalent to attitude error differential equations expressed in known linear form. The relation between attitude errors defined by the rotation vector and attitude errors defined by quaternion is clearly presented as well.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제15권9호
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• pp.774-776
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• 1994

Ab initio studies of simple model systems for the carboxypeptidase A active site indicate that penta-and hexa-coordinate Zn(II) complexes have comparable structural stabilities. These facile coordination structures can be responsible for the catalytic role. Although the hexa-coordinate Zn(II) complex is more stable in enthalpy than the penta-coordinate Zn(II) complex, the entropy effect makes the latter as stable as or slightly more stable in free energy than the former.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.37-44
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• 1995

국가기본도 평면직각좌표계는 3계로 나뉘어져 있으므로 이를 자동차 항법용 수치지도의 좌표계로 수정없이 적용하면, 좌표계의 경계지역에서 인접도엽간 경계접합시 문제가 발생한다. 따라서, 자동차 항법용 수치지도 좌표계는 분리된 3계의 평면직각좌표계가 갖는 문제를 해결하기 위해 하나의 통일원 새로운 좌표계가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 투영법에 있어서는 국가기본도 평면직각좌표계와 같은 휭 메느카토르도법을 사용하고 중앙자오선의 위치 및 증대율을 조정하므로서 새로운 자동차 항법용 수치지도좌표계를 설계하였다.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제32권5_6호
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• pp.783-790
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• 2014

Most distance functions, including taxicab distance, are defined on Cartesian plane, and recent studies on distance functions have been mainly focused on Cartesian plane. However, most streets in cities include not only straight lines but also curves. Therefore, there is a significant need for a distance function to be defined on a curvilinear coordinate system. In this paper, we define a new function named polar taxicab distance, using polar coordinates. We prove that this function satisfies the conditions of distance function. We also investigate the geometric properties and classifications of circles in the plane with polar taxicab distance.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.806-817
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• 2014

The extraction of lip region is essential to Lip Reading, which is a field of image processing to get some meaningful information by the analysis of lip movement from human face image. Many conventional methods to extract lip region are proposed. One is getting the position of lip by using geometric face structure. The other discriminates lip and skin regions by using color information only. The former is more complex than the latter, however it can analyze black and white image also. The latter is very simple compared to the former, however it is very difficult to discriminate lip and skin regions because of close similarity between these two regions. And also, the accuracy is relatively low compared to the former. Conventional analysis of color coordinate systems are mostly based on specific extraction scheme for lip regions rather than coordinate system itself. In this paper, the method for selection of effective color coordinate system and chromaticity transformation to discriminate these two lip and skin region are proposed.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2007년도 추계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.134-140
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• 2007

Nonlinear parabolized stability equations for compressible flow in general curvilinear coordinate system are derived to deal with a broad range of transition prediction problems on complex geometry. A highly accurate finite difference PSE code has been developed using an implicit marching procedure. Blasius flow is tested. The results of the present computation show good agreement with DNS data. Nonlinear interaction can make the T-S fundamental wave more unstable and the onset of its amplitude decay is shifted downstream relative to linear case. For nonlinear calculations, rather small difference in initial amplitude can produce large change during nonlinear region. Compressible secondary instability at Mach number 1.6 is also simulated and showed that 1.1% initial amplitude for primary mode is enough to trigger the secondary growth.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.80-90
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• 1994

Basic constraint equations derived from orthogonality conditions between a pair of body-fixed vectors and a body-fixed vector or a vector between two bodies are reformulated by using relative coordinate kinematics between two adjacent reference frames. Arithmetic numbers of operations required to compute derivatives of the constraint equations are drastically reduced. A mixed formulation of relative and cartesian coordinates is developed to further simplify derivatives of the constraints. Advantages and disadvantages of the new formulation are discussed. Possible singularity problem of para llelism constraints is resolved by introducing an extra generalized coordinate. Kinematic analysis of a McPherson strut suspension system are carried out to illustrate use and efficiency of the new formulation.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.7-15
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• 2008

The dimensional measurement equipment, such as Coordinate Measurement Machine (CMM), Optical Coordinate Measurement Machine (OCMM), and Checking Fixture (CF), take multiple dimensional measurements for each part in an automobile industry. Measurements are also recorded under different measurement systems to see if the responses differ significantly over these systems. Each measurement system (CMM, OCMM, and CF) will be considered as different treatments. This set-up provides massive amounts of process data which are multivariate in nature. Therefore, the multivariate statistical analysis is required to analyze data that are dependent on each other. This research provides step by step methodology for the evaluation procedure of the compatibility of measurement systems and clarify a systematic analyzation among the different measurement system's compatibility followed by number of case studies for each methodologies provided.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제25권9호
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• pp.1317-1324
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• 2001

In this paper, a methodology of geometrical error identification and compensation for NC machine tool position is developed. We propose a reference artifact with measuring the geometry of coordinate system for compensating linear scale error of NC machine. The coordinate system of the NC machine could be compensated successfully with the information obtained by measuring the reference artifact and our compensation algorithm. Monte Carlo simulation is used to evaluate coordinate referencing ability and, the uncertainties of the machine tool position is estimated and observed through the compensation process by simulation.