• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.201-212
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• 2009

This study analyzed the structure of pricing in the automobile auction market by using real trade data. We focused on the bidding behavior of bidders and the contract price of exhibits. First, we proposed a relational framework among exhibits, number of bidders, and the contract price. Next, we utilized a neural network model to estimate the number of bidders and the contract price. Subsequently, we investigated the relationship between the number of bidders and the contact price, and evaluated our method through an analysis that employed verifying data. Lastly, we listed our suggestions for bidding in auction markets.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.75-86
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• 2010

The contract screening system is being introduced and operated as a model of advance budget reduction for local fiscal efficiency. But as the authority recognizes the contract screening system as a means of budget reduction, and companies recognize it as a means of budget curtailment, a contradictory understanding structure on the contract screening system is being formed. This research was prompted to propose a development method that will enable the contract screening system operating in Jeju Special Self-Governing Province to be appropriately established as a model of advance budget reduction. To achieve this, the operating status of the contract screening system was analyzed, and the recognition level on the contract screening system of the local government and companies was analyzed on the basis of contract screening data.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.377-385
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• 2022

As a kind of industry-university cooperation, the contract-based department for nurturing the employers that meets the needs of industrial society has started for about 20 years. In particular, interest in contract departments as part of the SMEs' human resource development support is increasing with the newly starting government, so it is expecting that the number of new contract departments will increase for the time being. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of each contract department according to the learner type and contract method, and to suggest procedures and considerations for the establishment of re-education-type and third party contract-type contract departments suitable for SMEs. In particular, the authors would like to present the case of K University for how to design the curriculum to create a virtuous cycle by harmoniously reflecting the position of the operating institution as a supplier and the requirements of many companies as consumers.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.7
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• pp.325-332
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• 2009

The Korean real estate transaction makes a contract after the buying and selling person concerned agreed a business condition. As for vendee, business consists of the method that I issue documents before provision and money left over provision and the registration at the same time, and register a contract deposit in vendor. However, it latent for the real estate transaction various accidents such as fraud from a contract day to time to finish a real estate registration transfer, embezzlement, double contract by the breach of trust. Nevertheless vendee comes to match vendor by an asymmetry of the information one-sidedly to the front completing a registration transfer. I may prevent stellionate by the breach of trust of vendor if I use an ESCROW system in such a responsibility blank state.

• Journal of Family Relations
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.155-183
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• 2017

Objectives: The purpose of this study identified the perceived quality of parent-child relationships and attitudes toward filial duty contracts among young adult children. Also, this study is to examine the effects of sociodemographic characteristics and perceived quality parent-child relationships on the attitudes toward filial duty contracts and the requirement for filial duty contract details. Method: For this study, a survey was conducted with 210 college student children in young adulthood in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. The questionnaire consisted of the 'Attitudes toward Filial Duty Contracts Scale', the 'Requirement for Filial Duty Contract Details Scale', and the 'Quality of Parent-Child Relationships Scale' with a demographic questionnaire. Specifically, the Attitudes toward Filial Duty Contracts Scale consisted of the support for contract, the intention of contract, and reservation contract amount on young adult children's mind. Data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. Results: The major findings of this study are as follows: First, young adult children reported the relationship with mother better than father's and mid levels of support and intention of filial duty contract. They also showed that their reservation contract amount on their mind was about 500 million won. Second, the multiple regression analyses revealed that gender and pride of one's father positively related to their support for filial contract. Also, gender, the pride of one's father, and emotional closeness to one's father significantly affected their intention of filial contract. In addition, among the variables, only monthly family income significantly predicted their reservation contract amount. Finally, the multiple regression analyses revealed that birth order and gender significantly predicted the normative duty contract. Also, the pride of one's father significantly affected the emotional support contract. However, filial duty contract details such as caregiving for sick parents, physical support, and economic support have been found to be meaningless. Conclusions: The findings suggest that preparative education of aging for parents who are considering making the filial duty contracts with their children should include some realistic advice. These pieces of advice include their parent-child relationship and consideration of their own overall asset sizes.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.528-535
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• 2003

The purposes of this study were: 1) to investigate the operational and financial characteristics of contract-managed high school food services in Seoul, 2) to analyze the financial performance of high school food services 3) to develop guidelines for meal pricing and facilities investment costs. From Oct to Nov 2001, questionnaires were mailed to 249 high schools that were managed by contract food service companies. A 40.2％ response rate was recorded. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Student enrollment in high schools run by contract-managed food services was 1,518, with a 68.5％ participation rate in the school lunch program. The average meal price was 2,141 won. 2. Based on the income statement analysis, average total sales were 410,440,504 won and average net profit was 16,098,558 won. 3. The optimum food cost per meal was 1,200-1,300 won per meal, calculating using the methods of conversion factor, RDA (Recommended Daily Allowance), and nutrient exchange unit. 4. Guidelines for meal pricing were developed using the modified actual pricing method based on facilities investment cost, number of meals and food cost. The ratio of labor cost, general management expenses and ordinary profit were adopted from the schools with liability. The food cost, depreciation and interest cost were calculated based on unit meal. 5. The guideline for facilities investment was developed based on the number of meals, meal price and food cost. The guideline included the maximum facilities investment cost paid by the contract food service management company. (Korean J Nutrition 36(5): 528∼535, 2003)

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.38-47
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• 2003

Distributed problem solving is the cooperative solution of problem by a decentralized and loosely couped collection of knowledge-sources (KS's), located in a number of distinct processor nodes. The contract net protocol has been developed to specify problem-solving communication and control for nodes in a distributed problem solver. Task distribution is affected by a negotiation process, a discussion carried on between nodes with tasks to be executed and nodes that may be able to execute tasks In this paper, we present the coordination method among distributed intrusion detection system and firewall by the contract net protocol. The method enhances the intrusion detection performance and provides the communication methods. To mode IDS and firewall, security models hue been hierarchically constructed based on the DEVS (Discrete Event system Specification) formalism. Each ID agent cooperates through the contract net protocol for detecting intrusions. The IDS which detects the intrusion informs to firewall, so the harmful network traffic is blocked. If an agent detects infusions, the agent transfers attacker's information to a firewall. Using this mechanism attacker's packets detected by In can be prevented from damaging the network.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.44-52
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• 2014

On March, 2013, the Government announced the Multiple Prime Contract method will be expanded in public building construction projects. The applying multiple prime contract method has been immersing issue among all stakeholders of construction project. The owner conducts the role of a general contactor as well as owner's original responsibility while construction works being executed by specialty contractors. If the owner has not experience of project management, it should be bring about increasing management cost due to the interface problems among prime contractors. With this reason, it is difficult to administrate the multiple prime contract. So far there has been no methodology of predicting management cost in the multiple prime contract. Therefore, this study aims to enable the operation of efficient multiple prime contracts by developing a model to predict their management costs.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.55
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• pp.155-181
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• 2012

This study considered as precautions in light of practical affairs related to a claim for damages focusing on CISG (1980) and PICC (2004). Given summarizing contents of this study, those are as follows. First, when exercising a claim for damages, proving the damages may be difficult and hard. Thus, there is necessity for stating the liquidated damages clause in contract given conclusion of contract. Second, as for the application of interest rate given a claim for interest, CISG is not covered interest rate. PICC is covered interest rate. However, there is possibility that PICC will not be applied as general principles. Thus, to remove this insecurity and uncertainty, there is necessity for stating this in contract by deciding on the detailed standard stipulation after fully discussing about interest payment with the counterpart given sale contract. Third, when a seller delivered non-conformity of the goods for contract, a buyer is desirable to exercise by discreetly judging the exercise method or limitation element on a problem of selecting and exercising remedy favorable to oneself out of a claim for damages and a right to reduce the price. Finally, There was suggestion that the contract parties are desirable to utilize by modifying and supplementing properly this in line with own business-based necessity and situation based on the ICC Model International Sale Contract, and to state CISG and PICC the governing law clause, in preparing contract. This study is expected to possibly become guideline in which the damaged party exercises a claim for damages or aims to cope with the counterpart's exercising a claim for damages.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.3-11
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• 2011

There are several causes to recalculate the contract amount in public construction projects. Among them, the escalation clause was introduced in 1969 and now the condition to recalculate the cost is effective after 90 days from the date of contract and the rate of fluctuation should be more than 3% from the date of bidding. The two calculation methods for the rate of fluctuation are item-adjustment and index-adjustment. According to the results of investigation into 4 public institutions and 163 projects, all of them have used the method of index-adjustment and the rate of projects that spend over 6 months obtaining the approval of contract amount adjustment is more than 90%. The reason for spending lots of time is caused by problems of the calculation method on the price fluctuation rate. Therefore, it is necessary that the calculation method should be diversified to cope with the problems and a option of the builder should be expanded as well. Furthermore, if the way to apply correction factors to construction price index and average index based on the producer and consumer price index made by the bank of Korea is added, then the duration will be reduced without additional expenses. This study proposed the diversification of the calculation method using price fluctuation rate and builders' expanded options as improvement on the managerial method of Price Fluctuation System for the prompt and efficient contract amount adjustment.