• 폴리머
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.759-766
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• 2002

스티렌과 물이 주된 원료로 구성된 혼합물을 high internal Phase emulsion (HIP보) 중합을 통하여 균일한 구형의 등방성 구조로 이루어진 저밀도의 열린 구조 미세기공 발포체를 제조하였고, 물, 가교결합제인 divinylbenzene, 사슬이동제인 dodecane의 함량 변화 등의 중합조건이 미세기공발포체의 기공 크기 및 물성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 제조한 HIPE 발포체의 미세구조 모폴로지를 확인하기 위하여 SEM 사진으로 관찰하였고 기계적 물성을 평가하기 위하여 압축시험으로 압축 탄성률을 측정하였다. 연구 결과 오일 상에 수용액 상을 주입할 때 한 방울씩 연속적으로 주입하는 연속투여 방식의 경우가 한번에 주입하는 일괄투여 방식의 경우보다 균일하고 안정한 발포체를 제조하는데 효과적이었다. 교반속도와 계면활성제는 기공 크기와 계면의 window 크기에 상당한 영향을 끼쳤다. 사슬이동제의 첨가는 기공 크기를 증가시켰지만 window 크기는 오히려 감소시켰다. 발포체의 압축 탄성률은 가교결합제의 함량이 증가할수록, 사슬이동제의 함량이 감소할수록 증가하였다.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.104-109
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• 2003

A microcellular, which combines a rubber with the conventional formulation of styrene/divinylbenzene/sorbitan monooleate/water system, was prepared using high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) polymerization. Although the open microcellular foam with low density from the conventional HIPE polymerization shows highly porous characteristics with fine, regular and isotropic structure, the one having much smaller cell size is desirable for various applications. In this study, a polybutadiene was introduced to reduce the cell size with comparable properties. Major interests were focused on the effects of rubber concentration and agitation speed on the cell sizes and compression properties. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the microcellular morphology and compression tests were conducted to evaluate the stress-strain behaviors. It was found that the cell size decreased as rubber concentration increased, reflecting a competition between the higher viscosity of continuous phase and the lower viscosity ratio of dispersed to continuous phases due to the addition of high molecular weight rubber into the oil phase of emulsion. A correlation for the average cell size depending on agitation speed was attempted and the result was quite satisfactory.

• Carbon letters
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.243-247
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• 2012

A fabrication method to improve the processability of thermoplastic carbon nanotube (CNT) mat composites was investigated by using in-situ polymerizable and low viscous cyclic butylene terephthalate oligomers. The electrical conductivity of the CNT mat composites strongly depended on the compression pressure, and the trend can be explained in terms of two cases, low and high compression pressure, respectively. High CNT mat content in the CNT mat composites and the surface of the CNT mat composites with fully contacted CNTs was achieved under high compression pressure, and direct contact between four probes and the surface of the CNT mat composites with fully contacted CNTs gave resistance of $2.1{\Omega}$. In this study the maximum electrical conductivity of the CNT mat composites, obtained under a maximum applied compression pressure of 27 MPa, was 11 904 S $m^{-1}$, where the weight fraction of the CNT mat was 36.5%.

• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.185-191
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• 2009

Polystyrene/multi-walled carbon nanotube (PS/MWCNT) composites were prepared by the use of latex technology. The monodisperse PS latex was synthesized by an emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization from styrene/potassium persulfate/water system in the presence of ethanol. The MWCNTs were first treated with acid mixture to eliminate impurities, dispersed in deionized water driven by ultrasonicator, and then mixed with the PS latex. From these mixtures, PS/MWCNT composites were prepared by freeze-drying and subsequent compression molding. In the small-amplitude oscillatory shear experiments, both complex viscosity and storage modulus increased with increasing MWCNT content. A pronounced effect of MWCNT content was observed, resulting in larger storage modulus and stronger yield behavior at low frequencies when compared to unmodified PS. It showed a transition from viscous to elastic behavior with increasing MWCNT content. Over the MWCNT content of 3 wt%, the storage modulus was higher than the loss modulus across all frequencies.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.239-250
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• 2019

The insertion of femoral implants is the most important phase for surgeons, given the characteristics of the cement during its mixing phase, generating residual stresses of thermal origin that increase the different stresses induced in the bone cement. The aim of our study is to determine the different stresses that affect the cement and more particularly at the cement-implant interface for different temperatures, and to make a comparison with the cement at ambient temperature. It was concluded that, there are a large concentration of stresses in the proximal part of the cement. For normal stresses, the bone cement is affected by stresses of tension and compression due to the effect of polymerization and the contraction of the cement.

• 폴리머
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.332-337
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• 2006

무유화제중합으로 제조된 폴리 (메틸 메타크릴레이트)(PMMA) 시드 고분자 미립자에 가교단량체인 ethylene glycol dimethacrylate(EGDMA), 1,6-hexanedioldiacrylate(HDDA) 또는 그 혼합액을 흡수시키고, 이를 중합하여 단분산 가교고분자 미립자를 제조할 시 1) 흡수된 가교단량체와 시드 고분자 미립자의 중량비 (흡수율) 변화, 2) 가교단량체 혼합액에서의 EGDMA의 함량비 변화 및 3) 중합개시제의 사용량 변화 등에 따라 제조된 단분산 가교고분자 미립자 및 그의 무전해 니켈도금체의 기계적 물성인 탄성복원율, 압축탄성률, 파괴강도 및 파괴변형률의 변화를 micro compression test(MCT)를 사용하여 측정하였다. 이번 연구를 통해 흡수율의 증가는 파괴강도에만 큰 영향을 미쳤으나, EGDMA의 증가, 중합개시제의 증량 및 무전해 니켈도금 실시 등은 압축탄성률 및 파괴 강도에 동시에 큰 영향을 미침을 알 수 있었다.

• 폴리머
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.410-416
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• 2007

무유화제중합으로 제조된 폴리(메틸 메타크릴레이트) (PMMA) 시드 고분자 미립자에 가교단량체인 HDDA (1,6-hexanediol diacrylate), triEGDMA [tri(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate] 또는 triEGDMA와 EGDMA (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate)의 혼합액을 흡수시키고, 이를 중합하여 단분산 가교고분자 미립자를 제조할 시 1) 흡수된 가교단량체와 시드 고분자 미립자의 중량비(흡수율) 변화, 2) 가교단량체의 변화, 3) 무전해 니켈도금 및 4) 무전해 (니켈/금)도금에 따른 단분산 가교고분자 미립자의 기계적 물성인 탄성복원율, 압축탄성률, 파괴강도 및 파괴변형률의 변화를 MCT(micro compression test)를 사용하여 측정하였다. 이번 연구를 통해 가교단량체의 흡수율 증가는 가교고분자 미립자의 파괴강도에만 큰 영향을 미쳤으나, 가교고분자 미립자의 무전해 도금은 도금분체의 탄성복원율 및 파괴강도는 감소시키나, 파괴변형률의 경우에는 거의 영향을 미치지 않으며, 압축탄성률의 경우는 $K_{10}$ 및 $K_{20}$는 크게 증가시키나, $K_{30}$ 이후에는 거의 영향을 미치지 못함을 알 수 있었다.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.435-442
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• 2023

Sports activities, including playing tennis, are popular with many people. As this industry has become more professionalized, investors and those involved in sports are sure to pay attention to any tool that improves athletes' performance Tennis requires perfect coordination between hands, eyes, and the whole body. Consequently, to perform long-term sports, athletes must have enough muscle strength, flexibility, and endurance. Tennis rackets with new frames were manufactured because tennis players' performance depends on their rackets. These rackets are distinguished by their lighter weight. Composite rackets are available in many types, most of which are made from the latest composite materials. During physical exercise with a tennis racket, nanocomposite materials have a significant effect on reducing injuries. Materials as strong as graphite and thermoplastic can be used to produce these composites that include both fiber and filament. Polyamide is a thermoplastic typically used in composites as a matrix. In today's manufacturing process, materials are made more flexible, structurally more vital, and lighter. This paper discusses the production, testing, and structural analysis of a new polyamide/Multi-walled carbon nanotube nanocomposite. This polyamide can be a suitable substitute for other composite materials in the tennis racket frame. By compression polymerization, polyamide was synthesized. The functionalization of Multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) was achieved using sulfuric acid and nitric acid, followed by ultrasonic preparation of nanocomposite materials with weight percentages of 5, 10, and 15. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) confirmed a synthesized nanocomposite structure. Nanocomposites were tested for thermal resistance using the simultaneous thermal analysis (DTA-TG) method. scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was used to determine pores' size, structure, and surface area. An X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) analysis was used to determine their amorphous nature.

• 한국유변학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국유변학회 2002년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.25-27
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• 2002

In this study we investigated the reaction kinetics by a convenient but useful method-rheology to characterize the interface between two immiscible blends with a Reactive compatibilizer. Also, we made an attempt to correlate changes of interface roughness with rheological properties. The blend systems employed in this study was mono-carboxylated polystyrene (PS-mCOOH) and an poly(methyl methacrylate-ran-glycidylmethacrylate) (PMMA-GMA). PS-mCOOH was synthesized by an anionic polymerization and PMMA-GMA by a free radical polymerization. We prepared two plates of each polymer using compression molding with a smooth surface molder, then put one upon another. As soon as these two plates welds together inside a rheometer under nitrogen environment, the torque and moduli were obtained with reaction time at different temperatures. Through the analysis of this modulus change with reaction time, we estimated interfacial reaction and roughening. The increment of modulus in initial state can be correlated to the extent of reaction. We obtained the reaction kinetic constant by fitting appropriate kinetic equation into experimental data. We also showed that increment of modulus in later state was due to by roughened interface.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.188-195
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• 2000

Host Polymer인 Poly(acrylonitrile-co-butadiene) (NBR)과 전도성 고분자인 Polypyrrole (PPY)과의 복합체를 유화 중합법으로 제조하였다. 여러 가지의 유화제 중에서 dodecyl sodium sulfate (DSS)를 사용하여 중합하였을 때 복합체의 전기전도도가 가장 높게 나타났다. 복합체 필름은 압축성형법으로 제조되었으며 복합체의 전기전도도는 전도성고분자의 함량과 온도에 따라 4단자법으로 측정되었다. 제조된 복합체의 전기전도도는 PPY 함량이 25wt%일 때 1.17S/cm까지 증가되었으며 percolation threshold는 PPY의 함량 l5wt% 근처에서 나타났다.