• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.55-65
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• 2017

Earthquake resilience of substations is essential for reliable and sustainable service of electrical grids. The majority of substation equipment consists of cylindrical porcelain components, which are vulnerable to earthquake shakings due to the brittleness of porcelain material. Failure of porcelain equipment has been repeatedly observed in recent earthquakes. Hence, proper seismic modelling of porcelain equipment is important for various limit state checks in both product manufacturing stage and detailed substation design stage. Sheds on porcelain core and cemented joint between porcelain component and metal cap have significant effects on the dynamic properties of the equipment, however, such effects have not been adequately parameterized in existing design guidelines. This paper addresses this critical issue by developing a method for taking these two effects into account in seismic modelling based on numerical and analytical approaches. Equations for estimating the effects of sheds and cemented joint on flexural stiffness are derived, respectively, by regression analyses based on the results of 12 pieces of full-scale equipment in 500kV class or higher. The proposed modelling technique has further been validated by shaking table tests.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권12B호
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• pp.1044-1048
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 중복 객체를 사용하는 FTOG(Fault-tolerant Object Group) 모델 기반의 회복서비스를 제안한다. 분산 시스템 환경에서 객체의 고장 발생시 시스템의 전체 고장 상태를 초래하여 신뢰성 있는 서비스를 제공하지 못할 수 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 고장이 발생할 경우 고장 발견자를 사용하여 고장을 인지하고, 다른 서비스 객체를 실행시키는 회복서비스를 제안한다. 또한 가상의 홈네트워크 환경에 FTOG 모델을 적용시켜 시뮬레이션을 통해 분산되어 있는 객체들의 관리와 고장 발견자를 사용하여 고장 발생시 중복 객체 메커니즘에 의한 회복 과정 등 본 모델의 안정성 및 신뢰성을 검증한다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 제36회 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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• pp.48-50
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• 2005

New environment change of electric power system focused in consumer's energy supply and demand. But electric power reliability preservation and reliability improvement countermeasure also need for long-term. It is need that change equipments that is composing electric power system in well-timed time and by maintaining, prevent breakdown beforehand and prevent consumer's power interruption by equipment fail. However, as only quantitative estimation is available by reliability estimation method that is presented in existing, it is no to use in dictionary fault prevention. Therefore, applied optimum reliability preservation through existent equipment fault data analysis of electric power system in equipment replace side, and this when maintain equipment replace of electric power system for reliability preservation using responsiveness analysis to base ordering evaluate. In existing about main equipment plain that this paper is power system the valued failure rate use this by score and precedence of electric power system equipment for replace of system considered expense.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.309-317
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• 1992

Evaluation of electroplated gold has been carried out to obtain the data base for electrical, mechanical and environmental properties for telecommunication component applications. Gold plating was performed to a various thickness of $0.1\mu\textrm{m}$ to 1.$25\mu\textrm{m}$ after Ni plating of $3\mu\textrm{m}$ on C52100 bronze. Electrical properties were evaluated by measuring contact resistance using 4-wire method under static contact and dynamic contact during wear. Reciprocating wear test was performed to study the wear behavior as well as failure of gold contacts. Environmental characteristics were evaluated by using salt spray testing and SO2 test. Hardness of soft gold film was measured to be 53KHN under 5g load. Friction coefficient was initially obtained to be 0.15 and 0.25 under 100g and 200g loads respectively, and then raised up to 0.8 with increasing reciprocating wear cycles. Static contact resistance was 2 to 3m$\Omega$ regardless of gold film thickness while drastic changes of contact resistance were occured upon stripping of the gold film during wear. The lifetime of contact wear showing stable contact resistance increased up to 6 times for $1\mu\textrm{m}$ thickness compared to that of$ 0.1\mu\textrm{m}$ thickness under 100g load. All gold plating appeared to be stable under salt atmosphere while only the gold plating over 1$\mu\textrm{m}$ was stable under SO2 atmosphere.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.40-55
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• 1991

To investigate the influence of cross section geometries on the behavior of composite beams in the case of small span to depth ratio and deep beams. the static flexural behavior of composite I-beams and Box- beams was evaluated. 12 types of composite I -beams composed of LVL flanges and particleboard or plywood web and 3 types of composite Box-beams composed of LVL flanges and plywood web were tested under one-point loading. The load-deflection curves were almost linear to failure, therefore, the behavior of tested composite beams was elastic. The theoretical flexural rigidity of composite beams was calculated and compared with observed flexural rigidity. The highest value was found in I-W type beams and the lowest value was found in G-P type beams. The difference between theoretical and observed flexural rigidity was small. Theoretical total deflection of tested composite beams was calculated using flexural rigidity and compared with actual deflection. Shear deflection of these beams was evaluated by the approximation method, solid crosss section method and elementary method. The difference between actual deflection and expected deflection was not found in D, E and F type beams. This defference was small in G, H and I type beams or Box-beam.

• 한국신뢰성학회지:신뢰성응용연구
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.171-182
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• 2010

The reliability prediction analysis is a feedback tool that designer uses to provide insight into the component designs. This insight may indicate sensitive components within the design. This paper examines predicted failure rates for hybrid dc-dc converter for spacecraft using MIL-HDBK-217F prediction methodology. The results from part count/stress analysis represent priority components that affect the converter failures. The high priority components are analyzed to find out stress factor based on MIL-HDBK-217F. This information provides an opportunity for designer to improve the reliability of the product in development process.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.231-241
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• 2014

Ductile fracture is one of the most common failure modes of steel beam-to-column connections in moment resisting frames. Most proposed evaluation methods of the plastic deformation capacity of a beam until ductile fracture are based on steel beam tests, where the material's yield strength/ratio, the beam's moment gradient, and loading history are the most important parameters. It is impossible and unpractical to cover all these parameters in real tests. Therefore, a new attempt to evaluate a beam's plastic deformation capacity through analysis is introduced in this paper. Another important issue is about the loading histories. Recent years, the effect on the structural component under long-duration ground motion has drawn great attentions. Steel beams tends to experience a large number of loading cycles with small amplitudes during long-duration earthquakes. However, current research often focuses on the beam's behavior under standard incremental loading protocols recommended by respective countries. In this paper, the plastic deformation capacity of steel beams subjected to long duration ground motions was evaluated through analytical methodology.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제64권2호
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• pp.254-259
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• 2015

On January 30, 2012 an auxiliary component of Byron Unit 2 was tripped on bus under voltage. The cause of the event was the failure of the C-phase insulator track for the Unit 2 station auxiliary transformer(SAT) revenue metering transformer. In addition to this event, other events have occurred at other plants resulting in an open-phase condition.[1] Therefore, Nuclear Regulatory Commission(NRC) has requested that not only nuclear power plant(NPP) operating company but also its Design Certification(DC) applicant have to prepare open-phase detecting system in their operating plants and design document. In this paper, various open-phase conditions are simulated in NPP using Electromagnetic Transient Program(EMTP) and Atpdraw, and open-phase condition detecting system is proposed for Main Transformer(MT), Unit Auxiliary Transformer(UAT) and SAT connected power line in NPP.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.125-137
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• 2003

The use of screw-retaind prosthesis on an osseointegrated implant is a popular treatment modality offering relative ease in the removal of the restoration. One of the complications associated with this modality is the loosening of the abutment and coping screws. Loosening of the screws results in patient dissatisfaction, frustration to the dentist and, if left untreated, component fracture. There are several factors which contribute to the loosening of implant components which can be controlled by the restorative dentist and lab technician. This article offers pratical solutions to minimize this clinical problem and describes the factors involved in maintaining a stable screw joint assembly. To avoid joint failure, adherence to specific clinical, as well as mechanical, parameters is critical. With respect to hardware, optimal tolerance and fit, minimal rotational play, best physical properties, a predictable interface, and optimal torque application are mandatory. In the clinical arena, optimal implant distribution; load in line with implant axis; optimal number, diameter, and length of implants; elimination of cantilevers; optimal prosthesis fit; and occlusal load control are equally important.

• 항공우주기술
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.208-216
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• 2004

항공기 전기체 구조시험에 사용되는 기존의 과하중 방지모듈의 성능을 개량하여 고성능의 과하중방지 모듈을 개발하였다. 항공기 전기체 구조시험 수행시에는 예기치 않은 오류(자연재해로 인한 정전사고, 시험체의 파손, 설계강도 미달로 인한 시험정지 등)로 인해 시험하중보다 큰 하중이 시험체에 가해질 수 있다. 이 때 발생한 과하중을 해소하여 시험체를 파손으로부터 보호하는 과하중 방지기능이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 상용의 기존 과하중 방지모듈에 대해 구성요소별로 기능을 살펴보고, 기존 제품을 이용하여 구조시험을 수행하는 도중 나타난 문제점을 분석하였다. 또한, 기존 과하중 방지모듈이 갖고 있는 문제점을 개선한 고성능 과하중 방지모듈의 개발에 대해 기술하였다.