• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.207-210
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• 2005

Coating performance of various coating systems including chlorinated rubber and epoxy/urethane used most for steel structures of highway in Korea, was evaluated by exposing test specimen to complex deterioration factors such as ultraviolet ray, moisture, freeze-thaw cycle and salt. Deteriorated specimens were evaluated by chalking and rust grades according to ASTM, and measurement of color differences and adhesion. In overall coating performances such as corrosion resistance, photochemical stability, and adhesion, ceramic/ urethane, moisture-curable urethane/ urethane, etc. were superior. As for other coating materials tested in this study, superior materials against certain deterioration factors may be inferior against other factors. Accordingly, in order to select suitable maintenance coating materials for the use, it is thought that investigation of suitability through experiment should precede selection of materials, especially for unusual coatings or paints.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.221-224
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• 2004

Several factors of concrete durability decline factor are acted as complex deterioration and is happened not that happen by simplicity deterioration. Specially, in case of sea construction, as complex salt damage, carbonation and freezing & thawing, concrete surface and pore structure is deteriorated. Therefore, analyzing concrete carbonation and pore structure after freezing and thawing test by fresh water and sea water in this research, we wish to study about acceleration of decline of durability and complex deterioration by concrete surface deterioration in sea environment.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.86-89
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• 2003

It is recognized that reinforcement corrosion is the main distress behind the present concern regarding concrete durability. In this study, to confirm corrosion of reinforced concrete affected by thickness of cover, kinds of surface coating, measured electric potential, ratio of corrosion area, weight reduction, corrosion velocity of steel bar under environment of complex deterioration. The results showed that an increase in age also increases corrosion of steel bar. Ratio of corrosion area is largely related to ratio of weight reduction. as well, corrosion of steel bar by thickness of cover is superior to l0mm thick than 20mm thick. It showed that an increase in thickness of cover prevent steel bar from deteriorating. The results of this study showed that corrosion velocity was affected by thickness of cover, kinds of surface coating. data on the development of corrosion velocity made with none, organic B, organic A, inorganic B, and inorganic A is shown.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.44-45
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• 2017

There are various national standards designed to test the physical properties of waterproofing materials for the respective countries based on each of their environmental parameters, variables and requirements. The problems of these standard systems can be outlined in the following: (1) there are too many test methods and criteria to satisfy in order assess one waterproofing membrane system, and (2) there is currently no known method to compile the separate testing results to provide a comprehensive report on waterproofing system durability. This paper outlines and compares the performance testing results of various types of asphalt waterproofing membrane systems and discusses the potentials of a complex environmental deterioration analysis method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.11a
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• pp.38-39
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• 2021

Recently, 67% of defect and tenant lawsuits were identified as leaks due to cracks. In particular, when the final finish of the roof of a building is designed with base concrete, complex deterioration occurs due to the harsh environment such as shrinkage and expansion due to external temperature changes, freezing and thawing, and the use of calcium chloride due to snow accumulation. Therefore, it is intended to secure long-term durability by reducing cracks in the base concrete by using waste fibers, which are industrial by-products.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.756-759
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• 2017

The productivity of cultivated crops in Korea is low compared to the Netherlands, which is an advanced agricultural country. In addition, modernization of facility and complex environmental control technology are needed to overcome poor growth and productivity deterioration caused by shortage of sunshine, abnormal temperature and high temperature due to abnormal climate. On the other hand, domestic facility horticulture complex environmental control is a level of machine automation that can check the internal situation of a green house with a cell phone and remotely operate a sprinkler, heat cover, curtain, ventilator, Therefore, this paper suggests the development of optimum environment control technology for facility horticulture based on the growth model and the cultivation technology knowledge base in order to realize the automation of optimal complex environment control and contribute to improvement of quality and productivity of cultivated crops.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.61-68
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• 2014

This study aims at proposing a sound and sustainable development direction of an residential environment by analyzing testimonies of residents who lived in Park Hill flats or their surround at Sheffield City in the United Kingdom. The results are obtained through the analysis on a residential environment of Park Hill flats, opinions of the residents on its refurbishment, and effects of the building on the residential environment. The block of Park Hill flats was a community with a strong unity and solidarity, but that became increasingly a slum by the decline of the physical and social environment since the 1980s. In particular, it was identified that the deterioration of the social environment than that of the physical environment was a major cause of the decline. Nevertheless, it was found that "streets in the sky", the concept applied in Park Hill, played a key role in activating the community in the apartment complex. However, that street system in the complex has caused noise, poor security, and invasion of privacy. If such problems are solved, the streets in the sky will be a meaningful alternative for community activation and then ensuring sustainability in Korean residential environments that lost the function of the community.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.11-22
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• 2024

Rapid urbanization has led to the decline of local communities in old city centers and the deterioration of school facilities, resulting in an increased need for school complexes. School complexes are currently growing, with various policies being proposed. However, integrating additional facilities into the existing infrastructure in schools can lead to a range of issues. To mitigate these issues, additional traffic flow paths and complex integration strategies are required. This study categorizes school complex projects into various types based on themes and examines the relationships between each type and community revitalization factors. Through this analysis, the study recommends desirable directions for the implementation of elementary school complex projects to revitalize local communities.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.53-61
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• 2009

In this study, both evaluations by visual imaging for exterior view of coating and by EIS were executed for epoxy primer coated specimens deteriorated by accelerated test, and comparison and analysis were carried out for 2 evaluation methods. In the comparison between total damaged area ratio acquired by image processing method and deterioration point, higher deterioration points were appeared for rusted specimens than for non-rusted specimens. It is attributed that deterioration point per unit area ratio given for rust is higher than for peeling. In the comparison between total damaged area ratio and EIS result, impedance of coating was largely decreased as about TEX>$10^4{\Omega}{\cdot}cm^2$ or less when rust area ratio is more than about 0.1%, and blistering area ratio is more than about 3%. Charge transfer resistance ($R_{ct}$) and double layer capacitance ($C_{dl}$) values were appeared for all specimens except 2 ones, which shows that water is accumulated and steel substrate is corroded at coated film-steel interface. In the comparison between deterioration point and EIS result, more than 10 points as deterioration point were given for specimens of below $10^6{\Omega}{\cdot}cm^2$ of impedance at low frequency. For specimens deteriorated by NORSOK cyclic test, impedance was lowest of all, though deterioration point was not high. It is thought to be attributed that coating system and accelerated deterioration condition of cyclic tested specimens were different from those of main specimens. From the result, it is thought that coating resistance can be relatively more decreased than deterioration degree estimated from exterior view under more severe corrosion environment or in the present of more complex deterioration factors.

• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.167-171
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• 2011

Managing apartments is critical not only to handling the physical deterioration over time, but also to the quality of community life, social environment and ultimately residents' satisfaction with the housing environment. Therefore, this study aims at understanding residents' awareness of apartment management, and finding the relationship between management activities and residents' satisfaction and participation by comparing an apartment with active management and an apartment without it. This study examines 1) management activities of two subject apartment complexes, and 2) how management activities affect residents' participation and satisfaction. Surveys were conducted of the residents, and SPSS statistics package was utilized to analyze the survey data. This study found that management activities of apartment complex have positive influence on residents' participation and satisfaction with their housing environment. The results of this study can be utilized as basic materials to develop effective guidelines and manual from the perspective of environmental management of apartment houses, in order to improve the participation of the residents in the apartment management.