• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.339-343
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• 2007

Varicella is a contagious infection in childhood disease typically affecting children aged 2-8 years and usually follows benign outcome. In the adult, clinical presentation is more severe and more commonly associated with complications. Varicella pneumonia, although rare, is a potentially life-threatening complication that should be suspected in any adult with varicella and respiratory symptoms. We report a case of varicella pneumonia in immunocompetent patient. The characteristic radiographic findings consisted of diffuse scattered coarse nodular infiltrations, less than 1cm sized, with ground glass opacity and consolidation in both lung fields. The patients was started on intravenous acyclovir. The chest radiograph performed 2 weeks later showed complete resolution of the pulmonary lesions.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.1563-1575
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• 1997

To understand EHD nucleate boiling heat transfer enhancement, EHD effects on R-113 nucleate boiling heat transfer in a non-uniform electric field were investigated. The pool boiling heat transfer and the dynamic behavior of bubbles in d.c./a.c. electric fields under a saturated or subcooled boiling were studied by using a plate-wire electrode and a high speed camera. From the pool boiling heat transfer study, the shift of the pool boiling curve, the increase of the heat transfer and the delay of ONB and CHF points to higher heat fluxes were observed. From the dynamic behavior of bubbles, it was observed that bubbles departed away from the whole surface of the heated wire in radial direction due to EHD effects by a nonuniform electric field. With increasing applied voltages, the bubble size decreased and the active nucleation site and the departure number of bubbles showed the different trend. The present study indicates that the EHD nucleate boiling heat transfer is closely connection with the dynamic behavior of bubbles and the secondary flow induced near the heated surface. Therefore, the basic studies on the bubble behavior such as bubble frequency, bubble diameter, bubble velocity and flow characteristics are necessary for complete understanding of the enhancement mechanism of the boiling heat transfer using an electric field.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.30-39
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• 2001

The direct injection into the cylinders has been regarded as a way of the reduction in fuel consumption and pollutant emissions. The spray produced by the high pressure injector is of paramount importance in DISI(Direct Injection Spark Ignition) engines in that the primary atomization process must meet the requirement of quick and complete evaporation, mixing with air and combustion especially to prohibit the excessive HC emissions. The interaction between air flow and fuel spray was investigated in a steady flow system embodied in a wind tunnel to simulate the variety of flow inside the cylinder of the DISI engine. The direct Mie scattered and shadowgraph images presented the macroscopic view of the liquid sprays and vapor fields. The velocity and particle size of fuel droplets were investigated by phase doppler anenometer(PDA) system. The processes of atomization and evaporation with a DISI injector were observed and consequently utilized to construct the data-base for the spray and fuel-air mixing mechanism as a function of the flow characteristics.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.170-173
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• 2005

A 4-year-old female Shunauzer dog was referred to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Chungbuk National University due to anorexia and depression. The dog had a history of regular walking on grass fields, weight loss, and hyperthermia $(40.6^{\circ}C)$. In the physical examination, lymph node enlargement was confirmed. Complete blood count result revealed leukocytosis and thrombocytopenia but there was no decreasing of red blood cells. On blood chemistry, serum ALP, GGT, CPK, and LDH were elevated. Abdominal radiograph showed splenomegaly. Anaplasma platys infection was suspected with inclusion body-like substances in platelets on blood smear. Anaplasma platys was confirmed by PCR. On the basis of laboratory examination, final diagnosis was anaplasmosis. Treatment was followed for 3 months with tetracycline and doxycycline. The patient was monitored every week during the treatment. The patient has recovered to normal condition without any clinical signs. We are going to emphasize the need of PCR technique in diagnosis and to report the possibility of long term treatment more than two months in rickettial disease.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.43 no.2 s.146
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• pp.228-235
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• 2006

Nowadays, digital manufacturing has been known to be very effective method in manufacturing fields. It is aimed to estimate process time, to improve operation efficiency, and to prevent bottleneck processes in advance of real manufacturing. This paper addresses a scheduling support system for panel hues in a shipyard through digital manufacturing simulation. The proposed system supports operators to make better decisions on the shop-floor scheduling in panel lines. It ,would provide a complete schedule that is at least as good as any schedule currently obtained. Furthermore, it can evaluate the operator's schedule by simulating it with 3-dimensional models before the work orders and schedules are released.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.511-520
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• 2010

In general, spot welding is used at no welding rod or flux for the process, low welding point temperature compared to arc welding, short heating time, less damage to the parent material, and low deformation and residual stress, relatively. Also, because of the pressurization effect, better mechanical qualities of the welding parts are obtained. Therefore, in various fields of industry its rapid operation speed can make mass production possible such as motor industry. In FEM analysis for the spot welding process, it is effective to use simple modeling rather than complicated one because of its numerous number of spots and reduction of analysis time. Therefore, this study provides with not only simplification of modeling analysis by using beam component composition of structure without re-compositing the spot welding point mesh but also modeling analysis of which property of fracture strength is reflected. In addition complete spot welding model is examined at rectangular post shape (hat shape) by impact test, compared the results, and verified its validity. As a result, it is possible to optimize the welding position and to recognize the strength of structure and the proposed equal distance model shows the effect of welding point reduction and improvement of stiffness.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.39
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• pp.10.1-10.5
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• 2017

Background: Because of changing surgical procedures in the fields of oral and maxillofacial surgery, new methods for surgical education are needed and could include recent advances in digital technology. Many doctors have attempted to use digital technology as educational tools for surgical training, and movies have played an important role in these attempts. We have been using a 3D full high-definition (full-HD) camcorder to record movies of intraoral surgeries. Method: The subjects were medical students and doctors receiving surgical training who did not have actual surgical experience (n = 67). Participants watched an 8-min, 2D movie of orthognathic surgery and subsequently watched the 3D version. After watching the 3D movie, participants were asked to complete a questionnaire. Result: A lot of participants (84%) felt a 3D movie excellent or good and answered that the advantages of a 3D movie were their appearance of solidity or realism. Almost all participants (99%) answered that 3D movies were quite useful or useful for medical practice. Conclusions: Three-dimensional full-HD movies have the potential to improve the quality of medical education and clinical practice in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.439-451
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• 2009

The paper deals with the problem related to the modelling of riveted assemblies for crashworthiness analysis of full-scale complete aircraft structures. Comparisons between experiments and standard FE computations on high-energy accidental situations onto aluminium riveted panels show that macroscopic plastic strains are not sufficiently localised in the FE shells connected to rivet elements. The main reason is related to the structural embrittlement caused by holes, which are currently not modelled. Consequently, standard displacement FE models do not succeed in initialising and propagating the rupture in sheet metal plates and along rivet rows as observed in the experiments. However, the literature survey show that it is possible to formulate super-elements featuring defects that both give accurate singular strain fields and are compatible with standard displacement finite elements. These super-elements can be related to the displacement model of the hybrid-Trefftz principle of the finite element method, which is a kind of domain decomposition method. A feature of hybrid-Trefftz finite elements is that they are mainly used for elastic computations. It is thus proposed to investigate the possibility of formulating a hybrid displacement finite element, including the effects of a hole, dedicated to crashworthiness analysis of full-scale aeronautic structures.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.95-101
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• 2007

Focusing on complex diseases of public health significance, strategic issues regarding the on-going Korean Genome Cohort were reviewed: target size and diseases, measurements, study design issues, and follow-up strategy of the cohort. Considering the epidemiologic characteristics of Korean population as well as strengths and drawbacks of current research environment, we tried to tailor the experience of other existing cohorts into proposals for this Korean study. Currently 100,000 individuals have been participating the new Genome Cohort in Korea. Target size of de novo collection is recommended to be set as between 300,000 to 500,000. This target size would allow acceptable power to detect genetic and environmental factors of moderate effect size and possible interactions between them. Family units and/or special subgroups are recommended to parallel main body of adult individuals to increase the overall efficiency of the study. Given that response rate to the conventional re-contact method may not be satisfactory, successful follow-up is the main key to the achievement of the Korean Genome Cohort. Access to the central database such as National Health Insurance data can provide enormous potential for near-complete case detection. Efforts to build consensus amongst scientists from broad fields and stakeholders are crucial to unleash the centralized database as well as to refine the commitment of this national project.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.297-320
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• 2005

In recent years the pure displacement formulation for plate elements has not been as popular as other formulations. We revisit the pure displacement formulation for shear-deformable plate elements and propose a family of N-node, displacement-compatible, fully-integrated, pure-displacement, triangular, Mindlin plate elements, MIN-N. The development has been motivated by the relative simplicity of the pure displacement formulation and by the success of the existing 3-node plate element, MIN3. The formulation of MIN3 is generalized to obtain the MIN-N family, which possesses complete, fully compatible kinematic fields, in which the interpolation functions for transverse displacement are one degree higher than those for rotations. General element-level formulas for the thin-limit Kirchhoff constraints are developed. The 6-node, 18 degree-of-freedom element MIN6, with cubic displacement and quadratic rotations, is implemented and tested extensively. Numerical results show that MIN6 exhibits good performance for both static and dynamic analyses in the linear, elastic regime. The results illustrate that the fully-integrated MIN6 element has excellent performance in the thin limit, even for coarse meshes, and that it does not require shear relaxation.