• East Asian mathematical journal
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.175-181
• /
• 2000

In this paper we show fixed point theorems related with the diameter of orbit on metric spaces. The results presented in this paper extend, improve and unify the results of $Heged\"{u}s$ [1], Kim, Kim, Leem and Ume [2], Kim and Leem [3], Ohta and Nikaido [4] and $Taskovi\'{c}$ [5].

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
• /
• 제46권2호
• /
• pp.201-209
• /
• 2006

Suppose C is a nonempty closed convex subset of a real uniformly convex Banach space X. Let T : $C{\rightarrow}C$ be an asymptotically nonexpansive in the intermediate sense mapping. In this paper we introduced the three-step iterative sequence for such map with error members. Moreover, we prove that, if T is completely continuous then the our iterative sequence converges strongly to a fixed point of T.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 1993년도 Fifth International Fuzzy Systems Association World Congress 93
• /
• pp.1078-1081
• /
• 1993

The Objective of this paper is to provide fuzzy control designers with a design tool for stable fuzzy logic controllers. Given multiple sets of data disturbed by vagueness uncertainty, we generate the implicative rules that guarantee stability and robustness of closed-loop fuzzy dynamic systems. We propose the cell-state transition method which utilizes Hsu's cell-to-cell mapping concept [1]. As a result, a generic and implementable design methodology for obtaining a fuzzy feedback gain K, a fuzzy hypercube [2], is provided and illustrated with simple examples.

• 대한수학회논문집
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.365-372
• /
• 2010

In this paper, we show that the mapping ${\varphi}(x)\;=\;0*x$ is an endomorphism of a Q-algebra X, which induces a congruence relation "~" such that X/$\varphi$ is a medial Q-algebra. We also study some decompositions of ideals in Q-algebras and obtain equivalent conditions for closed ideals. Moreover, we show that if I is an ideal of a Q-algebra X, then $I^g$ is an ignorable ideal of X.

• 한국통신학회논문지
• /
• 제27권10A호
• /
• pp.962-968
• /
• 2002

무선통신 환경의 한정된 주파수 자원에서 신뢰성 있는 고속의 통신방식이 요구되고 있다. 직교 진폭 변조 (QAM) 는 대역폭의 증가없이 고속의 데이터 처리가 가능한 유용한 변조 방식이다. 이제까지 사각형(rectangular) 직교 진폭 변조 (R-QAM) 신호의 일반화된 BER 식은 유도된바 없다. 이 논문에서는 가산성 백색 가우시안 잡음 환경에서 그레이 부호화된 R-QAM의 일반화된 closed-from 형태의 EBR식을 유도하고 분석한다. 먼저 I-ary PAN 신호에 대하여 Irk 4, 8, 16 일 때의 유도하고 이 결과들로부터 유도 과정의 규칙성을 찾아내며, 그 규칙성들로부터 임의의 I-ary PAM 신호에 대한 일반화된 BER 식을 유도한다. R-QAM 신호는 각각 독립적인 동상 성분의 I-ary PAM 과 직교 성분의 J-ary PAM으로 구성되기 때문에 I-ary PAM 의 일반화된 BER 식으로부터 R-QAM 신호에 대한 일반화된 BER 식을 구한다. 또한 SNR이 높을 때에 지배적인 항을 고려한 간단한 근사식도 유도한다.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.193-199
• /
• 2013

This work investigates the orbital perturbations of the cubesats that lie on LEO due to Earth albedo. The motivation for this paper originated in the investigation of the orbital perturbations for closed- Earth pico-satellites due to the sunlight reflected by the Earth (the albedo). Having assumed that the Sun lies on the equator, the albedo irradiance is calculated using a numerical model in which irradiance depends on the geographical latitude, longitude and altitude of the satellite. However, in the present work the longitude dependency is disregarded. Albedo force and acceleration components are formulated using a detailed model in a geocentric equatorial system in which the Earth is an oblate spheroid. Lagrange planetary equations in its Gaussian form are used to analyze the orbital changes when $e{\neq}0$ and $i{\neq}0$. Based on the Earth's reflectivity data measured by NASA Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS project), the orbital perturbations are calculated for some cubesats. The outcome of the numerical test shows that the albedo force has a significant contribution on the orbital perturbations of the pico-satellite which can affect the satellite life time.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.83-94
• /
• 2003

Let K be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space H. Approximation solvability of a system of nonlinear variational inequality (SNVI) problems, based on the convergence of projection methods, is given as follows: find elements $x^*,\;y^*{\in}H$ such that $g(x^*),\;g(y^*){\in}K$ and $$<\;{\rho}T(y^*)+g(x^*)-g(y^*),\;g(x)-g(x^*)\;{\geq}\;0\;{\forall}\;g(x){\in}K\;and\;for\;{\rho}>0$$ $$<\;{\eta}T(x^*)+g(y^*)-g(x^*),\;g(x)-g(y^*)\;{\geq}\;0\;{\forall}g(x){\in}K\;and\;for\;{\eta}>0,$$ where T: $H\;{\rightarrow}\;H$ is a relaxed $g-{\gamma}-r-cocoercive$ and $g-{\mu}-Lipschitz$ continuous nonlinear mapping on H and g: $H{\rightarrow}\;H$ is any mapping on H. In recent years general variational inequalities and their algorithmic have assumed a central role in the theory of variational methods. This two-step system for nonlinear variational inequalities offers a great promise and more new challenges to the existing theory of general variational inequalities in terms of applications to problems arising from other closely related fields, such as complementarity problems, control and optimizations, and mathematical programming.

• 로봇학회논문지
• /
• 제9권3호
• /
• pp.154-159
• /
• 2014

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is widely used to aid the navigation of aerial vehicles. However, the GPS cannot be used indoors, so alternative navigation methods are needed to be developed for micro aerial vehicles (MAVs) flying in GPS-denied environments. In this paper, a real-time three-dimensional (3-D) indoor navigation system and closed-loop control of a quad-rotor aerial vehicle equipped with an inertial measurement unit (IMU) and a low-cost light detection and ranging (LIDAR) is presented. In order to estimate the pose of the vehicle equipped with the two-dimensional LIDAR, an octree-based grid map and Monte-Carlo Localization (MCL) are adopted. The navigation results using the MCL are then evaluated by making a comparison with a motion capture system. Finally, the results are used for closed-loop control in order to validate its positioning accuracy during procedures for stable hovering and waypoint-following.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
• /
• 제38권11호
• /
• pp.41-48
• /
• 2001

이제까지 임의의 M에 대한 M진 직교 진폭 변조 신호에 대하여 일반화된 closed-form BER 표현식은 구하여진 바 없다. 이 논문에서는 가산성 백색 가우시안 잡음 환경에서 정방형 M진 직교 진폭 변조 신호의 일반화된 비트 오류 확률식을 유도하고 분석한다. M이 16, 64, 256일 때의 직교 진폭 변조 신호의 비트 오류 확률식 결과로부터 유도 과정의 규칙성을 찾아내고, 그 규칙성으로부터 임의의 M에 대한 일반화된 비트오류 확률 표현식을 유도하고 분석한다.

• 대한수학회논문집
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.467-489
• /
• 1994

Let $\Omega$ be a closed and bounded polygonal domain in R$^2$, or a closed line segment in R$^1$ with boundary $\Gamma$, such that there exists an invertible mapping T : $\Omega$ \longrightarrow $\Omega$ with the following correspondence: x$\in$$\Omega$ ↔ x = T(x) $\in$$\Omega$, (1.1) and (1.2) t $\in$ U$\sub$p/($\Omega$) ↔ t = to T$\^$-1/ $\in$ U$\sub$p/($\Omega$), where $\Omega$ denotes the corresponding reference elements I = [-1,1] and I ${\times}$ I in R$^1$ and R$^2$ respectively, (1.3) U$\sub$p/($\Omega$) = {t : t is a polynomial of degree $\leq$ p in each variable on $\Omega$}, and (1.4) U$\sub$p/($\Omega$) = {t : t = to T $\in$ U$\sub$p/($\Omega$)}.(omitted)