• PNF and Movement
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.263-273
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• 2022

Purpose: Translation and adaptation involve cross-cultural and conceptual aspects; they are not simply based on linguistic equivalence. This study aimed to produce a conceptually equivalent Korean version of the motor activity log (K-MAL) for the upper extremities that can be applied across the Korean population and its cultures. Methods: Following the procedures used in the translation of other cross-cultural evaluation tools, and the five steps of the translation process, the motor activity log (MAL) was translated into Korean (K-MAL). We then examined the content validity of the K-MAL. Twenty-two rehabilitation professionals (11 males and 11 females, mean length of clinical career = 101.54 months) assessed the content validity of the K-MAL. The content validity ratio and content validity index were used to verify the content validity. Results: There were inconsistencies found in three sub-items in the MAL during the forward translation process. These inconsistencies were corrected, and the complete K-MAL was produced. The exact critical values of the content validity ratio and the content validity index of the K-MAL were 0.45-0.95 and 0.77-1.00, respectively. Conclusion: The K-MAL was successfully developed using a systematic methodology, which included translation, adaptation, and evaluation of the content validity. We expect that stroke rehabilitation professionals working in both clinical and research settings will apply the K-MAL when evaluating the amount and quality of use of the upper extremities in post-stroke patients in Korea.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.237-243
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• 2020

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of a Tanner-Whitehouse 3 (TW3)-based fully automated bone age assessment system on hand-wrist radiographs of Korean children and adolescents. Materials and Methods: Hand-wrist radiographs of 80 subjects (40 boys and 40 girls, 7-15 years of age) were collected. The clinical efficacy was evaluated by comparing the bone ages that were determined using the system with those from the reference standard produced by 2 oral and maxillofacial radiologists. Comparisons were conducted using the paired t-test and simple regression analysis. Results: The bone ages estimated with this bone age assessment system were not significantly different from those obtained with the reference standard (P>0.05) and satisfied the equivalence criterion of 0.6 years within the 95% confidence interval (-0.07 to 0.22), demonstrating excellent performance of the system. Similarly, in the comparisons of gender subgroups, no significant difference in bone age between the values produced by the system and the reference standard was observed (P>0.05 for both boys and girls). The determination coefficients obtained via regression analysis were 0.962, 0.945, and 0.952 for boys, girls, and overall, respectively (P=0.000); hence, the radiologist-determined bone ages and the system-determined bone ages were strongly correlated. Conclusion: This TW3-based system can be effectively used for bone age assessment based on hand-wrist radiographs of Korean children and adolescents.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.475-488
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• 2011

Purpose: The aims of the study were to develop and to establish reliability in Korean versions of World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0(KWHODAS 2.0): 12 item-self(12-self) and 12 item-interviewer(12-interviewer) versions. Methods: KWHODAS 2.0: 12-item versions were developed in idiomatic modern Korean with a process involving independent translation, synthesis of the translations, independent back translation, and review by an expert committee to achieve equivalence with the original English. 88 participants were included in the study. 33 of participants filled the 12-self version twice to examine test-retest reliability and 55 of participants were assessed simultaneously by four interviewers using the 12-interviewer version. Intra-rater reliability was evaluated using the intra-class correlation coefficient(ICC) and inter-rater reliability was evaluated using both the ICC and k statistic. Results: Test-retest reliability for the 12-self version was excellent with $ICC_{(2,1)}$ value ranged from 0.94(CI 0.88-0.98) to 0.96(CI 0.90-0.98). Inter-rater reliability for the 12-interviewer version showed excellent agreement with $ICC_{(2,1)}$ from 0.94(CI 0.91-0.96) to 1(CI 1.0-1.0). K value was observed from 0.95 to 1. Conclusion: KWHODAS 2.0: 12-self and 12-interviewer versions were successfully translated and both scales showed excellent reliability. It is now suitable for use in clinical and research applications.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the reliability and validity of a Korean version of the Critical Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) developed for assessment of pain in critically ill nonverbal patients. Methods: Data were collected from a convenience sample of 30 critically ill patients admitted to a medical ICU in a hospital. The CPOT was tested at before, during and 20 minutes after changing a position and suction. Upon establishment of content and translation equivalence between the English and Korean version of CPOT. Results: The interrater reliability was found to be acceptable with the kappa coefficients of .76-1. The construct validity of the pain scores were increased from 0.43 to 2.5 in changing a position (t=-8.60, p<.001)and 0.1 to 3.23 (t=-9.36, p<.001) in suctioning. The pain scores were decreased from 6.06 to 4.01 in changing a position (t=-10.19, p<.001) and 6.45 to 4.13 (t=-10.39, p<.001) in suctioning. The concurrent validity the correlations between pain scores and physiological indicators, and a increased in Heart rate before and after changing a position (r=.65, p<.001). Conclusion: The CPOT can be used as a reliable and valid measure to assess pain in critically ill nonverbal a medical ICU patients.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제24권10호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2019

본 연구는 기관 내 삽관 수행 시 성공률에 영향을 미치는 신체적 요인에 대해 알아보기 위한 비동등성 단일군 사후 유사 실험연구이다. 연구결과 기관 내 삽관을 성공적으로 수행한 시간과 신체적 요인은 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 기관 내 삽관 수행 시 수행자의 팔의 각도는 수행시간에 영향을 미쳤으며, 팔의 각도가 좁아질수록 수행시간이 짧아지는 결과를 보였다. 기관 내 삽관 수행 시 수행자의 팔의 각도를 줄일 수 있도록 노력한다면 성공적인 기관 내 삽관을 시행할 수 있을 것이다. 하지만 다양한 환경 및 직군에 대한 추가적인 후속 연구를 통해 임상적 활용의 가능성을 확인해야 할 것이다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.331-341
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• 2022

This systematic review evaluates current evidence regarding the feasibility of using needleless jet injection instead of a conventional local anesthetic needle. EBSCO, ProQuest, PubMed, and Scopus databases were used to identify relevant literature published in English from 2005 to 2020. Ten studies were selected. Five of them were randomized clinical trials, 3 case-control studies, and 2 equivalence trials. Using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program checklist, 6 studies scored between 67% and 100%, and 4 studies scored between 34% and 66%. According to Jadad's scale, 2 studies were considered strong, and 8 studies were considered moderate in quality. The results of the 10 studies showed differences in patient preference for needleless jet injection. Needleless injection technique has been found to be particularly useful in uncooperative patients with anxiety and needle phobia. Needleless jet injection is not technique sensitive. However, with needleless jet anesthesia, most treatments require additional anesthesia. Conventional needle anesthesia is less costly, has a longer duration of action, and has better pain control during dental extraction. Needleless jet anesthesia has been shown to be moderately accepted by patients with a fear of needles, has a faster onset of action, and is an efficient alternative to conventional infiltration anesthesia technique.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.54-68
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• 2013

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of microparticles of Socheongryong-tang (SCRT) on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a mouse model. Methods: The inhalable microparticles containing SCRT were produced by spray-drying with leucine as an excipient, and evaluated with respect to the aerodynamic properties of the powder by Andersen cascade impactor (ACI). Its equivalence to SCRT extract was evaluated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and a cigarette-smoking (CS)-induced murine COPD model. Results: SCRT microparticles provided desirable aerodynamic properties (fine particle fraction of $49.6{\pm}5.5%$ and mass median aerodynamic diameter of $4.8{\pm}0.3{\mu}m$). SCRT microparticles did not show mortality or clinical signs over 14 days. Also there were no significant differences in body weight, organ weights or serum chemical parameters between SCRT microparticle-treated and non-treated groups. After 14 days the platelet count significantly increased compared with the non-treated group, but the values were within the normal range. Inhalation of SCRT microparticles decreased the rate of neutrophils in blood, granulocytes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and level of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-6 in BALF on COPD mouse model induced by LPS plus CS. This effect was verified by histological findings including immunofluorescence staining of elastin, collagen, and caspase 3 protein in lung tissue. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that SCRT microparticles are equivalent to SCRT extract in pharmaceutical properties for COPD. This study suggests that SCRT microparticles would be a potential agent of inhalation therapy for the treatment of COPD.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2008

연구목적 : 기존의 종이 설문지를 이용한 전통적인 오프라인 설문 방법과 더불어 전자화된 문서를 통한 인터넷 온라인 설문이 연구 방법으로 이용되어 왔고 그를 통한 여러 연구 결과들이 알려지고 있지만, 아직까지 설문 방법에 따른 결과의 차이를 보고한 결과는 없었다. 우리는 성인 인터넷 중독 설문 검사에 온라인 설문에 참여한 대상과 오프라인을 통해 참여한 대상 사이에 기질적인 특성의 차이가 나타나는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 기초 인구학적 정보, 인터넷 중독 설문, Young의 기질 검사 척도가 포함된 설문을 통하여 두 군 간의 특성의 차이가 있는 지를 비교하였다. 총 430명(오프라인 286명, 온라인 144명)이 연구에 참여하였다. 성별과 중독 점수, 정신과적 치료력의 차이가 있어 MANCOVA를 통해 기질 점수에 끼칠 영향을 통제하였다. 결과 : 기질 특성에서 harm avoidance(HA), novelty seeking(NS), reward dependence(RD)의 척도에서는 모두 두 집단 간에 유의미한 차이가 있었다. HA와 NS의 경우 온라인군에서 오프라인군에 비해 유의하게 높게 측정되었고, RD는 온라인군에서 유의하게 낮게 측정되었다. 결론 : 이 연구는 온라인군과 오프라인군 사이에 유의한 기질적 특성의 차이가 있음을 보였다. 방법의 차이만으로 설명할 수 없는 이 결과를 더 잘 이해하기 위해선 아직 많은 연구가 필요할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.442-448
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• 2015

본 연구는 순두부찌개 소스의 품질 특성에 영향을 주는 guar gum의 농도를 다르게 첨가하여 제조한 순두부찌개 소스의 품질 특성의 변화를 알아보고 그 특성들이 소비자 기호도에 어떤 영향을 끼치는지 알아보았다. 그 결과 짠맛은 guar gum 농도의 증가에 따라 유의적으로 감소하는 결과를 보였고 소비자 기호도에 영향을 주는 인자로는 조개맛, 새우맛, 파향이 나타났으며, 모두 부정적인 영향을 주는 인자로 나타났다. 순두부찌개 소스의 유동 특성은 guar gum 농도가 증가할수록 pseudoplastic 한 성질이 증가되는 결과가 나타났으며 guar gum 농도의 증가와 소비자 기호도를 토대로 소비자 기호도 예측 모델을 개발하였다. 그 결과 guar gum의 농도가 증가할수록 소비자 기호도가 감소하였고 소비자 기호도를 보통 이상으로 유지하기 위해서는 겉보기 점도를 0.0114($Pa{\cdot}s$) 이하로 유지해야 할 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 본 연구 결과는 guar gum 함량에 따른 소스 제품의 품질 평가의 기초 연구로 소스 제품의 품질 최적화에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.280-290
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• 2018

본 연구는 의사소통 훈련을 받은 실험집단과 그렇지 않은 대조집단 사이의 의사소통능력, 감성지능, 자존감과 대인관계능력의 차이를 비교하는 비동등성 유사실험 연구이다. 연구대상은 C시 소재의 D대학병원에 근무하는 21명의 간호사를 실험집단으로, 21명의 간호사를 대조집단으로 구성하여 2017년 4월부터 5월까지, 실험집단에게는 의사소통능력, 감성지능, 자존감 및 대인관계능력 향상을 위한 의사소통 훈련 프로그램을 주 1회 2시간씩 총 4회기를 진행하였고, 연구의 효과성 검정을 위하여 사전, 사후 검사를 실시하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS for Window 23을 이용하여 사전사후검사의 평균과 표준편차, 독립표본 Mann-Whitney의 U검증, 대응표본 Wilcoxon 부호 순위 검증을 실시하였다. 연구결과 실험집단과 훈련을 받지 않은 대조집단에서 의사소통능력(Z=-3.361, p<.05), 감성지능(Z=-2.209, p<.05), 자존감(Z=-1.633, p<.05), 대인관계능력(Z=-2.577, p<.05)으로 나타나, 의사소통훈련 프로그램 후 실험집단의 의사소통능력, 감성지능(EQ), 자존감 및 대인관계능력 점수가 모두 유의하게 증가하였으며, 모든 가설은 지지되었다. 이러한 결과를 볼 때 임상현장에서 간호업무 수행 시 의사소통 훈련프로그램을 활용한다면 의사소통능력, 감성지능(EQ), 자존감 및 대인관계능력의 향상으로 치료적인 의사소통과 효과적인 간호를 제공하여 환자의 만족감을 높이고 간호의 질 향상에도 기여할 것이다.