• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.659-666
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• 2022

이 연구에서는 밀 첨가 계통의 생식세포분열시, 호밀 B 염색체가 염색체 접합에 미치는 영향을 관찰하였다. 밀 첨가 계통은 동조관계에 있는 Leymus mollis와 L. racemosus 염색체를 각각 하나씩 가지고 있다. 밀의 유전적 배경에서 두 Leymus염색체의 이동은 genomic in situ hybridization에 의하여 확인되었다. 호밀 B 염색체를 가지고 있지 않은 밀 첨가 계통의 생식세포 제1중기 분열기에 두 Leymus 염색체의 대부분은 일가염색체를 보였다(98.1 ± 0.5%). 반면에 호밀 B 염색체를 가지고 있는 밀 첨가 계통에서 Leymus 이가염색체의 빈도(10.3 ± 0.2%)는 호밀 B 염색체를 가지고 있지 않은 밀 첨가 계통의 Leymus이가염색체의 빈도(1.9 ± 0.5%)보다 높았다. 호밀 B 염색체를 가지고 있지 않은 밀 첨가 계통에서는 비정상적인 구조를 가지고 있는 이가염색체가 관찰되었다. 반면, 비록 매우 낮은 빈도이지만 호밀 B 염색체를 가지고 있는 밀 첨가 계통에서는 정상적인 형태를 보이는 이가염색체가 확인되었다. 호밀 B 염색체의 영향은 또한 보통밀과 L. racemosus염색체 사이의 이가염색체의 형성을 유도하였으며, 보통밀과 L. mollis 염색체 사이의 삼가염색체의 형성도 유도하였다. 뿐만 아니라 보통밀 염색체 사이에서 초과 교차가 일어나는 것을 확인하였으며, 이러한 현상으로 원, 막대, 그리고 후라이팬 모양의 일반적인 이가염색체의 형태가 아닌 막대모양이나 응축된 형태의 보통밀 이가염색체가 확인되었다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.144-146
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• 2002

약용으로 재배되고 있는 지모의 세포유전학적인 연구인 핵형 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 지모의 체세포 염색체 수는 2n=22였으며. 외형으로 비교해 보았을 때, 3쌍의 상대적으로 길이가 긴 염색체와 길이가 짧은 8쌍의 염색체로 구별이 되었다. 염색체의 평균 길이는 염색체의 길이는 $1.27-3.80\;{\mu}m$로 관찰되었다. Armatio 비교를 통한 핵형 분석에서는 8쌍의 중부 염색체 (염색체 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 및 11), 2쌍의 차중부 염색체 (염색체 4와 5) 그리고 1쌍의 차단부 염색체 (염색체 1)로 구분되었다.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.29-33
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• 1970

한국부인의 子宮癌細胞에 관한 본 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 種族細胞의 染色體數는 45와 46의 2종류임을 확인했다. 2. 染色體 형태에 있어서 diplochromosome 의 출현율이 높아 5.3%을 나타낸다. 染色體 異常率은 細胞당 0.16이고, 異常型으로는 染色分體缺矢, 同位染色分體缺矢의 染色分體異常型과 2動原體인 染色體異常型이 보였다. 3. 核型을 분석한 결과 전체로는 그르프 F의 染色體數의 증가와 그르프 B 및 E의 감소경향을 보여주었다. 이것이 低2倍性인 細胞에서는 그르프C 및 G에서 감소하고, 반대로 高2倍性에서는 그르프C 및 G에서 증가하는 경향이 있었다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.67-76
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• 1995

The frequencies of chromosome aberrations and sister chromatid-exchanges in peripheral blood lymphocyte of 44 nurses handling anticancer drugs were compared with those in 44 age-match controls. The frequencies of dicentric chrdmosome were $2.4\times 10^{-3}$ in the exposed and $0.5\times 10^{-3}$ in the control. The frequencies of sister cromatid exchanges in the exposed were slightly higher (5.68 SCEs/cell) than those in the control (5.04 SCEs/cell). The frequencies of chromosome aberrations and sister cromatid exchanges were not associated with duration of drug handling and types of anticancer drugs, but associated with use of safety cover.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2010

Objectives : We investigated genetic toxicity of HMCO5 in relation to chromosome aberration test on Cultured Chinese Hamster Lung (CHL) in the presence and absence of S-9 mix. Methods : Experimental groups were divided into two groups: with S-9mix (+S) or without S-9 mix (-S). -S group was also divided 2 series by treatment hours (6 hr: 6-S; or 24 hr; 24-S). Each group treated with vehicle only (complete culture medium), HMCO5 (1,250, 2,500, $5,000\;{\mu}g/ml$), and cyclophosphamide monohydrate (CPA) and ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS), respectively. Results : HMC05 did not show any aberrant metaphase. However, there were significant (p < 0.01) aberrant metaphases with CPA in S+ and with EMS in S-. Conclusions : These results indicate that HMC05 formula does not show any toxicity in chromosome aberration test.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.317-331
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• 1990

Chromosomes of gonadal tissues from Fasciola spp, Eurytrema pancreaticum and Calicophoron calicophorum occurred Korean cattle were egamined using modified air-drying method. To compare their phenotype with three different genotypes among Fasciola spp, the adult and egg si2e were measured since they have been known as important taxonomical characters. The results obtained were as followed; Cattle liver fluke, Fasciola spp were classified into three types based on their chromosomal complements such as individual with 2o chromosome(diploid), 30 chromosome(triploid) and 20/30 mosaic constitution(mixoploid). The propotions of appearance of three types were 40.00%, 54.29% and 5.71%, respectively. The frequency of three types in type I which was regarded as F gigantica were 58.82% for diploid, 35.29% for triploid and 5.88% for mixoploid, but in type II which was regarded as F hepatica were 72.2% for triploid, 22.22% for diploid and 5.56% for mixoploid. Egg length of triploid forms was significantly larger than that of diploid forms and egg size of mixoploid forms was similiar to that of triploid forms. Worm size of triploid forms was larger than that of diploid forms and was more similar to that of mixoploid forms, but the statistical data were not significant. Diploid chromosome consisted of one pair of metacentric chromosome(m), four pairs of submetacentric chromosomes(sm), five pairs of subtelocentric chromosomes(st), while triploid chromosome consisted of one pair of metacentric chromosome, seven pairs of submetacen.tric chromosomes, one pair of subtelocentric chromosome and telocentric chromosome(t), respectively. In mixoploid chromosome, constitution of the chromosomes of diploid or triploid cell was consistent with that of diploid or triploid. Chromosomes of gonadal tissues from pancreatic fluke, Eurytrema pancreaticum consisted of 13 pairs of homologs(2n=26, n=13). The mitotic and meiotic divisions were observed frequently. In the mitotic metaphase, Karyotype consisted of five pairs of metacentric chromosomes, four pairs of submetacentric chromosomes, three pairs of subtelocentric chromosomes and one pair of telocentric chromosome. Chromosomes of gonadal tissues from stomach fluke, Calicvphoron calicophorum consisted of 9 pairs of homologs(2n=18, n=9). The meiotic divisions was frequently observed, but mitotic divisions was rare. In the mitotic metaphase, Karyotype consisted of two pairs of metacentric chromosomes, three pairs of submetacentric chromosomes and four pairs of subtelocentric chromosomes. Karyotype of Calicophoron calicophorum differed from that of Japanese C calicophorum which was similar to that of Paramphistomum cervi of Korean cattle. Though that of Calicophoron calicophorum of Korean cattle was similar to that of Paramphistomum explanatum of Korean cattle, that have been recognized to be a different species of fluke.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2005

Rumex acetosa L. is a dioecious flowering plant with well developed sex chromosome system: 2n = 12 + XX in the female plants and 2n = 12 + XY1Y2 in the male plants. To isolate sex-linked DNA, we carried out chromosome micromanipulation, followed by DOP-PCR, AFLP of the PCR products, reverse Southern hybridization and sequence analysis. From 500 AFLP specific clones, 13 X-chromosome and 5 Y-chromosome specific clones were obtained. Except one clone RADAX-239 ($\underline{R}umex\;\underline{a}-\underline{D}OP-PCR-\underline{A}FLP-\underline{Y}-chromosome\;specific$), all clones appear to be R. acetosa plant-specific sequences and non-coding sequences. Southern blot analysis using these clones could not discriminate genomic DNAs either from male or female plants. Results of this study imply that both autosome-origin and degeneration of sex chromosomes are prevalent in plant systems.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.279-279
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• 2022

Rice is 34% of the world's population used as a staple food. But the world population is increasing. Food security is not well protected. Improving cultivar development can address food security. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping is a statistical analysis using both phenotypic and genotypic dates. The purpose of QTL mapping is to determine a gene. Increasing grain size is a way to increase yield in rice. Grain size-related genes were mapped using CNDH population obtained by cross-breeding Cheongcheong (Indica) and Nagdong (Japonica) through anther culture. Grain harvested from experimental field of Kyungpook National University in Gunwi in 2021. Genes related to grain length were detected between RM5964-RM12285, RM20924-RM20967 in chromosome 1, 7. LOD score is 5.88 and 5.6. Genes related to grain width was detected between RM289-RM18130 in chromosome 5. LOD score is 4.57. Genes related to grain length/width ratio were detected between RM5459-RM3482, RM5699-RM1211 and RM3838-RM3381 in chromosome 1, 2, 5. LOD score is 3.75, 3.14 and 3.41. 4 genes was detected in chromosome 1 and 2 genes was detected in chromosome 2 and 7 genes was detected in chromosome 5. 2 genes related to grain shape and quality were detected. 4 genes related to grain length were detected. 4 genes related to grain size were detected. 1 gene related to grain size and weight was detected. 2 genes related to grain length and weight were detected. By finding the gene related to grain size, it provides food to people threatened by food security and solves the food shortage.

• Journal of Life Science
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.81-82
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• 2001

The human ribosomal protein 54 genes, RPS4X and RPS4Y are located on the X and Y chromosomes. They have been postulated as candidate for Turner syndrome which was characterized by gonadal dysgenesis, short stature, and various external and internal anomalies. Using the BLAST search program, we identified sixteen RPS4 pseudogenes from the human genome and analyzed them phylogenetically. The RPS4-C12-1, C12-2, and C12-3 pseudogenes from chromosome 12 have been evolved independently during hominid evolution. The RPS4X gene from X chromosome it closely related to the RPS4-C12-2 from chromosome 12 and RPS4-C5 from chromosome 5, whereas the RPS4Y gene is very closely related to RPS4-C16 from chromosome 16. The exact mapping of the RPS4 pseudogene family was peformed, indicating that the RPS4 pseudogene family was mapped on human chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 18, 19 and 20. Taken together, the precise chromosomal localization and phylegenetic relationship of the RPS4 pseudo-genes could be of great use in further study for understanding the Turner syndrome.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.221-221
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• 2022

Chromosome breakage occurred by DNA methylation inhibitor. Zebularine is known as DNA methylation inhibitor and suitable for water solubility among different DNA methylation inhibitors as 5-Azacytidine and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. We used zebularine as mutagen according to different methods by roots absorption and seed imbibition. After zebularine treatment, DNA methylation inhibitor, we observed mitotic chromosome behavior what is different according to two different treatment methods. First, seed imbibition treatment in 1,000 μM of zebularine solution for 72 hours in dark conditions. The second treatment to seedlings of Keumkang was also treated in 1,000 μM of zebularine solution for 72 hours after germination. Root and shoot showed different elongations in each treatment. Root absorption treatment(3.01±0.48, 2.00±0.26) showed the shortest elongation in root and shoot than control(8.16±0.61, 4.03±0.48) and seed imbibition treatment(4.33±0.80, 2.48±0.36). It can be explained root tip meristematic cell activity was damaged by DNA methylation inhibitor. Primary root tips were collected in DW for 24 hours at low temperature(0℃) and fixed in fixation solution for 3 days to chromosome observation in mitosis. Mitotic index, chromosome structure and chromosome aberration were observed by phase-contrast microscope. Mitotic index of the control(0.29) showed twice mitotic cells as the treated groups(imbibition 0.15, absorption 0.14). Observation of chromosomes showed some short chromosomes and loosen chromosomes affected by zebularine. It is considered because of zebularine damage DNA in mitosis. We observed "gap by chromosome breakage" in chromosomes that have loose parts between centromere and telomere. It seems demethylation of zebularine occurs chromosome breakage.