• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.26-35
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to develop and apply the dietary education program for prescehoolers to improve their vegetable intakes. In this study, 134 mothers of preschoolers were surveyed about the problem of unbalanced food habits in children. A nutrition education program was developed based on the survey results, and then applied in the field to evaluate the effects of nutrition education. Most preschoolers (79.9%) had a relatively low intake of vegetables. The main reason for their unbalanced eating of vegetables was due to texture (34.6%) and taste (30.8%). The activity-based nutrition education program to increase vegetable intake consisted of four lessons. After the nutrition education program was administered for 43 preschoolers, their nutrition knowledge score significantly increased (P<0.001). Preschoolers found the lessons fun (90.9%) and interesting (81.4%), and said they would eat more vegetables in the future (88.4%). This study demonstrates that the unbalanced diet of preschoolers could be modified through the proper introduction of an education program.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.47 no.5
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• pp.342-350
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• 2014

Purpose: This study investigated the eating behaviors of Chinese children using the Nutrition Quotient for Children (NQ-C). Methods: The research subjects were 336 students (166 boys and 170 girls) in the 5th and 6th years at two elementary schools in Shandong Province and Jiangsu Province. Results: The average score of the Children's NQ was good, reaching 69.6 points. The factor scores for balance, moderation, diversity, regularity, and practice were 58.8, 84.9, 63.6, 76.1, and 73.6 points, respectively. Compared with the diagnostic cut-off points of the factors, mean balance, moderation, regularity, and practice scores were above the cut-off points, but diversity score did not meet the cut-off points. Fathers' education level showed positive correlation with the balance, regularity, and NQ scores of the students. Mothers' education level also showed positive correlation with the balance and regularity scores and mother's employment showed positive correlation with regularity score. As the exercise hours per day increased, the NQ score also increased. Conclusion: The questionnaire of NQ-C developed in Korea can be used in assessment of nutrition behavior of Chinese elementary students who have similar eating patterns.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.83-94
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• 2024

Nutrition education is essential for the health of people with disabilities. This paper presents nutrition education topics and operational directions for people with disabilities living in social welfare facilities for people with disabilities. This study was conducted through one-on-one, in-depth interviews with 11 operators and workers at social welfare facilities where people with disabilities reside. They were asked about the current status of nutrition education at the social welfare facility for people with disabilities where the interviewee works, major diseases of residents, topics of nutrition education needed, and preferred education methods to determine the type of nutrition education for people with disabilities needed in the field. As a topic of nutrition education, dietary education for obesity prevention and management was most requested, and education on basic nutritional ingredients was also desired. It was mentioned that the educational level would be appropriate for children aged 6~9, and using materials that would attract interest was recommended. Activity-based face-to-face education was preferred for the operation of the program, and it was mentioned that education would be possible in a short period. In addition, it was mentioned that nutrition education is necessary for people with disabilities and workers at social welfare facilities for people with disabilities. Confirming the topic and operation direction of the nutrition education program required by social welfare facilities for people with disabilities will make it possible to contribute to providing nutrition education tailored to social welfare facilities for people with disabilities in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.497-510
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• 2011

We tried to find out parents' satisfaction and needs for foodservice quality of the childcare centers with an intention of improving it. Self-completed questionnaires were randomly collected from the parents of children in 174 childcare centers around Asan and were analyzed. Most of respondents were mothers who were housewives with college degrees (69%) in their 30's (80%). They thought nutrition (50%) and food hygiene (43%) were the most important factors for decision. Eighty percent of parents recognized the strong relationship between foodservice quality and childrens' mental and physical development. Most centers (94%) were delivering menu notices home, so parents well recognized the center's foodservice situation and problems of their kids' eating habits. The parents' satisfaction scores were 3.26 out of 5-point scale. The biggest dissatisfaction was from no variation in menu, but remarkable appreciation was from the effect of foodservice on the correction for kids' unbalanced diet habit. They had demands for improvement of nutritious menu and professional nutrition teacher in charge of foodservice and nutrition education for children and also for parents.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.304-311
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between household food insecurity and nutritional status of children in low-income households. A cross sectional study involved a survey of households (n = 223) receiving the financial assistance. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Eligible mothers that fulfilled the inclusion criteria such as non-pregnant, non-lactating mothers, aged 18 to 55 years with their youngest children aged 2 to 12 years, were purposively selected. The Radimer/Cornell hunger and food-insecurity instrument was administered and children's height and weight were measured. RESULTS: About 16.1% of the households were food secure, while 83.9% experienced some kind of food insecurity. Out of food insecure category, 29.6% households were food insecure, 19.3% women were individual food insecure and 35.0% fell into the child hunger category. Education of the mother (P = 0.047), household size (P = 0.024), number of children (P = 0.024), number of children going to school (P = 0.048), total monthly income (P < 0.001), income per capital (P < 0.001), number of household members contributing to the income (P = 0.018) and food expenditure (P = 0.006) were significant risk factors for household food insecurity. The prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting in children were 61.0%, 61.4% and 30.6% respectively. Based on multinomial logistic regression, children in food-insecure households were 2.15 times more likely to be underweight and three times to be stunted than children in the food-secure households. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that household food insecurity is associated with the nutritional status of the children in the rural area of Northeastern Peninsular Malaysia.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.393-404
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was getting information to set up the new roles focused on nutrition education for school dietitians as nutrition teachers. One hundred thirty nine school dietitians and 1169 elementary school children residing in Daegu city and Gyeongbuk province were surveyed for this study. Sixty eight percent of the school dietitians perceived 1st-3rd year of the elementary school is the most proper time to start nutrition education, and 59.0% of them wanted to practice nutrition education as a discretion teaching time. The largest proportion(79.1%) of the school dietitians expected that nutrition education is helpful to get good dietary habit. School dietitians responded that major contents that should be included in the nutrition education was balanced diet, diet and habit, managing healthy weight, dining etiquette, food safety and problems of environmental contamination. Fairly large proportion of the students(64.4%) responded nutrition education is urgently needed. The contents of the nutrition education students wanted most were cooking and healthy diet. Forty six percent of the students perceived school dietitians are responsible for nutrition education and they wanted to have nutrition education as a part of special activity class. The most preferred frequency of nutrition education was 1 hour/week and 46.2% of the students responded they wanted to participate cooking camp.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.248-265
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• 2021

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the dietary behaviors of preschool children using the nutrition quotient for preschoolers (NQ-P) and analyzed the difference in the scores of the children's dietary behaviors in regards to the parents' health consciousness. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The subjects were 257 children aged 3-5 years and their parents residing in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, South Korea. The questionnaire is composed of demographic characteristics, the NQ-P questions, and health consciousness. All data were statistically analyzed by SPSS program (ver. 25.0) and the statistical differences in variables were evaluated by χ2 test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, 1-way analysis of variance and Tukey's multiple comparison test. RESULTS: There was a significant difference on the intake frequency of processed meat by region and fast foods by age, region, and weight status (P < 0.05). There was also a significant difference in not moving around while eating by weight status and parents' effort to have healthy eating habits by sex (P < 0.05). The mean score of NQ-P of the total subjects was 59.47, which was within the medium-low grade. The mean score of balance was 61.62, and the boys were significantly higher than girls (P < 0.05). As the age of children increased, the mean score of the moderation was significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The scores of NQ-P (P < 0.05), balance (P < 0.01), and environment (P < 0.05) were significantly higher in the high group of parents' health consciousness than the low group. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results of the evaluation by NQ-P, the dietary behaviors of preschoolers residing in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do need to be improved. For improving their eating behavior and nutritional health status, parents and children need customized nutrition education programs based on sex, age, region and weight status of preschool children as well as the degree of parents' health consciousness.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.106-112
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• 1982

In this study was made a survey of the dietary habit with too many likes and dislikes (one-sided dietary habit) of first grade primary school children on 1098 primary school children, in an attempt to provide data for an efficient nutrition management for children. The results of the survey were interpreted in term of the standard of education and the state of employment of the children's mothers, the standard of living, sex, the number of sibling, the order of birth, whether or not living together with grandmother, and the breast feeding period. From the results of this study it seems that the overprotection by mothers leads the children to one-sided dietary habit. The mothers listed the lack of nutrition knowledge and the lack of efforts for meal management as major reasons for that they failed to help their children form a good dietary habits.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.44-49
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• 2006

The aim of this study was to evaluate the body composition difference and obesity prevalence in grade 5 to 8 by gender. A total of 1,333 students, 707 boys and 631 girls, were recruited from one elementary and one middle school in Seoul, Korea. Anthropometric measurements including height, weight, lean body mass, and body fat were assessed. Height and weight were increased by grade, but Body Mass Index (BMI) by grade showed no significant difference among boys. Lean body mass had growth spurt between 7 and 8 grade among boys compared to gradual increase among girls. Overweight and obesity prevalence were higher among elementary schoolers than middle schoolers. Overweight (BMI for age> $85^{th}$ percentile) prevalence was about $44\%$ among $5^{th}$ grade boys compared $29\%$ among same grade girls. These results provided that there were prominent difference regarding body growth and obesity prevalence in gender and grade. Further studies for children and adolescents should be considered their body composition change.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.335-344
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• 2018

This study aimed to develop and evaluate a sugars intake reduction program (SIRP) that was designed to increase the knowledge, attitude, and skills of Korean children aged 5 years regarding sugars intake reduction. A total of 101 children aged 5~6 years from 6 preschools participated in SIRP. SIRP consisted of 4 sessions including 10 activities (e.g., story-telling, arts, experiment, checking nutrition facts, pledge), delivered to children at preschools by nutritionists over a one-month period. Three letters were sent to parents throughout the program to inform them of the children's activities at the preschools and to provide additional information on reducing children's sugars intake. A total of 90 children completed the program; 83 parents of these children completed the SIRP evaluation survey. The children's sugars intake reduction score was significantly increased after attending SIRP. Teachers (n=6) who participated in this program agreed to improve their students' attitudes on reducing sugars intake and to decrease students' behaviors related to sugars intake. Parents agreed to improve their children's attitude on reducing sugars intake and to decrease children's behaviors related to sugars intake. The outcome showed SIRP improved participants' attitudes towards sugars reduction and increased the skills to reduce the sugars intake of children aged 5~6 years. Future studies should examine whether SIRP reduces actual sugars intake among children.