• 대한가정학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.29-41
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• 2000

This primary purpose of this study was to analyze relations between child temperament and parental disciplinary practices. The subjects were 220 mothers and 220 fathers of kindergarten children. Child temperament was assessed using Colorado Childhood Temperament Inventory and parental disciplinary practices were measured by Parenting Scale. Resets indicated that (1) Fathers recognized their male children's temperament as more soothable and less emotional than those of female children whereas mothers recognized their male children's temperament as more active than those of female children. (2) Fathers recognized their children's temperament as more active than did mothers, but mothers recognized their children's temperament as more soothable than did fathers. (3) Children who were more sociable, less emotional, more sootable, and had longer attention span and persistence were related to more effective patemal disciplinary practices. (4) Children who were less emotional and had longer attention span and persistence were related to more effective maternal disciplinary practices. (5) Paternal disciplinary practices were explained by children's emotional temperament, whereas the best predictors of maternal disciplinary practices were children's emotional temperament and attention span and persistence.

• 아동학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.51-66
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• 2017

Objective: This study aimed to examine the dual mediating effects of preschoolers' emotional temperament and emotion regulation in the relationship between maternal emotional expression and preschoolers' behavior problems. Methods: The participants included 167 preschoolers and their mothers from Daegu city and Gyeonsang province. The mothers completed questionnaires regarding their own emotional expression, children's temperament, emotion regulation, and behavior problems. Results: The primary results of this study were as follows. First, there were significant correlations among maternal emotional expression, preschoolers' emotional temperament, emotion regulation, and problem behaviors. Second, maternal emotional expression had an indirect effect on preschoolers' behavior problems through preschoolers' emotional temperament and emotion regulation. Conclusion: This study revealed that maternal negative emotional expression and preschoolers' temperament and emotion regulation need to be considered simultaneously to explain the level of preschoolers' behavior problems. More specifically, the results highlight the dual mediating effects of preschoolers' temperament and emotion regulation in the relationship between maternal negative emotional expression and preschoolers' behavior problems.

• 아동학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.223-238
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• 2008

The purpose of this research was to study the effects of children's temperament, social competence, emotional intelligence, morality and parent's child rearing attitudes on young children's internalizing and externalizing problem behavior. Subjects were l34 five-year-old children attending day-care centers and kindergartens in Seoul, Korea. Analysis of the relationships among these variables was by correlation and stepwise multiple regressions. There were statistically significant correlations among the variables of temperament, social competence and parents' child rearing attitudes and young children's behavior problems. Variables influencing young children's internalizing behavior problems were children's temperament and parents' child-rearing attitudes; variables influencing children's externalizing behavior problems were children's temperament, their social competence, and parents' child-rearing attitudes.

• 아동학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.15-33
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate which variables predicted preschoolers' pro-social behavior. Subjects consisted of 250 preschooler-mother pairs; children were 3 to 6 years of age Children's emotional intelligence and pro-social behavior were assessed by classroom teachers. Data on the mothers' socialization beliefs and strategies as well as children's temperament were gathered through maternal self-reported questionnaires. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-tests, correlation and regression analyses. Results showed that children's temperament (withdrawal predisposition) and emotional intelligence (self emotional expression) predicted children's pro-social behavior. Mothers' perceptions of the importance of pro-social behavior correlated negatively with children's pro-social behavior.

• 아동학회지
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.15-32
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• 2002

Child's temperament, cognitive ability, social competence, mother's affective child rearing and positive expression, father's positive expression, and teacher's positive expression were the variables investigated in relation to the structure of children's emotional competence (EC). Subjects were 20 teachers and 236 five-year-old children and their parents. Data were analyzed by LISREL (Linear Structural Relations), a statistical program for structural equation modeling. Results showed that boys' social competence and mother's affective rearing behavior directly influenced the EC of boys; boys temperament and cognitive ability, and positive expressions of their teachers indirectly influenced the EC of boys. Girls' temperament and social competence directly influenced the EC of girls; their cognitive ability, mother's affective child rearing behavior, and positive expressions of mothers and fathers indirectly influenced the EC of girls.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권9호
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• pp.279-291
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 영아의 기질, 아버지의 양육 참여와 영아의 사회 정서 행동발달간의 구조적 관계를 알아보기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 J지역에 소재하고 있는 55개 어린이집의 만 1~2세 영아의 부모 330명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 자료 분석은 SPSS 21.0과 AMOS 21.0을 이용하여 빈도분석, 신뢰도분석, 상관분석, 확인적 요인분석, 구조방정식 모형분석을 실시하였으며, 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 영아기질은 아버지 양육참여 중 여가지도, 생활지도와 부적 상관이 나타났고, 사회 정서행동의 외현적 문제행동인 활동성/충동성과 정적인 상관이 나타났다. 아버지의 양육 참여는 사회 정서행동의 주의집중, 모방/놀이와 정적 상관이 나타났으며, 사회 정서행동은 영아기질 접근회피와 정적 상관이 나타났다. 둘째, 최종모형의 변인 간 경로계수를 통한 적합도 검증결과, 영아기질은 아버지 양육참여와 사회 정서행동에 부적영향을 미치는 유의한 경로임이 검증되었다. 본 연구의 결과로 영아의 사회 정서행동에 영향을 미치는 영아기질과 아버지 양육참여의 역할을 확인하고, 영아기 자녀의 사회 정서행동에 영향을 미치는 아버지 양육참여에 대한 올바른 이해와 교육적 시사점을 제공하고자 한다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.133-145
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• 2007

The purpose of this research was to identify the importance of emotional development in early childhood, in children ages three to five, by examining the relationship between the variables in the children such as gender, age, and temperament, as well as their mothers' emotionality, in relation to emotional development. The participants included a total of 72 children between three and five years of age. The major findings are as follow: First, there were significant differences in emotional expression and emotional recognition between the boys and the girls. Additionally, the emotional recognition of the children increased as age increased, and more positive strategies for emotional regulation were used with the increasing age of the children. Temperament characteristics did not have any relationship with emotional expression or emotional recognition, while the strategies for emotional regulation were related to the temperament characteristics. Second, the emotional expressivity of the mother was related to the emotional expression and recognition of the child, but wes not associated with strategies for emotional regulation. The emotional reactivity of the mother was related to a child's strategies for emotional regulation, but not to emotional expression or recognition. Third, emotional development of the children wes influenced by the individual child variables and emotionality of the mother.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among young children's temperament, emotional regulation, and their mother's parenting stress. This study also analyzed the mediating effect of mother's parenting stress on the relationship between the other two variables. Methods: A total of 304 mothers with young children that lived in Gwangju and Jeollanamdo participated in this study. The data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient, hierarchical multiple regression analysis, and the Sobel test. Results: The main results are as follows. First, adaptability temperament was positively correlated with children's emotional regulation and negatively correlated with mother's parenting stress. There was no statistically significant relationship between activity temperament and other variables, whereas regularity temperament had only a significant relationship with emotional regulation. Second, it was found that mother's parenting stress partially mediated between children's adaptability temperament and emotional regulation. Conclusion: The results of this study imply that mother's parenting stress is a very important factor on young children's emotional regulation. Also, the present study suggests that children's adaptability temperament and mother's parenting stress should be considered together in order to improve young children's emotional regulation.

• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.47-68
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between young children's temperament, emotional regulation ability and mother's parenting sense of competence. Methods: The participants were comprised of 315 young children who attend a kindergarten or day care center and their mothers from Seoul, Inchon, and Gyeonggi-do Province. They completed questionnaires on temperament, emotion regulation ability, and parenting sense of competence. The data were analyzed by frequency analysis, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression analysis. Results: It was observed that young children's regularity/adaptability was positively correlated with sense of competence as a parent and young children's emotional regulation. Young children's regularity/adaptability was negatively correlated with dissatisfaction as a parent and young children's emotional instability/negativity. Sense of competence as a parent was positively correlated with young children's emotional regulation and negatively correlated with young children's emotional instability/negativity. In addition, it was further found that the mother's parenting sense of competence tended to play a perfectly/partially mediating role between young children's temperament and young children's emotional regulation ability respectively. Conclusion/Implications: These results clearly indicated that parenting sense of competence plays a crucial role between young children's temperament and emotional regulation.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.132-143
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• 2000

The purpose of this correlational study was to find the correlation between the infant temperament, mother-infant interaction, and child-rearing environment. The subjects of this study were 37 dyads of healthy mothers and healthy infants. Data were collected from 15th of March to 3rd of September, 1999. Convenient sampling was done at Obstetric wards of one University hospital, and demographic data were collected before discharge. At one month and three month postpartum, we visited subject's home, and collected the data on the infant temperament, and also video taped the mother-infant interaction during feeding. In addition, child-rearing environment was checked by researcher according to HOME(Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment) at three months postpartum. Mother-infant interactions were rated according to the NCAST Feeding Scale later. Data were analyzed by window SPSS program, and correlations between the infant temperament, mother-infant interaction, and child-rearing environment were analyzed by Pearson's correlational coefficient. The results were as follows: 1. Infant temperament. 1) Among the subscales of infant temperament, mothers perceived cuddliness and amenability most positively at one month, and responsivity and amenability most positively at three months. 2) In subscale analysis of stability, amenability, responsivity, and persistence were stable with the time. 3) Significant relationships were found between the malleability and amenability, between the malleability and responsivity at one month, and also between the malleability and amenability, and between the malleability and cuddliness at three months. 2. Correlations of infant temperament and mother-infant interaction. 1) There was no significant relationship between the infant temperament and mother-infant interaction at one month. 2) There was a significant relationship between the infant temperament and mother-infant interaction at three months(r=.335, p<.05). In subscale analysis, there were significnt relationships between the total score of infant temperament and maternal sensitivity to infant's cues(r=.372, p<.05), and between the total score of infant temperament and maternal response to infant's distress (r=.331, p<.05). 3. Correlations of infant temperament and child-rearing environment. 1) There was no significant relationship between the total score of infant temperament at one month and total score of HOME at three months. In subscal analysis, the total score of infant temperament at one showed significant relationships with the organization of environment(r=.413, p<.05), and the emotional, verbal response at three months(r=.337, p<.05). 2) There was a significant relationship between the total score of infant temperament at three months and the total score of HOME at three months (r=.599, p<.01). In subscal analysis, the total score of infant temperament at three months showed significant relationships with the organization of environment(r=.410, p<.05), maternal involvement(r=.482, p,.01), and the emotional, verbal response(r=.695, p<.01) at three months. 4. Correlations of mother-infant interaction and child-rearing environment. There was a significant relationship between the maternal score of mother-infant interaction at one month and three months and the total score of HOME at three months (r=.474, p<.01; r=.452, p<.01). In conclusion, it was proved that infant temperament had significant relationships with mother-infant interaction and child-rearing environment, especially when the infants were getting older. This showed the possibility for changeability of infant teperament by the maternal factors.