• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.123-128
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• 2008

The foraging behavior of the beauty goby, Pterogobius zacalles, was studied at Mutu Bay, Aomori province, Japan. P. zacalles harvested invertebrates prey from benthic substrates by using two distinct foraging modes: picking substrate among boulders and sucking surface of boulder. Among others, picking substrate among boulders was primarily used foraging mode. The foraging modes of P. zacalles were followed by three stages: searching for prey, feeding and chewing. For foraging, it takes less time to suck out the surface of boulder than pick up substrate among boulders, because the resting site of P. zacalles is close to the place where they do sucking. The diets of P. zacalles primarily consisted of benthic amphipods regardless of their foraging modes. Only the difference was that they can get bigger amphipods when they did picking rather than sucking. Even though it needs more time and energy to do picking, P. zacalles was compensated by getting a high-calorie diet eventually, therefore prey size can be the determinant of their foraging modes.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.21-24
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• 2011

Williams syndrome(WS) is a congenital disorder caused by a deletion of the Elastin gene and other contiguous genes at chromosome 7. Patients with WS are at a high risk of dental caries, and they also have a higher frequency of dental malocclusion compared to normal children. Malocclusion occurs in 85% of individuals with WS, which results from combined causes, such as tongue thrust, hypotonia, and connective tissue abnormality. An 11 year-old girl with WS presented scissor bite on the lower right second premolar and the first molar, and she complained of difficulty in chewing. Active lingual arch was used instead of removable appliance, considering the patient's cooperation ability. Unilateral posterior scissor bite was corrected in 7 months. Although patients with WS are sociable and friendly, dental treatment can be a fearful experience for them. Efforts to build rapport with the patients with WS resulted in improved relationship between the doctor and patient, and desired outcome of dental treatment was achieved with patient's improved cooperation.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.87-103
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to widen the subject of research to the whole social activity, which is divided into the following four categories in the previous study on "Reality of social activity of senior citizen": 1. work 2. social participation and volunteer activity 3. learning activity 4. individual activity, and to clarify which category is most related to the masticatory ability. There were 57korean subjects in the survey: aged 65 through 85 (73.8$\pm$5.5), 81 women: aged 65 through 85 (74.3$\pm$5.3), a total of 138: aged 65 through 85 (74.1$\pm$5.4), in College for senior citizen of A city, Buddhist College for senior citizen of A city and senior citizen's welfare facility of A city who gave consent to the research The Japanese subject were 38 men: aged 65 through 85(75.3$\pm$5.4), 54 women: aged 65 through 85(75.5$\pm$5.2), a total of 92: aged 65 through 85(75.4$\pm$5.2) in women's division of F city Federation of Senior Citizens' Club, Otsuka division of B ward Federation of Senior Citizens' Club and S ward Federation of Senior Citizens' Club who gave consent to the research. The major findings were as follows: A social activity, individual activity were active in a social activity domain on a day so that people of Japanese advanced age had you, and writing ability was high, and, as for freezing, learning activity was active for people of Korean advanced age in a social activity domain so that writing ability was high.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.245-252
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• 2014

PURPOSE. To present a literature review on implant overdentures after a brief survey of bone loss after extraction of all teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Papers on alveolar bone loss and implant overdentures have been studied for a narrative review. RESULTS. Bone loss of the alveolar process after tooth extraction occurs with great individual variation, impossible to predict at the time of extraction. The simplest way to prevent bone loss is to avoid extraction of all teeth. To keep a few teeth and use them or their roots for a tooth or root-supported overdenture substantially reduces bone loss. Jaws with implant-supported prostheses show less bone loss than jaws with conventional dentures. Mandibular 2-implant overdentures provide patients with better outcomes than do conventional dentures, regarding satisfaction, chewing ability and oral-health-related quality of life. There is no strong evidence for the superiority of one overdenture retention-system over the others regarding patient satisfaction, survival, peri-implant bone loss and relevant clinical factors. Mandibular single midline implant overdentures have shown promising results but long-term results are not yet available. For a maxillary overdenture 4 to 6 implants splinted with a bar provide high survival both for implants and overdenture. CONCLUSION. In edentulous mandibles, 2-implant overdentures provide excellent long-term success and survival, including patient satisfaction and improved oral functions. To further reduce the costs a single midline implant overdenture can be a promising option. In the maxilla, overdentures supported on 4 to 6 implants splinted with a bar have demonstrated good functional results.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2020

PURPOSE. To investigate the influence of crown material (lithium-disilicate, 3Y-TZP zirconia) and abutment type (rigid implant, resin tooth with artificial periodontium) on wear performance of their antagonist teeth and adjacent teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A mandibular left first molar (#36) with adjacent human teeth (mandibular left second premolar: #35, mandibular left second molar: #37) and antagonistic human teeth (maxillary left second premolar: #25, maxillary left first molar: #26, maxillary left second molar: #27) was prepared simulating a section of the jaw. Samples were made with extracted human molars (Reference), crowned implants (Implant), or crowned resin tooth analogues (Tooth). Crowns (tooth #36; n = 16/material) were milled from lithium-disilicate (Li, IPS e.max CAD) or 3Y-TZP zirconia (Zr, IPS e.max ZirCAD, both Ivoclar Vivadent). Thermal cycling and mechanical loading (TCML) in the chewing simulator were applied simulating 15 years of clinical service. Wear traces were analyzed (frequency [n], depth [㎛]) and evaluated using scanning electron pictures. Wear results were compared by one-way-ANOVA and post-hoc-Bonferroni (α = 0.05). RESULTS. After TCML, no visible wear traces were found on Zr. Li showed more wear traces (n = 30-31) than the reference (n = 21). Antagonistic teeth #26 showed more wear traces in contact to both ceramics (n = 27-29) than to the reference (n = 21). Strong wear traces (> 350 ㎛) on antagonists and their adjacent teeth were found only in crowned groups. Abutment type influenced number and depth of wear facets on the antagonistic and adjacent teeth. CONCLUSION. The clinically relevant model with human antagonistic and adjacent teeth allowed for a limited comparison of the wear situation. The total number of wear traces and strong wear on crowns, antagonistic and adjacent teeth were influenced by crown material.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.273-277
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• 1994

A $3{\times}3$ latin square design experiment was conducted to study eating and rumination behavior in sheep fed rice straw (RS) supplemented with soybean meal (SBM) and barley at three different levels of crude protein: low (40 g CP/d, LCP), medium (67 g/d, MCP) and high (94 g/d, HCP). In addition, all the supplements were formulated to contain the same amount of total digestible nutrients (TDN; 275 g). Daily time spent eating and eating rate of RS were not affected by any supplementation. However, time spent ruminating in sheep fed HCP diet was markedly shorter (p<0.05) than in those fed LCP and MCP diets. Rumination index (ruminating time/100 g DM intake) was also significantly reduced (p<0.05) by increasing level of protein supplementation. Although no significant differences were observed, the daily number of rumination periods tended to be lower, while daily number of boli regurgitated was considerably higher in sheep fed HCP diet than in those fed LCP and MCP diets. Increasing level of protein supplementation did not affect the number of chews per bolus, bolus time and rate of chewing during rumination. It is suggested that increasing level of protein supplementation was associated with more effective microbial reduction of rumen digesta particle size and consequently reduced the time spent ruminating.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.111-120
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• 2000

Chestnut processing plants have wasted large amounts of chestnut inner skin waste, which contains chestnut flesh. To review the availability of the chestnut flesh as a food ingredient, We have analyzed the physiochemical characteristics of the chestnut powder extracted from inner skin waste. Then, we have examined on tastes and other sensory tests using breads, noodles and jellies made from various percents of chestnut powder. The results are as follows; The water absorbing capability and amylose degradability of the powder from the inner skin waste are 40% and 8% higher than those of the core chestnut powder, respectively. Also, the power from the inner skin waste shows similar characteristics with one of the core chestnut in iodine reaction. The breads, noodles and jellies from the chestnut powder have similar characteristics in flavor, hardness, elasticity, cohesiveness, adhesiveness, chewing property, and gumminess with the traditional ones.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.24
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• pp.10653-10658
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• 2015

Background: A very high incidence of lung cancer is observed in Mizoram and Manipur, North East India. We conducted a population based case control study to establish associations of p53 codon 72 polymorphisms and interactions with environmental factors for this high incidence. Material and Methods: A total of 272 lung cancer cases and 544 controls matched for age (${\pm}5years$), sex and ethnicity were collected and p53 codon 72 polymorphism genotypes were analyzed using a polymerase chain based restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. We used conditional multiple logistic regression analysis to calculate adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals after adjusting for confounding factors. Results: p53 Pro/Pro genotype was significantly associated with increased risk of lung cancer in the study population (adjusted OR=2.14, CI=1.35-3.38, p=0.001). Interactions of the p53 Pro/Pro genotype with exposure to wood smoke (adjusted OR=3.60, CI=1.85-6.98, p<0.001) and cooking oil fumes (adjusted OR=3.27, CI=1.55-6.87, p=0.002), betel quid chewing (adjusted OR=3.85, CI=1.96-7.55, p<0.001), tobacco smoking (adjusted OR=4.42, CI=2.27-8.63, p<0.001) and alcohol consumption (adjusted OR=3.31, CI=1.10-10.03, p=0.034) were significant regarding the increased risk of lung cancer in the study population. Conclusions: The present study provided preliminary evidence that a p53 codon 72 polymorphism may effect lung cancer risk in the study population, interacting synergistically with environmental factors.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.293-304
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate the peak electromyographic activity(EMG) and time intervals in firing sequence of Anterior temporalis(TA) and Masseter(MM) on clenching, the number of tender points in the head and neck muscles, the occlusal contact state on clenching, and their relationship. 78 patients with Temporomandibular Disorders(TMDs) participated and were classified into articular or muscular group by clinical signs and symptoms. BioEMG$\textregistered$ of integrated masticatory function analyzer, Biopak$\textregistered$ system(Bioresearch Inc., USA), was used to measure EMG and related items, and T- Scan$\textregistered$(Tekscan, USA), computerized occlusal analyser, was used to record occlusal contact state on maximum voluntary clenching. EMG and occlusal contact were synchronously recorded and analysed with SAS Statistical program. The results of this study were as follows : 1. In total subjects, EMG of TA was lower than that of MM in articular group but in muscular group, vice versa, As a result, the ratio TA to MM was significantly different between the two groups. no significant differece. 3. The number and force of occlusal contact were more in articular group, but there was no significant difference in Total Left-Right statistics(TLR) between the two groups. 4. In unilaterally affected subjects for muscle function, no significant difference was observed between the affected side and the contralateral side in articular group, but in muscular group, the item of the number of tender points showed significant difference. However, for occlusal contact items, contact force in articular group shows significant difference between the two sides. 5. Rate of coincidence of the first firing side of TA with affected side or preferred chewing side was higher and not different between the two groups, but no significant correlation was showed between the first firing side and the first occlusal contact side.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.369-382
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• 1996

The author performed this study to investige the relationship between condylar movements recorded with Pantronicⓡ and mandibular rotational torque movements with BioEGNⓡ. For this study 56 patients with Temporomandibular disorders(TMD) and 30 dental students without any masticatory signs and symptoms were selected as patients group and control group, respectively. The items recorded with Pantronicⓡ(Denar Corp., USA) were immediate side-shift, progressive side-shift, angle of orbiting path, protrusive path and PRI. BioEGNⓡ(Bioelectric gnathography, Bioresearch Inc., USA) were used to measure the amounts of mandibular rotational torque movements in frontal and horizontal plane, and the distance of mandibular translation at incisal area. Amount of mandibular rotational torque movement depicted between the condyles was automatically analysed by angle and difference in frontal and horizontal plane. The obtained data were processed with SAS program and the conclusion of this study were as follows : 1. Mean values of items between patients group and control group in Pantronic measurements were not significantly different except in left protrusive path and in Pantronic Reproducibility Index(PRI). There were no significant difference of condylar paths by preferred chewing side and affected side between the two groups. 2. The amount of mandibular rotational torque movements were differed in frontal angle and difference on protrusion, and in frontal and in horizontal difference on left excursion between the two groups. But the amounts of translatory movements were actually same on all eccentric movements. 3. The amount of mandibular rotational torque movements with splint mere almost not changed from those without splint, with the exception of in horizontal measurements on protrusion. 4. The correlations of items between in Pantronic measurements and in BioEGN measurements wert not consistently, significant, however, generally the ISS related significantly with horizontal torque movement positively, and with frontal torque movement negatively on the contrary, the PSS showed positive correlation with frontal torque movement, and negative correlation with horizontal torque movement.