• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.219-224
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• 2018

Artemisia annua L. (Compositae) is an annual herb, which has been traditionally used as an antipyretic and hemostatic agent with the herbal medicine name of Cheong Ho (菁蒿) in Korea and China. In this study, five di-caffeoylquinic acid derivatives and a coumarin were determined from the hot-water extract of aerial parts of A. annua. The structures of isolates were elucidated to be 1,3-di-O-caffeoylqunic acid (1), 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (2), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylqiunic acid (3), 1,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4) and 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5) and scopoletin (6). The presence of 1,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4) is firstly reported from A. annua in the current study.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.80-87
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• 2010

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis on the MeOH extract of Ligularia stenocephala leaves identified six caffeoylquinic acids, viz. 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl-mucoquinic acid, 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid, and 3-Ocaffeoylquinic acid using standard compounds, and determined the quantity of each extract. Percentage of total caffeoylquinic acids of the MeOH extract and its BuOH fraction were calculated as $67.83{\pm}3.79%$ and $94.52{\pm}1.84%$, respectively. Since the caffeoylquinic acid-rich MeOH extract exhibited a potent peroxynitrite-scavenging effect in vitro ($IC_{50}=0.87{\pm}0.33\;{\mu}g/ml$ (mean $\pm$ SEM)), the experiment was designed to identify whether or not that extract has an anti-obesity effect on rat obesity induced by high fat diet. Oral administration of the MeOH extract and its BuOH fraction abundant in caffeoylquinic acid decreased the rat body weight to the level of untreated group and decreased abdominal fat pad weight. The atherogenic index and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) values were restored by treatment, indicating that the caffeoylquinic acid-rich extract probably inhibited hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress caused by high fat diet. These results suggest that L. stenocephala in vegetable form or its caffeoylquinic acid-rich fraction (BuOH fraction) as an agent can be used for treatment or prevention of obesity.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.20-25
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• 2016

Five caffeoylquinic acids of Aster altaicus var. uchiyamae Kitamura (Compositae) leaves were identified using standard compounds by HPLC and determined as follows: 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4.92 ± 0.06 ㎎/g dried weight), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3.95 ± 0.13 ㎎/g), 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (1.39 ± 0.10 ㎎/g), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (chlorogenic acid, 8.05 ± 0.21 ㎎/g), 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4.97 ± 0.18 ㎎/g). The total content of five caffeoylquinic acids were calculated as 26.73 ± 0.26 ㎎/g dried weight while the percentage of the five compounds in the MeOH extract was calculated as 25.22 ± 0.25%. The IC₅₀ value of the MeOH extract scavenging peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻) was shown as 5.16 ± 0.15 ㎍/㎖.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.63-72
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to investigate bioactive compounds from three domestic tomato varieties (Rafito, Momotaro TY Winner, and Medison). Lycopene, ${\beta}-carotene$ and polyphenols were quantified and identified using HPLC and LC-MS/MS. The levels of lycopene ranged from 28.36 mg/100 g to 60.18 mg/100 g. The content of ${\beta}-Carotene$ ranged from 2.00 mg/100 g to 2.92 mg/100 g. Ten kinds of polyphenol compounds were identified: caffeic acid-hexose isomer (I), caffeic acid-hexose isomer (II), 3-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-caffeoylquinic acid, caffeoylquinic acid isomer, quercetin-3-apiosylrutinoside, quercetin-3-rutinoside, di-caffeoylquinic acid, tri-caffeoylquinic acid, and naringenin chalcone. The level of 5-caffeoylquinic acid was the highest in domestic tomato varieties, ranging from 12.71 mg/100 g to 28.40 mg/100 g. The content of quercetin-3-rutinoside ranged from 3.74 mg/100 g to 17.64 mg/100 g. The contents of 3-caffeoylquinic acid and quercetin-3-apiosylrutinoside were 1.01~2.31 mg/100 g and 5.84~6.83 mg/100 g, respectively. Arrestingly naringenin chalcone was found only in Medison variety (36.82 mg/100 g). These results revealed that domestic tomato can be a good source of bioactive compounds for human health.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.365-369
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• 2009

Six caffeoylquinic acids of Cacalia firma (Komarov) Nakai (Compositae) leaves were identified using standard compounds by HPLC. Each content of those compounds in dried weight was determined as follows: 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (1.44${\pm}$0.04 mg/g of dried weight), 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl-muce-quinic acid (2.47${\pm}$0.12 mg/g), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3.74${\pm}$0.24 mg/g), 5-caffeoylquinic acid (chlorogenic acid, 5.20${\pm}$0.09 mg/g), 3-caffeoylquinic acid (1.35${\pm}$0.01 mg/g) and 3-Op-coumaroylquinic acid (3.84${\pm}$0.25 mg/g). The total content of six caffeoylquinic acids in the plant material was calculated as 18.05${\pm}$0.69 mg/g while the percentage of the six compounds in the MeOH extract was calculated as 30.85${\pm}$1.18%. The $IC_{50}$ value of the MeOH extract scavenging peroxynitrite ($ONOO^-$) was shown as 3.22${\pm}$0.57 ${\mu}g$/ml.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.103 no.1
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• pp.113-121
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• 2014

From the bark of Euonymus japonica, ten compounds were isolated by column chromatography and identified as follows. The structures were determined as : (-)-epicatechin, (-)-epigallocatechin, vanillic acid, 2,4-dimethoxyphenol-1-glucoside, 2, 4, 6-trimethoxyphenol-glucoside, 5-caffeoylquinic acid, 4-caffeoyuinic acid, 3, 4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3, 5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 1, 5-dicaffeoylquinic acid.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.270-274
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• 2019

Anti-acetylcholinesterase (anti-AChE) activity and peroxynitrite scavenging activity of Ainsliaea acerifolia (Compositae) were studied to find its anti-Alzheimer's activity. The $IC_{50}$ was $73.4{\mu}g/mL$ in AChE assay and $8.60{\mu}g/mL$ in peroxynitrite assay. Caffeoylquinic acids that have been reported to have anti-Alzheimer's activity were analyzed in the leaf- and stem extract by HPLC. Caffeoylquinic acids occupied 25.1% of the leaf extract which was higher than 8.1% of the stem extract. Particularly, the content of 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (145.6 mg/g) was highest of the tested caffeoylquinic acids. In addition, the $IC_{50}$ values of 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid were shown to be $3.79{\mu}g/mL$ in peroxynitrite assay and $69.19{\mu}g/mL$ in anti-AChE assay.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.260-267
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• 2018

BACKGROUND: In this study, shoots of Aralia elata and Kalopanax pictus which belong to the Araliaceae family were analyzed using UPLC-DAD-ESI(+)-QToF/MS to characterize of individual phenolic acids. METHODS AND RESULTS: Total thirteen phenolic acids were identified, and nine hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives have been identified for the first time in shoots of Aralia elata and Kalopanax pictus. For total phenolic acid content (mg/100g dry weight), shoots of Aralia elata and Kalopanax pictus showed 754.8 and 845.3 mg/100g, respectively. 5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid (49%) and 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (44%) were found as major phenolic acids in Aralia elata, while 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (91%) was a major component in Kalopanax pictus. CONCLUSION: On comparing the two plants, it was considered that the biosynthesis of 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid can be affected by 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid in Aralia elata.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.20-25
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• 2010

Fourteen compounds were isolated from the n-BuOH fraction of the roots of Aralia cordata (syn. = A. continentalis). Through spectroscopic method, the chemical structures were elucidated as: caffeic acid (1), protocatechuic acid (2), thymidine (3), uridine (4), methyl-$\alpha$-D-fructofuranoside (5), a mixture (3 : 1) of $\beta$-D-fructopyranoside and $\beta$-D-fructofuranoside (6), 1-methyl 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-$\beta$-carboline-3-carboxylic acid (7), methyl-$\beta$-D-fructofuranoside (8), sucrose (9), 5-caffeoylquinic acid (chlorogenic acid) (10), 3-caffeoylquinic acid (neochlorogenic acid) (11), 4-caffeoylquinic acid (cryptochlorogenic acid) (12), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (13), and 1-kestose [$\beta$-D-fructofuranosyl-($2{\rightarrow}1$)-$\beta$-D-fructofuranosyl-($2{\rightarrow}1$)-$\alpha$-D-glucopyranoside] (14). Among them, compounds 5, 7, 8, and 10 - 14 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.476-481
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• 2020

This study investigated the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of Ainsliaea acerifolia water extract (AAWE) on HepG2 cells. Five types of caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) were detected in AAWE, namely, 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4,5-DCQA; 11.16 mg/g), 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3,4-DCQA; 5.23 mg/g), 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5-CQA; 4.88 mg/g), 3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (3,5-DCQA; 3.51 mg/g), and 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4-CQA; 3.31 mg/g). AAWE exerted ABTS⁺ antioxidant effects, evidenced by polyphenol content and 2,2'2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH radical scavenging) activities. AAWE (300 ㎍/mL) treatment significantly decreased the activities of gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) as compared to control and exerted protective effects against the increase in liver function index induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/galactosamine (D-GalN) in HepG2 cells. In addition, the secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α by HepG2 cells induced by LPS/D-GalN significantly increased in all treatment groups compared to that in the control. However, AAWE (100-300 ㎍/mL) treatment significantly decreased the secretion of TNF-α compared to that in the control. These results suggest that AAWE treatment reduces hepatotoxicity by increasing antioxidant activities, reducing GGT, AST, and LDH activities, and inhibiting TNF-α secretion.