• 한국가시화정보학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.94-102
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• 2023

Three design parameters were considered in this study: outlet nozzle angle (30°, 60°, 80°), neck length (1 mm, 3 mm), and flow rate (0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 lpm). A neck diameter of 0.5 mm induced cavitation flow at a venture nozzle. A secondary transparent chamber was connected after ejection to increase bubble duration and shape visibility. The bubble size was estimated using a Gaussian kernel function to identify bubbles in the acquired images. Data on bubble size were used to obtain Sauter's mean diameter and probability density function to obtain specific bubble state conditions. The degree of bubble generation according to the bubble size was compared for each design variable. The bubble diameter increased as the flow rate increased. The frequency of bubble generation was highest around 20 ㎛. With the same neck length, the smaller the CV number, the larger the average bubble diameter. It is possible to increase the generation frequency of smaller bubbles by the cavitation method by changing the magnification angle and length of the neck. However, if the flow rate is too large, the average bubble diameter tends to increase, so an appropriate flow rate should be selected.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.1189-1195
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• 2007

Small gas bubbles are used in many environmental and industrial processes for solid-liquid separations or to facilitate heat and mass transfer between phases. This study examines some of the factors that affect the bubble volume and size processed in the EF (electroflotation) process. The effect of electrode material, NaCl dosage, current and electrode distance were studied. The results showed that the generated bubble volume with electrode material lay in: Pt/Ti ${\fallingdotseq}$ Ru/Ti ${\fallingdotseq}$ Ir/Ti > Ti electrode. The more NaCl dosage was high, the smaller bubble was generated due to the low electric power. Bubble generation was increased with increase of current. With the increase of NaCl dosage, bubble generation was increased at same electric power (16.2 W). Generated bubble volume was not affected by electrode distance. However, no clear trends in bubble size as a function of these parameters were evident.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.230-235
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• 2009

본 논문은 3차원구조물의 유한요소해석을 위한 자동 유한요소 생성에 관한 것으로 퍼지이론과 버블요소 생성기법, 상용 솔리드모델러로 구성되어진다. 새로운 요소생성과정은 (a) 해석모델인 형상모델링 정의, (b) 버블생성, 그리고 (c) 요소생성으로 이루어진다. 형상모델링에는 상용 솔리드모델러를 이용하였으며 버블은 각 지점에서의 버블간격함수에 의해 생성되어진다. 버블간격 함수는 지식처리수법에 의해 조절되어 진다. 요소생성을 위해서는 기본적으로 데로우니방법을 도입하였다. 이러한 3차원 구조물에 대한 유한요소의 자동생성은 해석을 위해 큰 잇점이 있다. 실제적인 현 시스템의 효용성을 검증하기위해 3차원 형상에 대한 예를 제시하였다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.135-149
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• 2003

The bubble packing method is implemented for adaptive mesh generation in two and three dimensions. Bubbles on the boundary of a three-dimensional domain are controlled independently of the interior bubbles in the domain, and a modified octree technique is employed to place initial bubbles in the three-dimensional zone. Numerical comparisons are made with other mesh generation techniques to demonstrate the effectiveness of the present bubble packing scheme for two- and three-dimensional domains. It is shown that this bubble packing method provides a high quality of mesh and affordable control of mesh density as well.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권12호
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• pp.2771-2788
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• 2020

Experiments are conducted to study bubble flow behavior during the instability of subcooled boiling under uniform and non-uniform transverse heating. The non-uniform heat distribution introduces nonuniform bubble generation and condensation rates on the heated surface, which is different from the uniform heating. These bubble generation and condensation characteristics introduce a non-uniform local pressure distribution in the transverse direction, which creates an extra non-uniform pressure on the flowing bubbles. Therefore, different bubble flow behavior can be observed between uniform and non-uniform heating conditions. In the uniform heating, bubble velocity fluctuations are low, and the bubbles travel straight along the axial direction. In the non-uniform heating, more fluctuation in the bubble velocity occurs at low mass flow rate and high subcooled inlet temperatures, and reverse flow is observed. Additionally, the bubbles show a zigzag trajectory when they pass through the channel, which indicates the existence of cross flow in the transverse direction.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.2183-2188
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• 2009

본 논문은 3차원 균열의 유한요소해석을 위한 자동요소분할시스템에 대한 것으로, 논문의 구성은 퍼지지식처리, 버블메슁, 솔리드모델러로 구성된다. 새로운 요소분할과정은 (a) 해석모델인 기하학적 모델 정의, (b) 버블생성, (c), 요소분할로 구성되어 진다. 3차원 균열체를 위해 범용솔리드 모델러를 사용하였으며 버블은 존재하는 버블점들간의 거리가 그 점에서의 버블간격 함수와 유사한지를 결정하여 발생되어 진다. 버블간격 함수는 퍼지지식처리에 의해 잘 조절되어 진다. 요소생성에 관한 기본 툴로서는 데로우니기법이 사용되었다. 시스템의 실제적인 효용성을 검증하기 위해 3차원 균열에 대한 몇가지 예를 나타내었다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.454-459
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• 2003

The one of the most important subject to develop a LPDi engine is to suppress the generation of bubble inside LPG direct injector. For the purpose of this, in this study, the analogy visualization injector to visualize the generation and behavior of bubble, is manufactured and the bubbling phenomenon and behaviors are visualized and studied. The bubble inside the injector is generated at injection hole and after rising by buoyancy, it disappear around the top of a nozzle. The number of bubble generated is little changed regardless of the lapse of time but it is increased remarkably as the temperature around the injector is increased. With injection, the temperature around the injector at which the bubble is generated in_cylinder is much lower than that without injection because the transient pressure drop of fuel by injection.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제13권9호
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• pp.878-887
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• 2001

Experimental investigation has been carried out to examine the operating characteristics of a bubble pump for diffusion absorption refrigerator. The effects of heat input and delivery height on generation rate of refrigerant vapor and circulation rate of solution have been investigated. as a result heat input and delivery height increase, circulation rate of solution increases. And the smaller the tube diameter, the larger the circulation rate of solution. Pumping ratio increases to a critical point and then decrease with the increase of heat input, and it increases with the increase in delivery height. In this paper, Marcus's analytical theory was also examined. It was found that the Marcus\`s analytical theory of a bubble pump was not appropriate for a bubble pump using ammonia aqueous solution as a working fluid.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.566-574
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• 2021

The process of cavitation involves generation, growth, coalescence, and collapse of small bubbles and is tremendously influenced by bubble-bubble interactions. To understand these interactions, a new cavitation model based on the transport equation is proposed herein. The modified Rayleigh-Plesset equation is analyzed to determine the bubble growth rate by assuming equal-sized spherical bubble clouds. The source term in the transport equation is then derived according to the bubble growth rate with the bubble-bubble interaction. The proposed model is validated by various test simulations, including microscopic bubble cloud evolution as well as macroscopical two- and three-dimensional cavitating flows. Compared with previous models, namely the Kunz and Zwart cavitation models, the newly proposed model does not require adjustable parameters and generally results in better predictions both microscopic and macroscopical cases. This model is more physical.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.1004-1014
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• 2001

The fully automatic algorithm from initial finite element mesh generation to remeshing in two dimensional geometry is introduced using bubble packing method (BPM) for finite element analysis. BPM determines the node placement by force-balancing configuration of bubbles and the triangular meshes are made by Delaunay triangulation with advancing front concept. In BPM, we suggest two node-search algorithms and the adaptive/recursive bubble controls to search the optimal nodal position. To use the automatically generated mesh information in FEA, the new enhanced bandwidth minimization scheme with high efficiency in CPU time is developed. In the remeshing stage, the mesh refinement is incorporated by the control of bubble size using two parameters. And Superconvergent Patch Recovery (SPR) technique is used for error estimation. To verify the capability of this algorithm, we consider two elasticity problems, one is the bending problem of short cantilever beam and the tension problem of infinite plate with hole. The numerical results indicate that the algorithm by BPM is able to refine the mesh based on a posteriori error and control the mesh size easily by two parameters.