• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.275-281
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate the improvement of growth in Israeli carp (Cyprinus carpio), and the cross experiment was carried out with two strains of Israeli carp. Four combinations of Israeli carp from Jeonbuk fisheries farm and Songpu mirror carp from Heilong Jiang, China (KK; Jeonbuk ♀ ${\times}$ Jeonbuk ♂, KC; Jeonbuk ♀ ${\times}$ China ♂, CC; China ♀ ${\times}$ China ♂ and CK; China ♀ ${\times}$ Jeonbuk ♂) were developed and reared. Body length, body weight and condition factor were determined at 20, 40, 60 and 170 days post-hatch (DPH). The results showed that there were differences in growth rate of the four groups. Body length of four groups were CK > CC > KC > KK and body weight were CC > CK > KC > KK at 170 DPH. The growth perfomance of four groups were statistically significant difference (P<0.05). During the rearing, CC group had longer length and higher weight at 170 DPH compared to other three groups and also condition factor was highest in the CC group, but there was no significant difference in a survival rate. These results indicated that the growth performance mainly depended upon brooder combination but survival rate could not significantly affect brooder.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.404-410
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• 2017

Background: Hair loss related syndromes are increasing due to environmental pollution and stress. Hair care products are mainly prepared by mixing chemicals and natural extracts, such as those obtained from medicinal plants. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 70% ethanol extracts from the flowers of Calendula officinalis, fruit body of Phellinus linteus, and the whole plant of Houttuynia cordata on the growth of CCD-986 cells, hair follicle dermal papilla cells (HFDPC), and 3T3-L1 cells. Methods and Results: All sample extracts at all concentrations, except for that from P. linteus fruit body at $500{\mu}g/m{\ell}$, were cytotoxic to CCD-986 cells. However, none of the sample extracts were cytotoxic to HFDPC. The lipid differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells regulates hair regeneration via secretion of platelet derived growth factor. The 70% ethanol extract of H. cordata whole plant promoted hair growth. Adipogenesis rate significantly increased in a treatment concentration-dependent manner. Conclusions: These results suggest that 70% ethanol extracts of C. officinalis flower, P. linteus fruit body and H. cordata could be used for the development of hair care products.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.733-739
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the growth performance between six different Korean crossbred native chickens. A total of 312 one-day-old male chickens from the same paternal line with six different maternal lines were allocated into six groups (1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, and 6A) to give four replicate cages (13 birds per cage). Corn soybean meal based diets were provided as a starter (0 - 5 weeks: 20% crude protein [CP] and 3,050 kcal/kg metabolizable energy [ME]), grower (5 - 8 weeks: 18% CP, 3 and 100 kcal/kg ME) and finisher (8 - 12 weeks: 17% CP and 3,150 kcal/kg ME) diet. Chickens were able to access their respective feed and water ad libitum. In week 2, 2A had a lower body weight (p < 0.05) than that of the other groups. In contrast, in weeks 4 and 8, 2A had a higher body weight (p < 0.05). Similarly, in week 6, 2A had a higher body weight (p = 0.76) than that of the others. However, no difference (p > 0.05) was observed in the body weight after week 10. Meanwhile, 2A had a lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) than that of the other groups (p < 0.05) and a higher average daily feed intake (ADFI; p < 0.05) compared to the other groups in week 6. In conclusion, crossbred 2A had a lower growth performance in week 2; however, in weeks 4 and 6, 2A had a higher growth performance than that of the other groups. Based on this conclusion, we can use those results as a basis for further study.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.219-227
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• 2021

The effects of various feeding ratios on the growth, body composition, and blood chemistry of the juvenile mandarin fish Siniperca scherzeri (initial body weight 9.6 g) were examined in recirculating freshwater system equipped with 21, 300 L tanks at 20 fish per tank. The triplicate groups of seven feeding ratios treatments were prepared: 100% (control), 95%, 90%, 85%, 80%, 75%, and 70% of satiation. The feed amount of control group was determined by supplying with apparent satiation and then the feed amounts of the other six feeding groups were determined based on the feed amount of the control group. Fish were hand-fed with test diet (55.4% crude protein) for 10 weeks. Weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate of fish fed to 100% satiation were not significantly (p > 0.05) different from those of fish fed to ≥ 80% satiation but were significantly higher than those of fish fed to 75% and 70% satiation. Feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio, and protein retention of 100% satiation were not significantly different from those of 95% and 90% satiation but were significantly (p <0.05) lower than ≤ 85% satiation. Condition factor, hepatosomatic index, and coefficient variation were not significantly (p > 0.05) affected by feeding ratio. Whole body composition and contents of hematocrit, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, glucose, total protein, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in blood serum were not significantly (p > 0.05) affected by the feeding ratio; however, content of total cholesterol tended to decrease as the feeding ratio decreased. Using broken-line analysis of WG, it was suggested that the optimum feeding ratio of juvenile mandarin fish, ranging from 9.0 g to 37.0 g, appeared to be 87.7% of satiation without growth inhibition.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제56권5호
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• pp.734-740
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• 2023

The effect of feeding frequency on growth performance, body nutrient composition, and hematological parameters of juvenile chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta was investigated. The juveniles (10.9±0.3 g) were fed commercial feed for 30 days with feeding frequencies of 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 meal (s)/day (n=2 tanks per treatment) in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). Fish were fed to satiation at each of the feeding frequencies. At the end of the feeding trial, final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate of fish fed 2 meals/day were significantly higher than those of fish fed 1 meal/day(P<0.05); however, no difference was detected among the other feeding frequencies. Daily feed intake significantly increased with increasing feeding frequency, whereas feed and protein utilization efficiencies continuously decreased with increase in the feeding frequency. Among the treatments, fish fed 1 meal/day showed the lowest value in whole-body lipid content and total protein concentration in plasma. Taken together, the optimal feeding frequency for growth performance and feed utilization efficiency in chum salmon juveniles reared in the RAS was determined to be 2 meals/day.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권11호
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• pp.1755-1762
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• 2020

Objective: Thyroid hormone responsive spot 14 alpha (THRSP) has been used to investigate the regulation of de novo lipogenesis because the variation of THRSP mRNA content in the tissue affects directly the ability of that tissue to synthetize lipids. Also, this gene responds to thyroid hormone stimulation and high level of carbohydrate feeding or insulin-injection. This study was carried out to investigate variations within THRSP and their effects on body and carcass weights in Korean native chicken (KNC). Methods: A total of 585 chickens which represent the five lines of KNC (Black, Gray-Brown, Red-Brown, White, and Yellow-Brown) were reared and body weight data were recorded every two weeks from hatch until 20 weeks of age. Polymerase chain reaction- restriction fragment length polymorphism, DNA chips for Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer, and Fluidigm Genotyping Technology, were applied to genotype selected markers. A linear mixed-effect model was used to access association between these single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and growth-related traits. Results: A total of 30 polymorphisms were investigated in THRSP. Of these, nine SNPs for loci were selected to perform association analyses. Significant associations were detected between g.-49G>T SNP with body weight at 20 weeks of age (BW20), g.451T>C SNP with growth at 10 to 12 weeks of age (GR10-12), and g.1432A>C SNP with growth at 14 to 16 weeks trait (GR14-16) and body weight at 18 weeks of age (BW18). Moreover, diplotype of the THRSP gene significantly affected body weight at 12 weeks of age (BW12) and GR10-12 traits. Diplotype of ht1/ht2 was favorable for BW12 and GR10-12 traits. Conclusion: These results suggest that THRSP can be regarded as a candidate gene for growth traits in KNC.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제57호
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• pp.85-110
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• 2018

경호원은 경호 대상자의 신변을 외부의 우발상황과 위협에 대비하고 대처하기 위해 기본적인 체력훈련과 경호무도를 지속적으로 수련하고 있으며, 현재 경호전공 대학생들은 보편적으로 상대를 잡고 메치고 제압하는 기술을 유용하게 사용할 수 있는 경호무도 중 하나인 유도 수업을 의무적으로 실시하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 10주간의 유도수련 운동프로그램을 통해 체계적인 훈련이 경호무도전공 남자대학생들의 신체구성, 행동체력, 성장 호르몬 및 IGF-1에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 파악하여 경호무도로써 유도의 가치를 제고할 수 있는 객관적 자료를 제공하는데 의의를 두었으며, 그 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 10주간의 유도수련 후 근육량은 유의하게 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, 체지방률과 BMI 등은 유의하게 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 행동체력의 근력과 순발력은 유의하게 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, 성장호르몬은 유의하게 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때, 유도수련 대학생들은 전반적으로 신체구성은 긍정적으로 개선되었고 행동체력의 근력과 순발력은 향상되었으며, 성장호르몬을 증가 시켰다. 따라서 유도수련을 통한 근력과 성장호르몬의 증가는 신체의 근육의 발달로 인해 지방 분해를 촉진시키고 척추의 골밀도를 높여서 골절의 위험을 줄여 수련자들의 부상을 방지해 줄 것이다. 또한 비만 예방, 심혈관질환, 대사성질환을 방지하여 경호업무기능을 높여 주고 경호원으로서의 수명을 연장하는 계기가 될 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 1982

This study was designed to observe the effect of two levels of dietary protein intake on the development and growth of rats from fetus to adult. The pregnant rats were fed either 20% casein diet or 7% casein diet. After weaning or two weeks postweaning, some of the pups from malnourished mothers were rehabilitated by feeding 20% casein diet. The results were. 1. On the 14th day of gestation, no differences were found in weight and total body fat or protein between fetuses from dams fed 7% casein diet and those from those from 20% casein diet. 2. The birth weight of the pups from 7% casein diet group were significantly lower than those from 20% casein diet group. 3. After rehabilitation, the total body fat and protein of low protein group were not different from those of control group when they were compared at the same body weights regardless the age of rats or the duration on the low protein diet. 4. The nitrogen retention of low protein group, after rehabilitation, was higher than that of control group when they were compared at the same body weight.

• 한국양식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국양식학회 2003년도 추계학술발표대회 논문요약집
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• pp.72-72
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• 2003

A 10-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary glucose, dextrin and starch on growth and body composition of juvenile starry flounder. Triplicate groups of fish (average weight, 9.7 g) were fed iso-nitrogenous (53% CP) and iso-caloric (3.8 kcal/g diet) diets containing 20% glucose, 20% dextrin and 5-25% alpha-potato starch with 5-14% lipid levels. Survival was not affected by dietary carbohydrate. Weight gain, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the diet containing 20% glucose were the lowest among all groups. The best weight gain was observed in fish fed the diets containing 20% dextrin. Growth and feed efficiency were not affected by dietary -potato starch level. Lipid contents of whole body and liver were not affected by dietary glucose, dextrin and starch at the same level. However, the lipid contents tended to decrease with increasing dietary starch level and those of fish fed the diets containing 5% alpha-potato starch were significantly higher than those receiving 10-25% alpha-potato starch. Liver glycogen content and hepatosomatic index tended to increase with increasing dietary starch level. These results indicate that juvenile starry flounder are able to efficiently utilize dextrin and -potato starch compare to glucose in diets and that alpha-potato starch could be incorporated up to 25% in the diet for optimum growth by juvenile starry flounder.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.333-338
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• 2003

Transgenic mice containing GH Receptor (GHR) gene fused to metallothionein promoter were analyzed to evaluate effect of GHR expression on growth in vivo. Three founder mice lines contained copies of GHR transgene and transmitted these genes into F$_1$ and F$_2$ progenies. The mRNA expression of transgene was identified using RT-PCR with GHR genes in tissues. To analyze the effects of transgenes on growth performance, body weights of pups were measured at 4, 10 and 14 weeks after birth. The body weight of transgenic mice was higher compared with that of non-transgenic control mice regardless of sex (P<0.05). Body weights between transgenic and non-transgenic mice were increased with aging. Overall, GHR transgenic mice tended to grow about 10 to 15 ％ faster than non-transgenic mice without any pathological defects.