• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• v.50 no.4
• /
• pp.465-474
• /
• 2008

The amount of telomeric DNA was quantified across different breeds(Landrace, Duroc, Yorkshire and Berksire), at different ages(90 days old and 180 days old) and among sexes(male and female) in pigs raised at the Performance Testing Station of Korea Swine Association, Jinkyo, Korea. The telomeric DNA amount was quantified by Quantitative Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization(Q-FISH) using a porcine telomeric DNA probe on interphase nuclei of lymphocytes. Analysis revealed that the amount of telomeric DNA on the pig lymphocytes was found to decrease with age. The quantity of telomeres significantly differed among breeds at 90 days of age. The colored breeds such as Berkshire and Duroc had higher amount of telomeric DNA than the Yorkshire and Landrace breed. In addition, the amount of telomeric DNA in male lymphocytes was significantly higher than that of females. In the correlation coefficients between the telomere quantity and their productive traits; average daily gain, loin percent and index value were positively correlated, whereas body length, feed efficiency and back fat thickness correlated negatively. However, the correlation coefficients were very low and not significant. Therefore, this study suggests that the amount of telomeres on lymphocytes can be considered as a physiological marker but not as a productive marker in pig.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.311-317
• /
• 2010

In conclusion, rats were fed diets containing either NC, HC, HC-FDP, HC-WEP, or HC-EEP for 6 weeks. At the 6th week, increases in body weight and visceral fat were lower in the paprika fed groups as compared to the HC group. Serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and atherogenic index values were significantly lower in the paprika diet fed groups than the HC group (p<0.05). In particular, the lipid lowering effects in the HC-EEP group were superior among the paprika fed groups. Also, serum $\alpha$-tocopherol levels were lower in the control group compared to the paprika fed groups. The supplementation of paprika may exert lipid lowering effects and saving effect of $\alpha$-tocopherol in the serum of high-cholesterol diet fed rats. However, it should be noted that the results are based on very small sample numbers and a short experimental period.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.35 no.3
• /
• pp.519-526
• /
• 2003

Pancreatic lipase and ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibitory activities in purified extracts of pumpkin and job's tear were studied. Pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity was determined by measuring the rate of releasing oleic acid from triolein, and ${\alpha}$-amylase inhibitory activity was determined by iodometric method. The extracts of pumpkin and job's tear were purified using silica gel and C-18 gel column chromatographies. Treatment of pumpkin extract $(120\;{\mu}g/mL)$ in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte decreased differentiation about 95% and blocked accumulation of lipid. Body weights of rats fed high-fat diet containing dietary supplement decreased about 13% as compared with those fed only highfat diet. These results revealed dietary supplement is a good obesity-reducing material for decreasing lipid and carbohydrate absorptions.

• Herbal Formula Science
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.215-230
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Bojungikgitang(補中益氣湯), Soeumin bojungikgitang(少陰人 補中益氣湯) and its component groups on diabetes in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing $200{\pm}10\;gm$ were randomly assigned to one normal, one control and five experimental groups. The experimental groups was classified into to Bojungikgitang(B1 group), Soeumin bojungikgitang(B2 group), Bogihyulyak(B0 group), Siho-sengma(B1+ group) and Gwakhyang- soyeup(B2+ group). Diabetes was experimentally induced by abdomenal injection of 100 mg/kg of body weight of alloxan. Animals were sacrificed at the 6th day and 11th day of diabetic states. The results were obtained as follows: In carbohydrate metabolism, the level of glucose in control group was three-fold higher after alloxan injection than that of normal group. In B1, B2 groups the level of glucose was decreased by 39% and 43% compared with that of control group, and in component groups it was decreased by 73%, 81%, and 80% respectively. In fat metabolism, the level of triglyceride and total cholesterol in serum were lower in B1 and B2 groups with high significant difference and had similar tendency in components groups compared with that of control group. The level of HDL cholesterol on serum were increased in B1 and B2 group with significant difference. And in component group it had similar tendency compared with that of control group. In protein metabolism, the level of total protein and albumin were higher in B1 and B2 group with significant difference, and in component group also increased but with no significancy compared with control group. In kidney function, the level of creatinine group with significant difference, and other compared with control group. In liver function, the level of GOT, GPT, ${\gamma}$-GTP. ALP and bilirubin were lower in B1 and B2 group with significant difference, and in component had similar tendency compared with control group. But in the level of LDH, it was decreased with no significancy. These results indicate that Bojungikgitang(補中益氣湯), Soeumin bojungikgitang(少陰人 補中益氣湯) has strong effect on diabetes and it is useful to prevent diabetes, and in component groups the difference between B1+ and B2+ group was not significant.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• v.31 no.8
• /
• pp.1275-1284
• /
• 2018

Objective: A 28-d trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of diets with different energy and lipase levels on performance, nutrient digestibility, serum profiles, gut health, and carcass quality in broilers. Methods: A total of 720 one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers ($45.4{\pm}0.5g$) were randomly assigned to one of the following four treatments: i) RET, reduced energy treatment (metabolizable energy = 2,950 and 3,100 kcal/kg for starter and finisher diet), ii) BDT, basal diet treatment (metabolizable energy = 3,050 and 3,200 kcal/kg for starter and finisher diet, iii) RET015, RET+0.15 g/kg lipase, and iv) RET03, RET+0.3 g/kg lipase. There were 10 replications (cages) per treatment with 18 birds per cage. Results: During d 1 to 14, broilers fed BDT, RET015, and RET03 diets had higher (p<0.05) body weight gain than those fed RET diet. During d 1 to 14, 15 to 28 and the overall experiment, feed conversion ratio in RET03 treatment was lower (p<0.05) compared with RET treatment. On d 14, the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter (DM), ether extract (EE), and gross energy in RET03 treatment was higher (p<0.05) than those in RET treatment, while the ATTD of N was increased (p<0.05) by RET03 treatment. On d 28, broilers fed RET03 diet had higher (p<0.05) ATTD of DM than those fed RET and RET015 diets, while the ATTD of EE in BDT and RET03 treatments was increased (p<0.05) compared with RET and RET015 treatments. Broilers fed RET03 diet had higher villus height (VH) and VH:crypt depth (CD) ratio than those fed RET and BDT diets. The activity of pancreatic lipase in BDT and RET03 treatments was higher (p<0.05) than that in RET treatment. Conclusion: Taken together, lipase supplementation (3,000 U/kg feed) increased growth performance, nutrient digestibility, VH, VH:CD ratio and lipase activity, but decreased triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the abdominal fat percentage in broilers fed reduced energy diet.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.407-416
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the comparison of growth development, bone mineral density and nutrient intakes between double income families' preschool children(DIFPC) and full-time housewives' preschool children(FHPC). Subjects were 111 preschool children. Anthropometric characteristics and bone mineral density in right forearm were measured. The questionnaire was composed of health status, life style, dietary behaviors, and dietary intakes and was completed by the children's mothers. The average age of the DIFPC(n=60) was 53.02 months and that of the FHPC(n=51) was 54.80 months. The birth height and weight of the subjects were 50.47㎝ and 3.27㎏ for DIFPC and 50.85㎝ and 3.36㎏ for FHPC, respectively. The average height, weight, % body fat, and obesity index were 108.50㎝, 18.35㎏, 15.35%, 96.71% in DIFPC and 111.46㎝, 19.64㎏, 16.80%, 97.31% in FHPC, respectively. The bone mineral density in forearm of two groups were 0.24g/㎠ in all. The infant feeding method was significantly different between DIFPC and FHPC; 58.9% of DIFPC was fed formula, while 44.4% of FHPC was fed breast milk(p<0.05). Proportions of children for their regular meal were 59.4%, 89.6%, and 61.0% for breakfast, lunch, and dinner, respectively. The major reasons for irregular meal were lack of time and poor appetite for breakfast and snacks for lunch and dinner. Most of the children answered they have snack over once a day, and 60.0% have unbalanced diet. The intakes of energy, calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin B1, niacin, and vitamin C did not meet the Korean RDAs. The intakes of K and vitamin A for DIFPC were significantly higher than those of FHPC(p<0.05, p<0.05). In conclusion, double income families' preschool children more have a low frequency of breast feeding and low intakes of micro nutrients, such as K and vitamin A than full-time housewives' ones.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.30 no.4
• /
• pp.703-709
• /
• 2001

To compare the hypolipidemic effects of perilla oil with different kinds of dietary fat and oil forty eight 20 days old male Wistar rats were fed one of the following diets for 4 weeks: basal diet for control containing 9.4 w/w% corn oil(CO), 9.4 w/w% beef tallow (BO), 9.4 w/w% perilla oil(PO) and 4.7 w/w% beef tallow plus 4.7% perilla oil(BP). The amount of diet consumed and body weight gain rate were not significantly different among the four dietary groups. The levels of plasma triglyceride and total cholesterol in PO group were significantly lower than those of BO and BP groups. PO group also had significantly lower LDL-cholesterol in BP group were than other groups. The levels of plasma triglyceride tatal-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol in BP group were significantly lower than those in BO group by 9.2%, 10.3% and 18.6% respectively. Plasma glutamic oxaloacetic transferase and alkaline phosphatase activities and uric acid levels in PO group were significantly higher than other groups and were somewhat beyond the normal levels. These findings showed that perilla oil with hypolicpidemic effects could have some adverse effects on hepatic and other organic functions in rats.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.32 no.8
• /
• pp.1377-1384
• /
• 2003

This study investigated the effects of different types of dietary fats and fibers on the concentrations of serum and liver lipids and biochemical index in male Sprague-Dawley rats for 6 weeks. The experimental groups were divided into three groups; 5% corn oil +5% cellulose (CO group),10% corn oil +10% psyllium husk (CO +PH group) and 10% lard +10% psyllium husk (LA+ PH group). Body weight gain and FER (food efficiency ratio%) decreased significantly in the LA+PH group and decreased slightly in the CO+PH group compared with the CO group. Food intake and tissue weights were not significantly different among the dietary groups. Concentrations of serum total cholesterol decreased significantly in the CO + PH group compared with the CO group, but no significant different in the LA + PH group. Concentrations of serum triglyceride and phospholipid decreased significantly in the CO+PH and the LA+PH groups compared with the CO group. Liver cholesterol concentration was significantly decreased in the LA+PH group compared with the CO and the CO+PH groups. Glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity was significantly increased in the LA + PH group compared with the CO and the CO + PH groups. However, lactate dehydrogenase and blood urea nitrogen was significantly decreased in the LA+ PH group compared with the CO and the CO +PH groups. The others biochemical parameters, total protein, albumin, glucose, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase were not significantly different among the dietary groups. These results showed that the lowering effect of dietary psyllium husk on serum lipid concentrations was more pronounced in the corn oil -feeding group than in the lard-feeding group as dietary fat source.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.53 no.3
• /
• pp.271-280
• /
• 2014

Some bacterial metabolites of Xenorhabdus nematophila (Xn) inhibit phospholipase $A_2$ ($PLA_2$) activity to shutdown eicosanoid biosynthesis in target insects. However, little has been known about the target insect $PLA_2$ of these bacterial metabolites. Eight bacterial metabolites identified in Xn culture broth exhibited significant insecticidal activities against larvae of both lepidopteran species of Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera exigua. Moreover, these bacterial metabolites significantly enhanced insecticidal activities of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). To determine target $PLA_2$, we cloned and over-expressed cellular $PLA_2$ ($SecPLA_2$) of S. exigua. Purified $SecPLA_2$ catalyzed phospholipids derived from the fat body and released several polyunsaturated fatty acids. Most Xn metabolites significantly inhibited $SecPLA_2$ activity, but were different in their inhibitory activities. There was a positive correlation between the inhibition of $SecPLA_2$ and the enhancement of Bt insecticidal activity. These results indicate that $SecPLA_2$ is a molecular target inhibited by Xn metabolite.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.193-204
• /
• 1998

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and disability in Korea. Their risk factors can be classified as either modifiable or nonmodifiable and among modifiable factors are high bood pressure, elevated blood cholesterol, obesity and cigarette smoking. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk factors for the cardiovascular diseases in a rural community and to get basic data for the development of a community-based rick reduction intervention program. Evaluation involved population-based, cross-sectional samples of adult residents in a rurual community. We measured blood pressure, body fat percent by bioelectric impedance fatness analyzer and serum cholesterol and interviewed adult residents over 20-year-old age. Blood pressure was checked twice and hypertension was classified by the sixth report of the Joint National Committee on Detection. Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. The Cutpoints for high blood cholesterol was used National Cholesterol Treatment Guidelines and those for obesity was 25% in male. 30% in female. The results were as follows: 1. Prevalence of definitive hypertension was 59.7% in males and 54.4% in female. 2. Prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 14.3% in male and 18.2% in female. 3. Prevalence of obese was 10.7% in male and 41.1% in female. 4. Among definitive hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and obesity 52.1% possessed one risk factor, 12.6% two risk factors and 2.5% three risk factors in males. In females 41.4% possessed one risk factor and 27.6%. 5.7% respectively. 5. The smoking rate was 65.8% in males and 5.2% in females. Our results are used effectively for the community-based intervention towards cardiovascukr diseases risk reduction. However, because of limitations in our study design, further datas are needed including other risk factors and in-person clinical datas.