• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.174-183
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• 2012

The effects of dietary fiber extracted from pumpkin (pumpkin fiber) on physicochemical properties, textural properties, and sensory characteristics of chicken frankfurters were investigated. Chicken frankfurter was supplemented with pumpkin fiber at levels of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4%. Adding different levels of pumpkin fiber affected the proximate composition of the chicken frankfurters (p<0.05), except for protein content. In addition of different levels of pumpkin fiber influenced the physicochemical and textural properties of the chicken frankfurters (p<0.05). The yellowness, viscosity, and hardness were higher in chicken frankfurters samples containing pumpkin fiber than those in the control (p<0.05). The results showed that chicken frankfurter samples with higher pumpkin fiber levels had lower lightness values (p<0.05), as well as less cooking loss, emulsion stability, and lower color scores (p<0.05) compared to those control without pumpkin fiber treatment. The chicken frankfurters with 2% and 3% pumpkin fiber had higher overall acceptability than that of the control (p<0.05). The results show that adding pumpkin fiber produced acceptable chicken frankfurters and improved their quality characteristics.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.61-70
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• 1996

In cementless total hip arthroplasty(THA), an initial stability of the femoral component is mandatory to achieve bony inyowth and secondary long term fixation. Primary stability of the femoral component can be obtained by minimizing the magnitude of relative micromotions at bone stem interface. An accurate evaluation of interf'ace micromotion and stress/strain fields in the bone-implant system may be relevant for better understanding of clinical situations and improving THA design. Recently finite element method(FEM) was introduced in'orthopaedic research field due to its unique capacity to evaluate stress in structure of complex shape, loading and material behavior. The authors developed the 3-dimensional finite element model of proximal femur with $Multilock^{TM}$ stem of 1179 blick elements to analyse the micromotions and mechanical behaviors at the bone-stem inteface in early post-operative period for the load simulating single leg stance. The results indicates that the values of relative motion for this well fit stem were $150{\mu}m$ in maximum $82{\mu}m$ in minimum and the largest relative motion was developed in medial region of Proximal femur and in anterior-posterior direction. The motion in the proximal bone was much greater than in the distal bone and the stress pattern showed high stress concentration on the cortex near the tip of the stem. These findings indicate that the loading on the hip joint in the early postoperative situation before achieving bony ingrowth could produce large micromotion of $150{\mu}m$ and clinicaly non-cemented THA patient should not be allowed weight bearing strictly early in the postoperative period.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.142-146
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• 2008

In order to understand the protein functions that are related to disease, it is important to detect the correlation between amino acid mutations and disease. Many mutation studies about disease-related proteins have been carried out through molecular biology techniques, such as vector design, protein engineering, and protein crystallization. However, experimental protein mutation studies are time-consuming, be it in vivo or in vitro. We therefore performed a bioinformatic analysis of known disease-related mutations and their protein structure changes in order to analyze the correlation between mutation and disease. For this study, we selected 111 diseases that were related to 175 proteins from the PDB database and 710 mutations that were found in the protein structures. The mutations were acquired from the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD). We selected point mutations, excluding only insertions or deletions, for detecting structural changes. To detect a structural change by mutation, we analyzed not only the structural properties (distance of pocket and mutation, pocket size, surface size, and stability), but also the physico-chemical properties (weight, instability, isoelectric point (IEP), and GRAVY score) for the 710 mutations. We detected that the distance between the pocket and disease-related mutation lay within $20\;{\AA}$ (98.5%, 700 proteins). We found that there was no significant correlation between structural stability and disease-causing mutations or between hydrophobicity changes and critical mutations. For large-scale mutational analysis of disease-causing mutations, our bioinformatics approach, using 710 structural mutations, called "Structural Mutatomics," can help researchers to detect disease-specific mutations and to understand the biological functions of disease-related proteins.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.2156-2162
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• 2012

Many literatures focus on the biological relevance and the identification of biomarkers for disease activity assessment while less attention has been paid to the development of standard procedures for sample preparation and storage based on liquid chromatography technique. The influencing factors including protein precipitation, storage temperature, storage time, and reconstitution by ultra pure water were analyzed employing HPLC-DAD. The effects were investigated from five participants over three months by principal components analysis (PCA) and the values of percent changes (PC). The samples with protein precipitation might slow the rate of bacterial enzymatic conversion. After protein precipitation, the average PC of urine samples ($0.136{\pm}0.013$, n = 5) is relatively less than that of the serum samples ($0.173{\pm}0.026$, n = 5) for three months. Minimal effects on metabolic profiles of serum and urine (PC < 0.15) are reasonable for metabolomic studies after protein precipitation and storage at $-20^{\circ}C$ for two months.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.20-26
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• 2016

This study aims to examine the optimum blanching conditions as a pretreatment condition to improve the storage stability of Dolsan leaf mustard pickle. The effects of the blan- ching temperature and time were investigated at a temperature range of $80-100^{\circ}C$. Sampling was done for 1 month after a 5 days interval. The L value of the Dolsan leaf mustard was found to be the highest at $80^{\circ}C$. The cutting force increased as the blanching temperature increased. The tensile strength decreased at $95^{\circ}C$ and $100^{\circ}C$. In addition, the sensory evaluation scores were the best at $80^{\circ}C$. The storage stability was assessed at various blanching temperatures to increase the sinigrin content during storage. Liquid chromatography with photodiode array and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-PDA/MS/MS) analysis was conducted to identify and quantify the sinigrin content in the Dolsan leaf mustard. Sinigrin as an internal standard was co-injected into each sample solution. The sample was monitored by recording the ultraviolet absorbance at 228 nm and by electrospray ionization (ESI) positive ion mode in the m/z 50-1,500 range. Blanching the sample at $80^{\circ}C$ showed the highest sinigrin concentration during storage among various temperatures and the maximum concentration was 350 ppm at 15 days storage. Study on utilization of vegetable from food processing of leaf mustard and preservation conservation results suggest that blanching at $80^{\circ}C$ is expected to improve the palatability of the pickle.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.1613-1620
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• 2012

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a devastating disease of many economically important crops. Since there is no promising control strategy for bacterial wilt, phage therapy could be adopted using virulent phages. We used phage PE204 as a model lytic bacteriophage to investigate its biocontrol potential for bacterial wilt on tomato plants. The phage PE204 has a short-tailed icosahedral structure and double-stranded DNA genome similar to that of the members of Podoviridae. PE204 is stable under a wide range of temperature and pH, and is also stable in the presence of the surfactant Silwet L-77. An artificial soil microcosm (ASM) to study phage stability in soil was adopted to investigate phage viability under a controlled system. Whereas phage showed less stability under elevated temperature in the ASM, the presence of host bacteria helped to maintain a stable phage population. Simultaneous treatment of phage PE204 at $10^8$ PFU/ml with R. solanacearum on tomato rhizosphere completely inhibited bacterial wilt occurrence, and amendment of Silwet L-77 at 0.1% to the phage suspension did not impair the disease control activity of PE204. The biocontrol activities of phage PE204 application onto tomato rhizosphere before or after R. solanacearum inoculation were also investigated. Whereas pretreatment with the phage was not effective in the control of bacterial wilt, post-treatment of PE204 delayed bacterial wilt development. Our results suggested that appropriate application of lytic phages to the plant root system with a surfactant such as Silwet L-77 could be used to control the bacterial wilt of crops.

• 공업화학
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.790-793
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• 2005

최근 인간의 생명 연장과 건강 등에 관심이 많아지면서 약학 및 의학계는 생체 내에서 보다 안정적이며 효과를 나타낼 수 있는 약물 전달 시스템의 개발에 많은 힘을 기울이고 있는 실정이다. 수많은 생화학 연구자들은 키토산이 인체에 거부반응이 없으며 약물과 백신의 전달을 효율적이고 안전하게 흡착능력을 향상시킨다는 것을 밝혀 왔다. 또한 그것은 생분해성, 생체 친화적이라는 장점 때문에 약물 방출 조절에 적당하다고 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 생명고분자인 키토산의 나노입자를 제조하여 농도, pH, 최적 온도에서 약물 전달 조절을 in vivo 조건에서 수행하였다. 인슐린을 담지한 키토산 나노입자는 당뇨성 쥐의 혈당을 효과적으로 낮춰 줄 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.560-565
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• 1997

The physicochemical properties of melatonin (MT) in propylene glycol (PG) and 2-hydroxypropyl-.betha.-cyclodextrin $(2-HP{\beta}CD)$ vehicles were characterized. MT was endothermally decomposed as determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Melting point and heat of fusion obtained were $116.9{\pm}0.24^{\circ}C $.and $7249{\pm}217 cal/mol$., respectively. MT as received from a manufacture was very pure, at least 99.9%. The solubility of MT in PG solution increased slowly until reaching 40% PG and then steeply increased. Solubility of MT increased linearly as concentration of $2-HP{\beta}CD$ without PG INCREASED$(R^2=0.993)$. MT solubility in the mixtures of pg and $2-HP{\beta}CD$ also increased linearly but was less than the sum of its solubility in $2-HP{\beta}CD$ and PG individually. The MT solubility was low in water, simulated gastric or intestinal fluid but the highest in the mixture of PG(40v/v%) and $2-HP{\beta}CD$ (30w/v%) although efficiency of MT solubilization in $2-HP{\beta}CD$ decreased as the concentration of PG increased. MT was degraded in a fashion of the first order kinetics $(r^2>0.90)$. MT was unstable in strong acidic solution (HCl-NaCl buffer, pH 1.4) but relatively stable in other pH values of 4-10 at $70^{\circ}C$. In HCl-NaCl buffer, MT in 10% PG was more quickly degraded and then slowed dpwm at a higher concentration. However, the degradation rate constant of MT in 2-HP.betha.CD was not changed significantly when compared to the water. The current studies can be applied to the dosage formulations for the purpose of enhancing percutaneous absorption or bioavailability of MT.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.381-391
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• 2018

본 연구는 충청남도 보령시에 위치한 보령댐의 도수 전과 후의 저서성 대형무척추동물상을 비교 분석하여 인위적 교란에 대한 영향을 파악하고자 하였다. 조사시기는 2016년 4월부터 2017년 9월까지 총 8회에 걸쳐 조사하였으며, 조사지점은 방류되는 지점부터 총 4개의 지점을 선정하였다. 저서성 대형무척추동물은 총 4문 7강 19목 70과 125종 13,447개체가 출현하였다. 군집분석 결과 우점도 0.55(${\pm}0.07$)에서 0.47(${\pm}0.08$), 다양도 2.06(${\pm}0.26$)에서 2.23(${\pm}0.28$), 균등도 0.69(${\pm}0.05$)에서 0.70(${\pm}0.04$), 풍부도 3.43(${\pm}0.72$)에서 4.03(${\pm}0.91$)으로 나타났다. 도수 이후 우점도는 감소하고 다양도, 균등도, 풍부도는 증가하는 안정적인 군집구조로 나타났다. 기능군 분석 결과 도수 이후 섭식기능군은 긁어먹는 무리, 걸러먹는무리의 비율은 증가하고 썰어먹는무리, 주워먹는무리의 비율은 감소하였으며, 서식기능군은 기어오르는 무리와 붙는무리의 비율은 증가하고 굴파는무리와 기는무리의 비율은 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 군집안정성 분석결과 도수 이후 St. 1과 St. 2는 저항력과 회복력이 감소하여 III 특성군에 새로운 종이 출현하였으며, St. 3과 St. 4는 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 다차원척도법 분석 결과 도수 이후 St. 1에서 유사도의 변화가 가장 높은 것으로 나타났으며, St. 4에서 유사도의 변화가 가장 낮은 것으로 나타났다.

• 청정기술
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.81-90
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• 2019

프로페인($C_3H_8$)의 건식 개질($CO_2$ 개질)을 통한 합성 가스($H_2$와 CO 혼합물) 제조를 위해 $Ni-CeO_2/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ 촉매가 충진된 유전체 장벽 방전 플라즈마 반응기를 사용하였다. 열 또는 플라즈마에 의해 환원된 $Ni-CeO_2/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ 촉매를 사용하여 $C_3H_8/CO_2$ 비율 1/3, 총 유량 $300mL\;min^{-1}$에서 플라즈마-촉매 건식 개질을 수행하였다. 건식 개질에 대한 촉매 활성은 온도범위 $500{\sim}600^{\circ}C$에서 평가되었다. $Ni-CeO_2/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ 촉매 제조를 위해 전구물질 수용액(질산니켈, 질산세륨)으로 함침된 ${\gamma}-Al_2O_3$를 공기 분위기에서 소성시킨 후, $H_2/Ar$ 분위기에서 환원시켰다. 촉매 특성 조사에는 X-선 회절분석기(XRD), 투과전자현미경(TEM), 전계 방출 주사전자현미경(FE-SEM), 승온 탈착($H_2-TPD$, $CO_2-TPD$) 및 라만 분광기가 이용되었다. 열로 환원된 촉매와 비교하면 플라즈마 방전하에서 환원된 $Ni-CeO_2/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$ 촉매가 개질 반응을 통한 합성 가스 생산에서 보다 우수한 촉매 활성을 나타내었다. 또한, 플라즈마로 환원된 $Ni-CeO_2/{\gamma}-Al_2O_3$가 개질 반응의 문제점인 탄소퇴적 관점에서 장기 촉매 안정성을 보여주었다.