• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.1104-1111
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• 2017

본 연구는 호흡마사지법으로 생체에너지(기) 순환을 고찰하고자 하였다. 수 천 년 전부터 자연과의 조화를 통해 깨달음을 얻은 선조들은 자연호흡법으로 기에너지의 생성과 승강운동조절을 통하여 무병장수 하였으며, 춥고 배고픈 시절에 복부의 소중함을 체험한 할머니는 부드러운 약손으로 생명의 바다인 복부를 통해 질병을 치유해 주셨다. 이처럼 자연호흡과 할머니의 부드러운 약손의 감성인식 및 동양의학의 핵심내용인 기일원론(氣一元論)의 바탕으로 배꼽호흡테라피가 형성되었다. 자연호흡과 약손 마사지로 기에너지의 생성과 승강운동을 통하여 복부를 다스려 자연계와 인체내 외의 동태적 평형상태를 유지시킴으로써 몸과 마음의 변화를 가져와 자연스럽게 질병을 치유하여 신체의 항상성을 유지시켜주는 자연치유법이라 할 수 있다. 배꼽호흡테라피를 적극 활용될 수 있는 실무 확산의 계기를 마련하고, 이를 통해 과학적인 임상연구 실무적용에 널리 활용될 것으로 기대한다.

• 화훼연구
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2011

창포는 한국에 자생하는 수생식물로 약용뿐만 아니라 phytoremediation과 수질정화 식물로도 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 창포의 기내 식물체에 다양한 선량(20-500 Gy)의 감마선을 조사하여, 방사선의 효과 및 감수성을 확인하기 위해 2달후 생존율, 신초형성율 및 생장율을 측정하였다. 생존율과 신초형성율은 감마선 선량이 증가할수록 현저하게 감소하였다. 기내에서 저선량을 조사한 식물체의 생장율은 대조구에 비해 오히려 증가하였으나, 250 Gy 이상에서는 생장이 멈추거나 유의하게 감소하였으며, 반치사선량($LD_{50}$)은 240 Gy로 다른 식물종의 $LD_{50}$보다 훨씬 높은 선량이었다. 창포에서 저선량을 조사하였을 때 생장율이 증가하는 방사선호메시스(radiation hormesis) 효과를 확인하였다.

• STI Policy Review
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.65-95
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• 2014

The recent decades have seen a growing rate of international cooperation in science, technology, and innovation (STI) including in the field of green technologies. However, current approaches to national systems of innovation (NSI) have not kept up with this development. International aspects are rather treated as external conditions within which policymakers operate and respond but not influence. This paper tackles this problem by applying a refined NSI concept that includes an international dimension and complements past frameworks by focusing on those Korean government policies, actors, and activities relevant for the internationalization of STI. Austria and Korea have both formulated differing strategies to acquire international leading positions in the field of innovation and the development of green technologies. In the first step, the paper assesses Korea's international activities within the field of green technologies that transcend national boundaries and establish international connections. The government has still a strong influence on selecting technology areas for strategic funding but our findings show that international STI actors have difficulties in identifying the appropriate point of contact to initiate cooperation or apply for related funding. Second, an external perspective on Korea's international collaborations in the field of green technologies is offered. Austria has tentatively identified the East Asian country as a second-priority cooperation partner for its future STI internationalization activities. Interviews with Austrian stakeholders in the field of green technologies indicate a high interest in cooperation with Korea that is facilitated by a similar business culture based on personal networks. Moreover, researchers and policymakers referred to a shared need of small countries for intelligent decision-making processes regarding potential cooperation partners abroad. However, in order to enhance awareness, visibility and demand for Korean STI cooperation in European countries, more long-term funding programs featuring a more permanent point of contact should be introduced.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제44권6호
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• pp.1286-1294
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• 2011

This paper reviews the future directions and perspectives on the soil environmental researches in the 21 century. Previously, the principal emphasis of soil environmental researches had put on the enhancement of food and fiber productions. Beside the basic function of soil, however, the societal needs on soil resources in the 21st century have demands for several environmental and social challenges, occurring regionally or globally. Typical global issues with which soil science should deal include food security with increasing agronomic production to meet the exploding world population growth, adaptation and mitigation of climate change, increase of the carbon sequestration, supply of the biomass and bioenergy, securing the water resource and quality, protection of environmental pollution, enhancing the biodiversity and ecosystem health, and developing the sustainable farming/cropping system that improve the use efficiency of water and agricultural resources. These challenges can be solved through the sustainable crop production intensification (SCPI) or plant welfare concept in which soil plays a key role in solving the abovementioned global issues. Through implementation of either concept, soil science can fulfill the goal of the modern agriculture which is the sustainable production of crops while maintaining or enhancing the ecosystem function, quality and health. Therefore, directions of the future soil environmental researches should lie on valuing soil as an ecosystem services, translating research across both temporal and spatial scales, sharing and using data already available for other purposes, incorporating existing and new technologies from other disciplines, collaborating across discipline, and translating soil research into information for stakeholders and end users. Through the outcomes of these approaches, soil can enhance the productivity from the same confined land, increase profitability, conserve natural resource, reduce the negative impact on environment, enhance human nutrition and health, and enhance natural capital and the flow of ecosystem services. Soil is the central dogma, final frontier and new engine for the era of sustainability development in the $21^{st}$ century and thus soil environmental researches should be carried according to this main theme.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.1002-1007
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• 2010

본 연구는 균근균 접종이 포도삽목묘의 생장에 미치는 영향과 균근 형성율 그리고 형성 양상을 구명하고자 수행하였다. 포도 삽목시, 균근균 접종원을 처리한 거봉과 탐나라 품종은 무 접종처리 보다 엽수, 엽면적, 총 뿌리길이 그리고 뿌리 표면적이 크게 증가하였다. 그러나 켐벨어리 품종의 총 뿌리길이와 뿌리 표면적은 무처리구 (AMF-)와 비교하여 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 접종 8주후 균근균 접종 처리구 (AMF+)의 형성율은 22.5-32.5%이었으며, 12주 후 켐벨어리, 탐나라 그리고 거봉의 균근 형성율은 각각 29.6%, 28.8% 그리고 48.8%이었다. 반면 균근균 무처리구 (AMF-)는 균근형성 수준이 매우 낮았다.

• 공업화학
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.205-213
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• 2021

The present study aimed to determine the effect of co-pyrolysis of sawdust biomass and scrap tyre waste employing different blending ratios of sawdust to waste tyre such as 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100. The thermochemical characterization of feedstocks was carried out by employing the proximate, ultimate analysis, and thermogravimetric (TGA) analyses, calorific values, and scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive x-ray analysis (SEM-EDX) to select the blending ratio having better bioenergy potential amongst the studied ratios. The blending ratio of 25:75 (sawdust to waste tyre) was selected for the co-pyrolysis study in a fixed-bed pyrolysis reactor system based on its solid biofuels properties such as heating value (30.18 MJ/kg), and carbon (71.81 wt%) and volatile matter (63.82 wt%) contents. The pyrolysis temperatures were varied as 500, 600 and 700 ℃ while the other parameters such as heating rate and nitrogen flowrate were maintained at 30 ℃/min and 0.5 L/min respectively. The bio-oil yields as 31.9, 47.1 and 61.2 wt%, bio-char yields as 34.5, 34.2 and 31.4 wt% and gaseous product yields as 33.6, 18.60 and 7.3 wt% at the pyrolysis temperatures of 500, 600 and 700 ℃ respectively were obtained. The blends of sawdust and waste tyres showed the improved energy characteristics which could provide the solution for the beneficial management of sawdust and scrape tyre wastes via co-pyrolysis processing.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.278-288
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• 2021

The development of bioenergy through biomass has gained importance due to the increasing rates of fossil fuel depletion. Biomass is important to increase the productivity of bioethanol, and production of biomass with high biomass productivity, low lignin content, and high cellulose content is also important in this regard. Inorganic salts are important in the cultivation of biomass crops for the production of biomass with desirable characteristics. In this study, the roles of various inorganic salts in biomass and bioethanol production were investigated using an in vitro tobacco culture system. The inorganic salts evaluated in this study showed dramatic effects on tobacco plant growth. For example, H₂PO₄ substantially improved plant growth and the root/shoot (R/S) ratio. The chemical compositions of tobacco plants grown in media after removal of various inorganic salts also showed significant differences; for example, lignin content was high after Mg²⁺ removal treatment and low after K⁺ treatment and H₂PO₄ removal treatment. On the other hand, NO₃^- and H₂PO₄ treatments yielded the highest cellulose content, while enzymatic hydrolysis yielded the highest glucose concentration ratio 24 h after NH₄⁺ removal treatment. The ethanol productivity after H₂PO₄ removal treatment was 3.95% (w/v) 24 h after fermentation and 3.75% (w/v) after 36 h. These results can be used as the basis for producing high-quality biomass for future bioethanol production.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.244-255
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• 2019

Xylose isomerase (XI; E.C. 5.3.1.5) catalyzes the isomerization of xylose to xylulose, which can be used to produce bioethanol through fermentation. Therefore, XI has recently gained attention as a key catalyst in the bioenergy industry. Here, we identified, purified, and characterized a XI (PbXI) from the psychrophilic soil microorganism, Paenibacillus sp. R4. Surprisingly, activity assay results showed that PbXI is not a cold-active enzyme, but displays optimal activity at $60^{\circ}C$. We solved the crystal structure of PbXI at $1.94-{\AA}$ resolution to investigate the origin of its thermostability. The PbXI structure shows a $({\beta}/{\alpha})_8$-barrel fold with tight tetrameric interactions and it has three divalent metal ions (CaI, CaII, and CaIII). Two metal ions (CaI and CaII) located in the active site are known to be involved in the enzymatic reaction. The third metal ion (CaIII), located near the ${\beta}4-{\alpha}6$ loop region, was newly identified and is thought to be important for the stability of PbXI. Compared with previously determined thermostable and mesophilic XI structures, the ${\beta}1-{\alpha}2$ loop structures near the substrate binding pocket of PbXI were remarkably different. Site-directed mutagenesis studies suggested that the flexible ${\beta}1-{\alpha}2$ loop region is essential for PbXI activity. Our findings provide valuable insights that can be applied in protein engineering to generate low-temperature purpose-specific XI enzymes.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.77-83
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• 2019

Chlorine dioxide ($ClO_2$) can be used as an alternative disinfectant for controlling fungal contamination during postharvest storage. In this study, we tested the in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of gaseous $ClO_2$ against Diaporthe batatas SP-d1, the causal agent of sweetpotato dry rot. In in vitro tests, spore suspensions of SP-d1 spread on acidified potato dextrose agar were treated with various $ClO_2$ concentrations (1-20 ppm) for 0-60 min. Fungal growth was significantly inhibited at 1 ppm of $ClO_2$ treatment for 30 min, and completely inhibited at 20 ppm. In in vivo tests, spore suspensions were drop-inoculated onto sweetpotato slices, followed by $ClO_2$ treatment with different concentrations and durations. Lesion diameters were not significantly different between the tested $ClO_2$ concentrations; however, lesion diameters significantly decreased upon increasing the exposure time. Similarly, fungal populations decreased at the tested $ClO_2$ concentrations over time. However, the sliced tissue itself hardened after 60-min $ClO_2$ treatments, especially at 20 ppm of $ClO_2$. When sweetpotato roots were dip-inoculated in spore suspensions for 10 min prior to treatment with 20 and 40 ppm of $ClO_2$ for 0-60 min, fungal populations decreased with increasing $ClO_2$ concentrations. Taken together, these results showed that gaseous $ClO_2$ could significantly inhibit D. batatas growth and dry rot development in sweetpotato. Overall, gaseous $ClO_2$ could be used to control this fungal disease during the postharvest storage of sweetpotato.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.437-444
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• 2019

Chlorine dioxide ($ClO_2$) has been widely used as an effective disinfectant to control fungal contamination during postharvest crop storage. In this study, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. batatas SP-f6 from the black rot symptom of sweetpotato was isolated and identified using phylogenetic analysis of elongation factor 1-${\alpha}$ gene; we further examined the in vitro and in vivo inhibitory activities of $ClO_2$ gas against the fungus. In the in vitro medium tests, fungal population was significantly inhibited upon increasing the concentration and exposure time. In in vivo tests, spore suspensions were drop-inoculated onto sweetpotato slices, followed by treatment using various $ClO_2$ concentrations and treatment times to assess fungus-induced disease development in the slices. Lesion diameters decreased at the tested $ClO_2$ concentrations over time. When sweetpotato roots were dip-inoculated in spore suspensions prior to treatment with 20 and 40 ppm of $ClO_2$ for 0-60 min, fungal populations significantly decreased at the tested concentrations for 30-60 min. Taken together, these results showed that $ClO_2$ gas can effectively inhibit fungal growth and disease development caused by F. oxysporum f. sp. batatas on sweetpotato. Therefore, $ClO_2$ gas may be used as a sanitizer to control this fungus during postharvest storage of sweetpotato.