• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.550-555
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• 2011

The road traffic noise has emerged major noise as the overcrowding of the urban population and the explosion of car storage capacity. There are limits for establishing the measures to meet noise standard because of the increase of high-rise building and insufficient distance between residential areas and road in urban center areas. Therefore, this study analyze the problem of the application of national road noise standard, and present the alternatives to achieve environmental standards in conjunction with the soundproofing measures. To reduce the population ratio exposed to road noise on seoul motorway, we suggest some action plane are as follows: i) Roadside noise standard of nighttime beside daytime is the first noise reduction goals ii) Noise standard of Noise and vibration control act is priority in case of existing area iii) Noise standard of basic environmental policy act is priority in case of new area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2019

In this paper, the current water management organization of the Korean government and those of foreign countries were analyzed to draw out a plan to build a more rational water management organization. And then, the two organization reform alternatives were discussed on which alternatives can effectively manage the water. Through the analysis, deployment of three divisions including the water policy, the wastewater policy and the division of water industries and business are the best alternative in terms of water equality, sustainability and efficiency, which are the three main goals of the new Water Management Act, Water Management Basic Act. With much efforts, the Korea has come to the era of One Water Management. The water management paradigm proposed in this opinion is expected to become a new engine of economical growth of the nation.

• Journal of Environmental Policy
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.125-147
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• 2009

The Basic Environmental Policy Act (BEPA) (Law No. 4257 effective 1. August 1990) sets forth the basic policies and administrative framework for environmental preservation, leaving more detailed regulations, and emission controls to separate laws targeting air, water, and solid waste, etc. The BEPA Article 31 adopts an unprecedented strict liability standard for damages as an absolute liability. The BEPA Article 31 provides for liability as follows. If a company is alleged to have caused damage through pollution of the environment, it will be liable for damages unless it can show that the pollution did not cause damages, or that it did not actually cause pollution. If the company did cause pollution, and if the pollution is the cause for the damages in question, the company will be liable irrespective of whether it was negligent or otherwise at fault. If there are two or more companies involved in the pollution, but it is unclear which company caused the damages, all of the companies will be jointly and severally liable for the damages. In this paper, the author attempts to uncover the problems of BEPA Article 31 and then seeks desirable amendments by comparing it to the German Environmental Liability Act. First, it will be necessary to provide definitions of 'companies etc.'. Second, it will be necessary to enumerate the kinds of company facilities. Third, it will be necessary to provide exclusionary clauses on material damages. Fourth, it will be necessary to show 'presumption of cause and effect'. Fifth, it will be necessary to provide a clause on 'right to information'. Sixth, it will be necessary to provide a clause for force majeure. Seventh, it will be necessary to take measures to secure abundant liability for damages which can be caused by the owner of the facility, the potential polluter. Finally, it is appropriate that Korea now legislate an Environmental Liability Act akin to the German Environmental Liability Act.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.22-28
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• 2019

In South Korea, the enact of Korean Coast Guard Act-1 manages physical and chemical oil-dispersants. Oil snare, which is made of polypropylene, is newly added to the aforementioned act, and it has advantage on the ease of recovery compare to other adsorbents. This study synthesized bunker B-oil with diesel-oil and bunker C-oil to perform an adsorption test based on three samples which were manufactured in South Korea. As a result, adsorption test revealed 5.2 g/g more adsorption than the previous results from the act. Additional toluene test revealed that all the samples satisfied 90.0%, however coloured samples could release its pigment on the marine environment. Thus, colorless samples are recommended on the risk management of marine accidents. The study on the basic direction of the calculation of the test items and the standard value for the quality control of the oil snare was also carried out.

• Particle and aerosol research
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.81-94
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• 2016

Managing hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) becomes an important issue with the amendment of the Clean Air Conservation Act in 2012. In this study, to develop an effective air quality management policy direction against the HAPs in Korea, (1) the HAPs control policies in the USA, United Kingdom, Japan, and the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SQAQMD) are reviewed, (2) the state of the art of the HAPs management in Korea are studied, and (3) policy directions are suggested. It was found that each country has its own policy priority and management directions. It was also found that the current HAPs management status is far behind to the countries compared in HAPs identification, emission inventory, monitoring, modeling, and risk management. Further policy directions are suggested.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.245-247
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• 2019

Although 19 years have passed since the enforcement of the Framework Act on Health and Medical Services, the Plans for Development of Health and Medical Services has not been established. This Plan is a 5-year basic long-term plan that covers the whole of health and medical services. This Plan should point to the direction of 30 long-term plans of healthcare, and this Plan should serve as a combination and coordination of 30 long-term plans and 22 related laws. The United States, the United Kingdom, and Japan have established long-term healthcare plans (4-, 10-, and 20-year plans, respectively). The long-term health plan of the United States has been approached bottom-up, those of the United Kingdom and Japan have been approached top-down. The rapid environmental changes that Korea is and will be experiencing emphasize urgently the need for establishing the Plan for Development of Health and Medical Services.

• Journal of Korea Soil Environment Society
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.3-8
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• 1997

The basic aim of the current policy is to achieve and preserve a sustainable soil quality. This means that soil must retain all its functions for years to come. The Soil Protection Act lays down a statutory "duty of care", which means that soil contamination occurring during certain activities must be cleaned up by the person who cause it. The Soil Cleanup (Interim Measures) Act(1983) was repeated on 15 May 1994, and its provisions, together with some ammendments and additions, were assimilated into the Soil Protection Act. These cleanup regulations are intended to deal with "old cases" of soil contamination, i.e. cases that came to light before 1 January 1987, when the Soil Protection Act entered into force. The urgency for cleanups is dependent upon the actual exposure. In most cases actual exposure win be less than potential exposure (underlying C-values) because only a few exposure routes are present. Cleanup of sites where exposure exceeds maximum tolerable risk levels are considered urgent, and the actual risk level is used to prioritize the cleanup.oritize the cleanup.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.171-188
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• 2003

Environmental Impact Assessment(ElA) in Korea has been used to improve environmental conservation and decision-making since environmental impact statement(EIS) was introduced in 1981 with the promulgation of the Environmental Preservation Act in 1977. which replaoed the Pollution Control Act legislated in 1%3. Together with a rapid growth of environmental perception as well as the diversification of development activities, however, it has recently bring about a strong demand for a new assessment process related to the strategic level of policies, plan, programs. In order to overcome such a limit in ElA system, Prior Environmental Review System(PERS) was introduced for assessment of administrative plans mainly concerned with development projects in 1993. In 1999. the regulations for PERS have been established by an amendment of the Basic Environmental Policy Act.Therefore the foundation of EIA system to integrate environmental concerns in planning processes and project works has been refonned. However the results of the execution of PERS were somewhat insuffident due to the institutional and technical matters. As the world's attention turns to sustainability and the considerations of cumulative effects, the concept of strategic envirorunental assessment(SEA) has taken on more significance and urgency and increasing number of countries and international organizations now undertake some form of SEA. The term SEA, however, is variously defined and understood, generally it means a formal process of systematic analysis of the envirorunental effects of development policies, plans, programmes and other proposed strategic actions. This process extends the aims and principles of EIA upstream in the decision-making process, beyond the project level and when major alternatives are still open. In this paper, we are discussing the significance of SEA and its relevance to EIA and the international trends and institutionalization of SEA. In conclusion we are discussing the comprehensive developing plan for SEA in Korea, then proposing a plan to make institutional arrangements for its application.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.37-51
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• 2024

To respond to local extinction, South Korea, under the leadership of the Ministry of the Interior and Safety, identified depopulated areas in 2021 and launched the Local Extinction Response Fund in 2022. However, due to its early stage of implementation, analyzing the characteristics and changes of policy response to local extinction at the central government level remains a challenge. In contrast, Japan, facing similar issues of local extinction as South Korea, has established a robust central government-led response system based on the Regional Revitalization Act and the Comprehensive Strategy and Basic Policy on Community-Population-Job Creation. Hence, this study examines Japan's policy responses to local extinction by analyzing the first and second periods of the Comprehensive Strategy and Basic Policy on Community-Population-Job Creation. For the analysis, topic modeling was employed to enhance text analysis efficiency and accuracy, complemented by expert interviews for validation. The results revealed that the first-period strategy's topics encompassed economy and society, start-up, local government, living condition, service, and industry. Meanwhile, the second-period strategy's topics included resource, the New Normal, woman, digital transformation, industry, region, public-private partnership, and population. The analysis highlights that the policy target, policy direction, and environmental change significantly influenced these policy shifts.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.123-134
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• 2010

Environmental conservation planning as set forth in the "Framework Act for Environmental Policy" is a representative planning that demands linkages with spatial development planning like urban master plan. However, despite the intentions and efforts of government (including revision of relevant guidelines etc.), controversy still continues regarding the efficacy of environmental conservation planning in respect of its linkages to spatial development planning. Accordingly, this study was devised to examine existing issues and produce proposals for improvement in ensuring the efficacy of environmental conservation planning by local governments. This study focused in particular on the establishment of spatial environmental plans as suggested in the guidelines of the Ministry of Environment for the purposes of strengthening the efficacy of environmental conservation planning. Based of questionnaires for relevant officials of local governments, the study found that although local governments with established current spatial environmental plans are not numerous, the need for establishment of spatial environmental plans were high in terms of the applicability of environmental conservation and spatial plans. Furthermore, this study also confirmed through analysis of questionnaires data, archival research and case study research that there were a number of salient issues including an overly access and program centered planning method based on individual pollution sources and individual post factor measures in the planning aspect, a lack of usable spatial information in the application of spatial environmental information, and inadequate connections with spatial development planning in respect of linkages with other plans. Under these circumstances, various proposals for improvement were presented including the establishment of contents in environmental conservation planning for each urban master planning item from the standpoint of planning, strengthening of basic environmental surveys for spatial planning and preparation of applicable proposals from the perspective of leveraging of spatial environmental information, and systematic improvements that can enable mutual consideration through feedback between environmental conservation planning and urban master planning from the perspective of connections with spatial planning.