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The Study on the Institutional Trend and Introduction of SEA in Korea  

Kim, Im-Soon (Graduate school of Hanyang Univ.)
Kim, Yoon-Shin (Graduate school of Hanyang Univ.)
Seo, Yong-Seok (Asia Pacific Environment & Management Institute)
Chang, Sung-Oun (Graduate school of Konkuk Univ.)
Choi, Won-Wook (Asia Pacific Environment & Management Institute)
Han, Sang-Wook (Asia Pacific Environment & Management Institute)
Publication Information
Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment / v.12, no.3, 2003 , pp. 171-188 More about this Journal
Abstract
Environmental Impact Assessment(ElA) in Korea has been used to improve environmental conservation and decision-making since environmental impact statement(EIS) was introduced in 1981 with the promulgation of the Environmental Preservation Act in 1977. which replaoed the Pollution Control Act legislated in 1%3. Together with a rapid growth of environmental perception as well as the diversification of development activities, however, it has recently bring about a strong demand for a new assessment process related to the strategic level of policies, plan, programs. In order to overcome such a limit in ElA system, Prior Environmental Review System(PERS) was introduced for assessment of administrative plans mainly concerned with development projects in 1993. In 1999. the regulations for PERS have been established by an amendment of the Basic Environmental Policy Act.Therefore the foundation of EIA system to integrate environmental concerns in planning processes and project works has been refonned. However the results of the execution of PERS were somewhat insuffident due to the institutional and technical matters. As the world's attention turns to sustainability and the considerations of cumulative effects, the concept of strategic envirorunental assessment(SEA) has taken on more significance and urgency and increasing number of countries and international organizations now undertake some form of SEA. The term SEA, however, is variously defined and understood, generally it means a formal process of systematic analysis of the envirorunental effects of development policies, plans, programmes and other proposed strategic actions. This process extends the aims and principles of EIA upstream in the decision-making process, beyond the project level and when major alternatives are still open. In this paper, we are discussing the significance of SEA and its relevance to EIA and the international trends and institutionalization of SEA. In conclusion we are discussing the comprehensive developing plan for SEA in Korea, then proposing a plan to make institutional arrangements for its application.
Keywords
EIA; Environmental Impact Assessment; EIS; Environmental Impact Statement; PERS; Prior Environmental Review System; SEA; Strategic Environmental Assessment; sustainability;
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