• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.37-40
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• 1978

한국에서 1920년경부터 1956년까지 재배되었던 조동지, 용천을 비롯한 74재내품종을 5개균군을 사용하여 저항성정도를 조사한 결과 1. 조동지, 용천, 애달, 용산, 대구, 밑다리, 풍옥을 포함한 69품종은 본병에 이병성인 금남풍군에 속하였다. 2. 흑수, 도입남, 황판은 황옥군이였다, 3. 남각, 강북도의 반응은 지금까지 알려지지 않았던 반응을 나타냈다. 4. 금남풍군에 속하는 69품종의 균군별 반응은 I균군이 $69.5\%$, II균군$99.9\%$, III균군$100\%$, IV균군$99.7\%$ V균군$99.8\%$로 놓은 발병주율을 보였다. 5. 황옥군에 속하는 3품종은 I균군 $1.7\%$ II균군 $98.8\%$, III 균군 $100\%$, IV균군 $100\%$, V균군 $1.4\%$로 판별품종의 반응과 비슷하였다.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2005년도 춘계 학술발표대회
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• pp.117-117
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• 2005

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.445-450
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• 2018

Bacteriophages, bacteria-infecting viruses, have been recently reconsidered as a biological control tool for preventing bacterial pathogens. Erwinia amylovora and E. pyrifoliae cause fire blight and black shoot blight disease in apple and pear, respectively. In this study, the bacteriophage phiEaP-8 was isolated from apple orchard soil and could efficiently and specifically kill both E. amylovora and E. pyrifoliae. This bacteriophage belongs to the Podoviridae family. Whole genome analysis revealed that phiEaP-8 carries a 75,929 bp genomic DNA with 78 coding sequences and 5 tRNA genes. Genome comparison showed that phiEaP-8 has only 85% identity to known bacteriophages at the DNA level. PhiEaP-8 retained lytic activity up to $50^{\circ}C$, within a pH range from 5 to 10, and under 365 nm UV light. Based on these characteristics, the bacteriophage phiEaP-8 is novel and carries potential to control both E. amylovora and E. pyrifoliae in apple and pear.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.294-300
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• 2003

Bacterial strains were isolated from diseased samples of shoot blight collected from different pear growing orchards of Chuncheon, Korea from 1995 to 1998. Forty-nine strains showed their pathogenicity on immature fruit and shoot of pear. Microbiological, physiological, and biochemical tests were performed on these pathogenic strains. One strain, designated as WT3 in this study, was selected as a representative strain as it was collected from the first outbreak area in Jichonri, Chuncheon in 1995. Further detailed characterization of the strain WT3 was done by PCR amplification using specific primers described previously for distinguishing Erwinia pyrifoliae from its close pathogen Erwinia amylovora. Based on phenotypical, biochemical, and molecular analyses, strain WT3 was identified as a shoot blight pathogen which was the same as E. pyrifoliae Ep16 previously described by a German group in 1999.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.282-289
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• 2024

Fire blight is a bacterial disease caused by Erwinia amylovora. In Korea, fire blight was first reported in 2015 in an orchard. If the infection is confirmed, all trees in the orchard must be removed and the orchard must remain closed for 3 years. Since 2020, if the number of trees infected with fire blight is less than 5% of the total trees in the orchard, only the infected tree and adjacent trees are removed in Korea. Three years after removal, the trees can be replanted after confirming that the orchard soil is free from E. amylovora. In this study, a protocol was established for detecting E. amylovora in soil via selective enrichment, using tryptic soy broth with 0.05% bile salts and 50 ㎍/ml cycloheximide, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. This protocol resulted in a 1,000-times improved detection limit for E. amylovora in soil samples compared to that in unenriched samples. Soil monitoring was performed for orchards where fire blight-infected trees had been removed 3-27 months prior; the selected orchards were monitored every 3 months. Monitoring confirmed that E. amylovora was not present in the soil at any site in any of the orchards. A new detection protocol facilitates the monitoring of E. amylovora in soil and could help permit the replanting of trees in orchards. Also monitoring results provide evidence that trees can be planted earlier.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.142-148
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• 2013

국내 콩에서 발생하는 세균병해인 불마름병, 들불병, 세균점무늬병, 세균갈색점무늬병의 다중 진단을 위한 PCR 방법을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 콩에 발생하는 각각의 세균들은 서로 다른 박테리오신(bacteriocin) 이나 파이토톡신(phytotoxin)을 생산하는데 이와 관련한 유전자를 목적으로 하여 진단프라이머를 설계하였다. 2. 불마름병은 glycinecin A, 들불병은 tabtoxin, 세균점무늬병은 coronatine과 세균갈색점무늬병은 syringopeptin을 목적유전자로 하여 다중 진단프라이머 조합을 설계하였다. 3. 1차 선발로 각각의 균주에 대한 단일 진단 프라이머를 선발하였으며, 여기선 선발된 21개의 프라이머들을 조합하여 4종 다중진단프라이머 선발을 위한 2차 선발에 이용하였다. 최종적으로 280 bp의 불마름병, 355 bp의 세균갈색점무늬병, 563 bp의 들불병과 815 bp의 세균점무늬병으로 구성된 다중진단 프라이머 조합이 개발되었다. 4. 선발된 4종 다중 진단 프라이머 조합의 경우 다른 세균들과의 비특이적 반응이 있는지 확인하기 위한 3차 선발을 거쳐 그 특이성을 검증하였다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.290-296
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• 2004

꽃썩음병은 참다래에 가장 중요한 병해 중 하나이다. 꽃썩음병은 5월말 개화기에 발생하는데, 개화기에 강우가 겹칠 경우 꽃썩음병이 대발생하여 참다래 수량에 심각한 감수를 초래한다. 병든 꽃봉오리로부터 분리된 꽃썩음병 병원세균은 생리 생화학적 특정과 병원성 검정 실험 결과 Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae로 동정되었다. 참다래 과수원에서 죽은 과경지, 전정 가지, 낙엽과 토양 등이 참다래 꽃썩음병균의 중요한 월동 부위이고, 참다래 나무에 있는 신초눈, 주간, 주지, 가지 등도 전염원의 월동처를 제공해준다. 월동부위 중에서 죽은 과경지에 가장 높은 밀도의 전염원이 검출되었다. 참다래에 꽃썩음병을 일으킬 수 있는 발병 최소농도는 $10^4$cfu/ml로 추정되었으며, 꽃썩음병균의 최적 생장 온도는 $20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$였다. 평균 기온이 참다래 꽃썩음병 생육적온과 일치하는 5${\sim}$6월에 월동 부위에서 가장 높은 밀도의 전염원이 검출되었다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.208-215
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• 2013

3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid (HPP)는 곤충 병원 세균인 Xenorhabdus nematophila K1의 대사산물이다. 이 물질의 고추의 역병과 탄저병에 대한 방제가능성을 평가하였다. HPP는 역병균과 탄저병균의 균사생장을 현저하게 억제하였다. 이 항균력은 자연 태양광 아래에서 25일이상 유지되었으며, 토양수 내에서도 상실되지 않았다. HPP의 고추 뿌리를 통한 식물체 내 침투 및 상향이행성이 입증되었다. HPP 현탁액을 고추의 근권토양에 관주하고 지상부에 10일 간격으로 살포하였을 때, 약해 발생 없이 역병과 탄저병 발생이 크게 감소되었다. 이러한 결과는 HPP를 고추 역병 및 탄저병 방제를 위한 침투성농약으로 개발할 가능성이 있음을 의미한다.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.333-335
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• 1994

In 1991, the leaves and roots brown rot disease of scarlet kafir lily were found in Taejon and Seoul. The symptoms were appeared as dark-brown and water soaked on leaves. The discolored area of the leaves become halo. The roots revealed blight gray and water soaked. The pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the diseased leaves of the scarlet kafir lily were identified as Erwinia cypripedii on the bais of bacterial characteristics. E. cypripedii is first described bacteria which cause the disease on scarlet kafir lily in Korea. Therefore, we would like to propose to the name of scarlet kafir lily disease caused by E. cypripedii as“bacterial brown-rot of scarlet kafir lily”hereafter.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.170-177
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• 2010

Bacillus licheniformis N1, previously developed as a biofungicide formulation N1E to control gray mold disease of plants, was investigated to study the bacterial traits that may be involved in its biological control activity. Two N1E based formulations, bacterial cell based formulation PN1E and culture supernatant based formulation SN1E, were evaluated for disease control activity against gray mold disease of tomato and strawberry plants. Neither PN1E nor SN1E was as effective as the original formulation N1E. Fractionation of antifungal compounds from the bacterial culture supernatant of B. licheniformis N1 indicated that two different cyclic lipopeptides were responsible for the antimicrobial activity of the N1 strain. These two purified compounds were identified as iturin A and surfactin by HPLC and LCMS. The purified lipopeptides were evaluated for plant disease control activity against seven plant diseases. Crude extracts and purified compounds applied at 500 ${\mu}g/ml$ concentration controlled tomato gray mold, tomato late blight and pepper anthracnose effectively with over 70% disease control value. While iturin showed broad spectrum activity against all tested plant diseases, the control activity by surfactin was limited to tomato gray mold, tomato late blight, and pepper anthracnose. Although antifungal compounds from B. licheniformis N1 exhibited disease control activity, our results suggested that bacterial cells present in the N1E formulation also contribute to the disease control activity together with the antifungal compounds.