• International Commerce and Information Review
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.3-24
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• 2009

This study extends the previous research into the effects of knowledge spillovers on innovation and regional exports growth by more clearly distinguishing, both theoretically and empirically, two different types of knowledge spillovers, namely product and market knowledge spillovers. More importantly, this research provides insights on their role of knowledge spillovers in shaping regional innovative activities and, eventually, regional export growths. Furthermore, this research makes an important contribution to the understudied market knowledge spillovers by developing two variables that could be used to assess the flow of market knowledge spillovers at the regional level: localization economies and export consulting advice. Using secondary data on eight 2-digit manufacturing industries in ten New Zealand regions over a seven year period, this research found that regional competition, localization economies and the availability of export consulting advice have positively and significantly impact on the regional export growth in New Zealand.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.169-173
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• 2000

Seasonal distribution of ectomycorrhizal associations in various types of forest in a boreal forest in Manitoba. Canada was investigated. Alsohe relationship between ectomycorrhizal growth and pine pollen nutrients was examined. In four different forest stands, ectomycorrhizas tended to be lower in the spring than in the summer and fall samples. In addition. a mature jack pine (Pinus banksiana) stand showed higher mycorrhizal activities than a young jack pine stand. Growth of Suillus brevipes hyphae wa ts stimulated by additions of pollen representing mean pollen deposition in Mistik Creek study area after 30 and 70 days of growth with dextrose availability. This result suggests that the peak ectomycorrhizal activity is followed by pollen deposition in the study region and therefore, addition of pine and spruce pollen in early or middle of June in the boreal forest can be an important seasonal nutrient source for ectomycorrhizal growth.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.164-169
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• 2011

Previous studies have addressed the management of phyllosphere pathogens by leaf and root-associated microbes. The present study evaluated the effect of the foliar application of three strains of Bacillus spp. on plant growth and fruit quality. The application of a bacilli spore preparation significantly improved leaf growth parameters such as leaf thickness and photosynthesis capacity, indicating that bacilli treatment directly promoted leaf growth. In addition, foliar treatment resulted in an improvement in the key indicators of fruit quality including water, glucose, and sucrose contents. The present results suggest that foliar spraying of beneficial bacilli is a potential treatment of wide application for the improvement of apple quality. Foliar application of bacilli preparation as effective plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria broadens the spectrum of their availability for orchard application.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.163-172
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• 2015

This study examined the potential effects of urban growth on streamflow in the Gyungan River watershed, Korea, using urban containment scenarios. First, two scenarios (conservation and development) were established, and SLEUTH model was adapted to predict urban growth into the year 2060 with 20 years interval under two scenarios in the study area. Urban growth was larger under scenario 2, focusing on development, than under scenario 1, focusing on conservation. Most urban growth was predicted to involve the conversion of farmland, forest, and grasslands to urban areas. Streamflow in future periods under these scenarios was simulated by the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. Each scenario showed distinct seasonal variations in streamflow. Although urban growth had a small effect on streamflow, urban growth may heighten the problems of increased seasonal variability in streamflow caused by other factor, such as climate change. This results obtained in this study provide further insight into the availability of future water resource and can aid in urban containment planning to mitigate the negative effects of urban growth in the study area.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.15-26
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• 2022

Purpose: There has been a consistent failure of businesses that are run by a single person. Most of these collapse at infancy prematurely and those that survive continue to operate at minimal capacity. The study thus sought to enhance growth of sole proprietors from being small entities to large corporates. Financial determinants of business growth were earmarked for research as they were amongst the grey areas of business growth research. Research design, data and methodology: The target population of the study was made up of groceries retail sole proprietors operating in Epworth, Zimbabwe. Questionnaires were used in a once-off cross-sectional survey using stratified random sampling. Through a deductive research approach, four financial determinants of business growth were established namely financial availability, financial management, financial evaluation and financial investment (AMEI). These constructs formulated the basis for the development of the model which linked financial factors to business growth. Results: The study found out that all four financial determinants were statistically significant (P < 0.05) in predicting business growth. Conclusions: The study concludes that the model tested was useful in explaining sole proprietor's business growth. Sole proprietors should have access to funding, manage received funds in an appropriate manner, invest into the business and evaluate their business processes.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제37권8호
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• pp.575-584
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• 2014

Potassium is a macronutrient that is crucial for healthy plant growth. Potassium availability, however, is often limited in agricultural fields and thus crop yields and quality are reduced. Therefore, improving the efficiency of potassium uptake and transport, as well as its utilization, in plants is important for agricultural sustainability. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms involved in potassium uptake and transport in plants, and the molecular response of plants to different levels of potassium availability. Based on this information, four strategies for improving potassium use efficiency in plants are proposed; 1) increased root volume, 2) increasing efficiency of potassium uptake from the soil and translocation in planta, 3) increasing mobility of potassium in soil, and 4) molecular breeding new varieties with greater potassium efficiency through marker assisted selection which will require identification and utilization of potassium associated quantitative trait loci.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.91-102
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• 2006

Korea Railroad Research Institute developed the driverless rubber-tired Korean-AGT system from 1999 to 2005 and has done its performance and reliability tests on the test line at Gyeongsan-city. We made the reliability management program to control required the RAMS(reliability, availability, maintainability & safety) of the K-AGT system. Therefore, we demonstrated the development and application of Reliability DB program. The main functions of K-AGT Reliability DB program manages failures and maintenance data systematically from the test line through test period and provides various analysis results based on the inputted data.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.237-242
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• 2012

우리나라 하천변 잠재 자연식생인 졸참나무와 갈참나무의 생태학적 특성을 규명하기 위하여, 실내에서 유식물에 주요 환경요인 중 광, 수분과 영양소를 각각 4조건으로 처리하여 그 생육반응을 관찰하고, 분석하였다. 그 결과, 광이 줄어들면 두 종은 모두 생육이 감소하였고 갈참나무가 졸참나무보다 감소의 정도가 컸다. 수분 처리 환경의 모든 조건에서 졸참나무와 갈참나무의 생장량에는 차이가 없었지만, 지상부는 갈참나무가 졸참나무보다 적은 수분 조건에서 잘 자랐다. 그리고 영양소가 적은 조건에서 갈참나무는 졸참나무보다 잘 자랐다. 이상으로 볼 때, 졸참나무가 내음성이 커 광이 부족한 환경에서는 갈참나무보다 생장에 유리하고 졸참나무는 갈참나무에 비해 영양소가 비교적 많은 환경에 적응된 것으로 판단된다. 그리고 두 종의 참나무는 수분에 의해서 영향을 크게 받지 않지만, 수분이 부족한 환경에서는 갈참나무가 졸참나무보다 생장에 일부 유리한 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 하천생태계는 광이 강한 열린 공간이기 때문에 두 종 모두 생장에 유리할 것이고, 수분 환경의 영향을 받아 졸참나무가 갈참나무보다 저지대에서 생육할 것이다. 또한 두 종 모두 많은 영양소를 필요로 하는데 이때, 하천으로의 여분 영양소 유입을 막기 위해서는 초본 식생대의 보전이 중요하다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.2305-2309
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• 2016

클라우드 컴퓨팅 서비스는 그 효율성과 안정성이 기반이 되어야 한다. 한 예로 미국은 클라우드 컴퓨팅 서비스의 안전성을 위하여 FedRAMP 인증을 제시하고 클라우드 컴퓨팅 서비스 산업의 성장은 많은 기업들에게 비용 절감과 업무의 효율성을 제공하고 있으나, 그에 따른 위험성 역시 높아지고 있다. 해킹 등으로 클라우드 서비스 특징상 데이터에 대한 통제성을 잃게 되고, 많은 데이터가 한 곳에 몰리는 현상은 장애가 발생하면 모든 기기의 데이터가 일제히 삭제되는 되는 문제점이 있다. 본 논문에서는 클라우드 보안 인증 제도의 비즈니스 연속성의 문제점을 알리고 이를 위한 솔루션인 서비스 가입자 내부에 백업과 외부 백업의 장단점을 비교한다. 결론적으로 외부 백업이 구조상으로 우위에 있음을 보인다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.530-540
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• 2008

The temporal and spatial variations of size-structured phytoplankton dynamics in Youngsan Lake were investigated to explore potential mechanims controlling the dynamics in the Youngsan Lake. Field data were collected monthly from February to October, 2003 at 6 stations along the axis of Youngsan Lake. In this study, phytoplankton (chlorophyll $\alpha$) were categorized into three size classes: micro-size ($>20{\mu}m$), nano-size ($2{\sim}20{\mu}m$) and pico-size ($<20{\mu}m$). Water temperature, light attenuation coefficients, PAR (photosynthetically active radiation) and suspended solids were measured to analyze relationship between physical-chemical properties and size structure of phytoplankton. Phytoplankton blooms developed during March, July and October in the upper region of the main stem whereas small-scaled spring bloom was observed in the lower region. The scales of phytoplankton blooms were higher in the upper regions than the lower region and blooms were predominated by micro-size class in upper region but predominated by nano-size class in lower region. Growth of size-structured phytoplankton appeared to be controlled by rather light availability than temperature-dependant metabolisms in the system. Phytoplankton growth may be also supported by ambient nutrients available in the water column from analyses of chlorophyll $\alpha$ vs. nutrient concentrations including nitrite+nitrate and orthophosphate. Growth of nano-sized phytoplankton alone appeared to be supported by orthophosphate as well as nitrite+nitrate indicating that response of phytoplankton to nutrient inputs may be size-dependent.