• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.542-548
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• 2003

The present study was aimed to investigate whether glycyrrhizin, which is the major component of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, has an antioxidant effect and regulatory effect on Na,K-ATPase in gentamicin-induced acute renal failure (ARF) rats . It is well known that reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical, are main pathophysiological factor in gentamicin-induced ARF. Glycyrrhizin showed potent in vitro antioxidant activity, especially superoxide scavenging activity, in a dose-dependent manner. Plasma lipid peroxide level was restored to normal level by oral administration of glycyrrhizin (200 mg/kg) in the gentamicin-induced ARF rats. The expression of Na,K-ATPase α1 subunit was restored in the gentamicin-induced ARF rats by administration of glycyrrhizin, whereas β1 subunit was not restored. The renal functional parameters including urine volume, cleatinine clearance, urine osmolality, solute-free water reabroption were also partially restored in gentamicin-ARF rats by administration of glycyrrhizin. Taken together, the amelioration of renal functions and the expression of sodium pump by administration of glycyrrhizin in the gentamicin-induced ARF was appear to be mediated by the scavenging of ROS.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.1728-1736
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to identify prognostic predictors of postoperative acute renal failure(ARF) for the patient undergoing cardiac surgery. Retrospectively review the electronic hospital database at a A hospital from Jan 2008 to Dec. 2011. 483 patients were included in this study. They were divided into a occurrence of ARF group(n=59) and a non occurrence of ARF group(n=424). ARF occurred in 59 cases (12.2%). Multi-variable logistic regression analysis identified that preoperative risk factors include creatinine(OR 3.92, p=<.001), advanced age(OR 2.142, p=.015), female(OR 2.165, p=.015), hypertension(OR 2.513, p=.005), NYHA(New York Heart Association) class II(OR 3.081, p=.003), and III(OR 6.759, p=.004), and intraoperative risk factor includes blood transfusion(OR 3.753, p=<.001), and postoperative factors include bilirubin(OR 4.541, p=.028), creatine(OR 8.554, p=.003), and cardiac output(OR 0.214, p=.033) as a prognostic predictors. The development of postoperative ARF could be a reason for increase in rate of complication and mortality after cardiac surgery. therefore the prevention of ARF is of paramount importance and treatment strategies are urgently needed.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.474-482
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• 2004

The $\alpha$-L-arabinofuranosidase (Arfase) gene of Bacillus stearothermophilus No. 236 was cloned and sequenced. The ORF of the gene, designated arfA, encoded a 507 -residue polypeptide with calculated molecular mass of 57 kDa. The Arfase produced by a recombinant Escherichia coli strain containing the arfA gene was purified to apparent homogeneity and characterized. The molecular mass of the Arfase determined by SDS-PAGE was 60 kDa. However, according to gel filtration, it was estimated to be approximately 190 kDa. These results indicated that the functional form of the Arfase is trimeric. The optimal pH and temperature for the enzyme activity were pH 6.5 and $55^{\circ}C$, respectively. The half-life of the enzyme at $60^{\circ}C$ was about 6 h. Kinetic experiments at $45^{\circ}C$ with pNPM (p-nitrophenyl $\alpha$-L-arabinofuranoside) as a substrate gave the $K_m and V_{max}$ values of 1.19 mM and 26.1 U/ mg, respectively. When the enzyme was combined with Bacillus stearothermophilus No. 236 endoxylanase and $\beta$-xylosidase, it hydrolyzed arabinoxylan into L-arabinose and xylose more efficiently than Arfase alone. This synergistic effect suggested that the complete hydrolysis of xylan with large amounts of arabinose side chains required Arfase as well as endoxylanase and $\beta$-xylosidase.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.613-615
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• 2011

ERp29 is a endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumenal resident protein that shows sequence similarity to the protein disulfide isomerase family. Its biological function is thought to play a role in the processing of secretory proteins within the ER, possibly by participating in the folding of proteins in the ER. Although some data on ERp29 have been reported, its normal functions are still unclear. To gain insights into the function of ERp29, we identified ARF5 protein as a protein that interacts with ERp29 using yeast two-hybrid screening and GST pull-down assay. Interaction between ERp29 and ARF5 was detected under normal cell conditions but not under ER stress conditions. This result may provide a clue for understanding ERp29 biological functions.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.251-254
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• 2005

Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome resulting from skeletal muscle injury with release of muscle cell contents into the plasma. It has been reported as a cause of acute renal failure(ARF), and often associated with alcohol abuse, muscle compression, infections, and generalized seizure. Rhabdomyolysis-induced ARF is rare in children. We experienced a case of rhabdomyolysis-induced ARF in a 12-year-old boy who presented with azotemia and oliguria secondary to convulsion. After the control of convulsion by antiepileptic drugs, the daily urine output gradually increased and systemic features recovered with appropriate hydration and alkalinization. (J Korean Soc Pediatr Nephrol 2005;9:251-254)

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.32-40
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• 2007

Purpose : We performed this study to determine the incidence of acute renal failure(ARF) in birth asphyxia and to correlate the severity of asphyxia and hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and ARF in asphyxiated neonates. Methods : Data was retrospectively collected from the medical records of 33 patients with neonatal asphyxia and of 33 neonates with no asphyxia. On the basis the 5-minute Apgar score, the asphyxiated neonates were further grouped into mild(6 or 7), moderate(4 or 5), and severe asphyxia(3 or less). Asphyxiated neonates with HIE were staged by the Sarnat and Sarnat scoring system. We compared serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, electrolytes, and urine output on day 3 of life and the incidence and severity of intraventricular hemorrhage(IVH) between each group. Results : ARF occurred in 8(24.2%) asphyxiated neonates. Of these, 3(37.5%) were oliguric, while 1(10.0%) patient with mild asphyxia, 2(18.2%) of moderate asphyxia, and 5(41.7%) with of severe asphyxia had ARF(P>0.05). One(25%) patient with stage I HIE, 4(50%) with stage II HIE, and 3(75%) of HIE with stage III HIE developed ARF(P<0.01). There was no statistical correlation between the severity of asphyxia and HIE stage. One(7.7%) patient with grade 1 IVE, 0(0.0%) with grade 2 IVH, 2(66.7%) with grade 3 IVH, and 2(100.0%) with grade 4 IVH had ARF(P<0.01). Mortality was higher in asphyxiated neonates with ARF(P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the oliguric and non-oliguric renal failure. Conclusion : We found that the greater the degree of HIE, the higher was the incidence of ARF. Asphyxiated neonates with ARF had a poorer prognosis.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.187-191
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• 1998

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, a gram-negative coccobacillus, is a member of the enterobacteriaceae family, and the illness has fever, abdominal pain, diarrhea, mesenteric lymphadenitis, terminal ileitis, arthropathy, erythema nodosum. Specially in children, it is known as an important cause of acute renal failure due to acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. It has been recognized in a worldwide distribution. For the first time, the cases of acute renal failure caused by this organism were reported in Japan in 1980's. In Korea, the first case accompanying with ARF was reported in 1988. Since that, many cases have been reported in Seoul area, but no case in other places. So we report 2 cases of Y.P. infection accompanying with ARF in Pusan area, for the first time in other place than Seoul area.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.14-24
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify the effect of simulation-based education relevant to the care of patients with acute renal failure (ARF) for third-year nursing students. Methods: This study was a non-equivalent control pre-posttest design. Based on the clinical situation scenarios pertaining to patients with ARF, a simulation-based learning module was developed using Human Patient Simulator version 6 (HPS6) manufactured by Medical Education Technologies Inc. The pretest was conducted so as to evaluate the difference in prior knowledge and clinical competence between two groups. The control group consisted of 91 students during the 2010 academic year and the experimental group consisted of 94 students during the 2011 academic year. Data were analysed using SPSS/win 10.1. Results: In the experimental group, knowledge related to care for ARF patients was not significantly increased; however, clinical competence improved significantly for the experimental group. Conclusion: In conclusion, the simulation-based education program was effective in contributing towards the development of clinical competence. Increased development of clinical competence is vital for today's clinical environment where nursing professionals need the necessary knowledge, thinking, and performance skills to meet the needs of the hospital and their patients.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.2743-2746
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• 2013

Background: Dilantin sodium (phenytoin) is an antiepileptic drug, which is routinely used to control generalized tonic clonic seizure and partial seizure episodes. A few case reports of oral squamous cell carcinomas arising from regions of phenytoin induced gingival overgrowth (GO), and overexpression of mitogenic factors and p53 have presented this condition as a pathology with potential to transform into malignancy. We recently investigated the genetic status of p53 and H-ras, which are known to be frequently mutated in Indian oral carcinomas in GO tissues and found them to only contain wild type sequences, which suggested a non-neoplastic nature of phenytoin induced GO. However, besides p53 and H-ras, other oncogenes and tumor suppressors such as PIK3CA, p14ARF, p16INK4a and $p21^{Waf1/Cip1}$, are frequently altered in oral squamous cell carcinoma, and hence are required to be analyzed in phenytoin induced GO tissues to be affirmative of its non-neoplastic nature. Methods: 100ng of chromosomal DNA isolated from twenty gingival overgrowth tissues were amplified with primers for exons 9 and 20 of PIK3CA, exons $1{\alpha}$, $1{\beta}$ and 2 of p16INK4a and p14ARF, and exon 2 of $p21^{Waf1/Cip1}$, in independent reactions. PCR amplicons were subsequently gel purified and eluted products were sequenced. Results: Sequencing analysis of the twenty samples of phenytoin induced gingival growth showed no mutations in the analyzed exons of PIK3CA, p14ARF, p16INK4a and $p21^{Waf1/Cip1}$. Conclusion: The present data indicate that the mutational alterations of genes, PIK3CA, p14ARF, p16INK4a and $p21^{Waf1/Cip1}$ that are frequently mutated in oral squamous cell carcinomas are rare in phenytoin induced gingival growth. Thus the findings provide further evidence that phenytoin induced gingival overgrowth as a non-neoplastic lesion, which may be considered as clinically significant given the fact that the epileptic patients are routinely administered with phenytoin for the rest of their lives to control seizure episodes.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.600-611
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• 2010

Purpose : This study was to observe the nephroprotective effects of the traditional prescription, Opi-san(OPS). OPS has been generally used for treating various edematous renal diseases, including acute renal failure. Methods : Three different dosages of OPS extracts were administered once a day for 28 days (5 mg/kg, single intraperitoneally administered). On the 23rd day after OPS extract treatment, cisplatin was treated. All the rats (6 groups of 8 rats each) were checked as follows. Changes of body weight, kidney weight, serum BUN and creatinine levels were observed, as well as changes to the kidney MDA and GSH contents. The results were compared with captopril 100 mg/kg, of which the effects on cisplatin-induced acute renal failures were already confirmed. Results : Cisplatin-induced ARF were induced by oxidative stress and related lipid peroxidation in the present study. However, these ARF and inhibition of antioxidant effects induced by cisplatin were dose-dependently reduced by treatment of OPS extracts except in the 100 mg/kg treated group. The effects of OPS extracts at 500 mg/kg were similar to those of 100 mg/kg of captopril. Conclusion : This study suggests that OPS extracts 500 mg/kg showed favorable effects on the cisplatin-induced rat's ARF as similar to 100 mg/kg of captopril.