• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.440-447
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• 2004

In this study the in vitro protective effects of several antioxidant vitamins (vitamin C, $\alpha$-tocopherol, $\beta$-carotene), fruits and vegetables (strawberry, tangerine, orange and 100％ orange juice, carrot juice), on the levels of isolated human lymphocyte DNA damage was measured using Comet assay. Comet assay has been used widely to assess the level of the DNA damage in the individual cells. Lymphocytes were pre-treated for 30 minutes with antioxidant vitamins (10, 50, 100, 500 $\mu$M) or fruits$.$vegetables (10, 100, 500, 1000 $\mu$g/ml), an4 then oxidatively challenged with 100 $\mu$M $H_2O$$_2$ for 5 min at 4$^{\circ}C$. The protective effect of antioxidant vitamins against DNA damage at a concentration of 50 $\mu$M were 50％ in vitamin C, 32％ in $\alpha$-tocopherol, whereas, fJ-carotene showed a 55％ protection at a dose as low as 10 $\mu$M. The inhibitory effects of DNA damage by strawberry, tangerine, orange, orange juices, carrot juices were 50 - 60％ with wide ranges of doses. The results of the present study indicate that most the antioxidant vitamins and fruits$.$vegetables juices produced a significant reduction in oxidative DNA damage.

• 셀메드
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.32.1-32.6
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• 2013

Plectranthus amboinicus Benth (Lamiaceae) is a medicinal plant native to India, and its leaves are widely used in several traditional medicinal preparations. The purpose of this study was to detect and quantify phenolics present in ethyl acetate and acetone extracts of P. amboinicus leaves, and evaluate their antioxidant, antibacterial, antimutagenic and anticancer activities. The HPLC chromatograms of crude leaf extracts indicated the presence of phenolics like caffeic acid, coumaric acid, rutin, quercetin and gallic acid, which were present in the range of 0.01 - 1.41 mg/g in ethyl acetate and 0.03 - 1.93 mg/g in the acetone extract. The acetone extract showed statistically (p < 0.05) higher antioxidant activity ($IC_{50}$, 99.59 ${\mu}g/ml$) than ethyl acetate extract ($IC_{50}$, 149.96 ${\mu}g/ml$). Statistically (p < 0.05) higher antimutagenicity was shown by acetone extract (46.16%) as compare to ethyl acetate extract (12.16%) at 500 ${\mu}g/plate$ concentration. The acetone extract showed higher antibacterial activity than ethyl acetate extract, and both the extracts showed highest activity against B. cereus (375 and 625 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively) and lowest activity against Y. enterocolitica (1000 and 1125 ${\mu}g/ml$, respectively). Both the extracts also showed inhibitory effect on cancer cell lines HCT-15 and MCF-7. These results suggest that the leaves of P. amboinicus possess various biological activities, and validate the traditional use of the leaves of P. amboinicus against cold, infection and ulceration.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.1453-1457
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• 1999

항산화 및 항암 작용이 있는 것으로 알려진 conjugated linoleic acid(CLA)를 식물성 유지로부터 알칼리 이성질화에 의해 고 농도의 CLA 농축물을 얻기 위한 최적 조건을 연구하였다. 지방산 조성이 상이한 식물성 유지를 알칼리 이성질화 하였을 때 CLA 생성량은 유지중 linoleic acid 함량이 많은 것이 가장 높았다. 홍화유를 알칼리 이성질화할 때 KOH 농도는 $8{\sim}11%$, 가열온도는 $180{\sim]185^{\circ}C$에서 cis-9, trans-11 CLA와 총 CLA 생성량이 가장 높았고, 가열시간은 CLA 생성량에 큰 영향을 미치지는 않았으나 $20{\sim}40$분이 가장 적당하였다. 홍화유를 silicic acid column chromatograph)에 의해 중성, 당 및 인지방질의 lipid class를 분획하여 알칼리 이성질화를 시켰을 때 중성지방질의 획분에 CLA가 가장 많이 함유되었다. 알칼리 이성질화시킨 홍화유를 요소처리와 HPLC 분획에 의해 95.4%의 CLA 농축물을 얻을 수 있었다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.194-199
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 참외의 부위별 물 및 알코올 추출물의 항산화효과, ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase 저해활성 및 항균효과를 조사하였다. 총 phenol 함량을 측정한 결과 물 추출물에서는 껍질이 151.64 ${\mu}g/g$, 에탄올 추출물에서는 껍질이 224.77 ${\mu}g/g$로 가장 높은 페놀함량을 나타내었다. 총 flavonoid 함량은 껍질이 물 추출물의 경우 45.53 ${\mu}g/g$, 에탄올 추출은 338.37 67.16 ${\mu}g/g$로 가장 높게 나타내었다. 참외의 항산화 효과는 물 추출물의 경우 1%에서 껍질이 25%로 가장 높았으며, 에탄을 추출은 1%에서 껍질이 83.3로 가장 높은 전자공여능을 나타내었으며, 과육과 태좌는 20% 미만의 낮은 활성을 나타내었다. ABTS는 물 추출물은 1%에서 껍질이 79.2%로 가장 높았으며, 과육이 57.6%, 태좌가 74.0%로 50%이상의 활성을 나타내었고, 에탄올추출물은 99.9%로 껍질이 가장 높게 나타났고, 과육과 태좌는 52.1%, 41.2%의 활성을 보였으며, Xanthine oxidase의 저해활성의 경우 1%에서 껍질이 물 추출물이 29.3%, 에탄올추출물이 30.5%의 가장 높은 활성을 보였지만, 비교적 낮은 저해율을 나타내었다. ${\alpha}$-Glucosidase 저해활성을 측정한 결과 1%에서 열수 추출물은 25.9%, 에탄올 추출물은 37.5%의 활성을 보인 껍질이 가장 높은 활성을 보였다. 또한 Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus epidermidis 및 Salmonella typimimum에 대한 항균활성을 평가한 결과 참외의 에탄올 추출물에서 Streptococcus agalactia에서만 껍질, 과육, 태좌에서 각각 15, 13 및 12mm의 clear zone를 나타내었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.344-352
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• 2006

흡연은 체내에서 활성산소중(ROS)을 증가시키어 혈액내 지질과 지단백의 변화, 산화된 LDL에 의한 내피세포의 손상 등을 유발하므로 심혈관질환 발병의 주요 위험인자로 여겨지고 있으며, 과도한 DNA의 산화는 발암원인이 될 수도 있기 때문에 흡연으로 인한 산화적손상의 방어기전으로는 항산화 영양상태의 개선이 제시되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 비흡연자 20명과 흡연자 19명을 대상으로 채소혼합음료를 8주간 매일 240 mL씩 보충 섭취시킨 후, 혈압과 항산화효소 활성도, 지질양상에 대한 개선효과를 관찰하였다. 채소혼합음료 섭취 후에 대상자의 수축기혈압은 흡연자 5.3 mmHg(5.8% 감소), 비흡연자 6.8 mmHg(7.5% 감소)로 유의적으로 감소하였으며, 이완기혈압은 흡연자에게서 3.9 mmHg(3.1% 감소) 감소하였다. 적혈구 내 항산화효소인 SOD활성은 채소혼합음료 섭취 후에 두 군 모두 증가하였으나, GSH-Px, catalase 활성은 두 군 모두 변화를 보이지 않았다. 혈장지질 양상은 채소혼합음료 섭취 후에 비흡연자의 혈장 TC, LDL-C이 감소하였고 흡연자에서는 혈장 TC수준이 감소하였다. 한편, 간 기능을 살펴본 결과, 채소혼합음료 섭취 후에 비흡연군에서는 GOT, GPT, 흡연군에서는 GPT가 각각 감소하였다. 본 연구에서 대상자에게 채소혼합음료를 섭취케 한 후 혈압, 항산화 효소, 혈장지질 양상 및 간 기능수치 등 여러 지표의 개선효과를 관찰할 수 있었는데 이로부터 하루에 240mL씩의 채소혼합음료의 섭취가 흡연자뿐만 아니라 비흡연자의 산화적손상과 관련된 질병을 예방하기 위한 건강에 유익한 방법 중 하나로 제시될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 앞으로는 새로이 개발된 건강기능식품의 생리효과를 검증하기 위한 실험을 수행하고자 할 경우, 정상인뿐 아니라 혈압, 지질양상 및 간 기능 등 각 항목의 고위험자를 대상으로 하는 연구도 광범위하게 수행되어야 하리라고 본다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.75-82
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• 2023

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from kimchi (a traditional Korean dish typically made of fermented cabbage) can provide various health benefits, including anti-obesity, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anticancer, and antimicrobial effects. In this study, we examined the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WiKim0125 cultured in de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) medium containing vegetable waste. Live bacterial cells were eliminated via supernatant filtration or heat treatment. The cell-free supernatant (CFS) obtained from culture broth containing kimchi cabbage waste (KCW), cabbage waste (CW), or onion waste (OW) showed significantly higher antimicrobial activity against skin pathogens (Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus aureus) and foodborne pathogens (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium), with inhibition zones ranging between 4.4 and 8.5 mm, compared to that in conventional MRS medium (4.0-7.3 mm). In lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, both supernatant and heat-inactivated Lb. plantarum WiKim0125 from culture media containing KCW and CW suppressed the production of inflammatory cytokines (72.8% and 49.6%, respectively) and nitric oxide (62.2% and 66.7%, respectively) without affecting cell viability. These results indicate that vegetable waste can potentially increase the antimicrobial and immunoregulatory potency of LAB while presenting a molecular basis for applying postbiotics to health products.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.81-86
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• 2007

Biodiesel fuel that consists of saturated and unsaturated long-chain fatty acid alkyl esters is an alternative diesel fuel produced from vegetable oils or animal fats. However, air causes autoxidation of biodiesel fuel during storage, which can reduce fuel quality by adversely affecting its properties, such as the kinematic viscosity and acid value. One approach for improving the resistance of fatty derivatives to autoxidation is to mix them with antioxidants. This study investigated the effectiveness of five such antioxidants in mixtures with biodiesel fuels produced by three biodiesel manufacturers : tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), propyl gallate (PrG) and $\alpha$-tocopherol. Oxidation stability was determined using Rancimat equipment. The results show that TBHQ, BHA, and BHT were the most effective and $\alpha$-tocopherol was the least effective at increasing the oxidation stability of biodiesel. This study recommends that TBHQ and PrG be used for safeguarding biodiesel fuel from the effects of autoxidation during storage.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.466-471
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• 1994

The antioxidant activity of methanol extracts of thirty plants was tested using the methol of 1, 1-diphenyl-2-pi-cryl hydrazyl (DPPH) reactivity. Four methanol extracts from Zingiber officinale, Piper nigrum , Zanthoxylum schinifolium and Capsocum annuum were found to be the most effective on DPPH radical scavenging activity. The next effective ones were Perilla frutescens , Sedium sarmentosum , Raphnus sativas, aArctium lappa, Beta vulgaris. Brassica oleracea var. Acephala, bBrassica juncea inorder, and the others did not show a considerable activity. The methanol extract obtained from the seed coats of Zanthoxylum schinifolium was fractinated with several sovlents. The interphase materials exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity and was further purified by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chormatography. Two active principles were isolated and identified as quercetin -3-O-$\alpha$-L-rhamonopyranoiside(quercitrin) and quercetin 3-O-$\alpha$-D-galactopyranoside (hyperoside) by ultraviolet(UV), proton nuclear magetic resonance (1H-NMR) and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR). Its antioxidative activity was a little higher that that of L-ascorbic acid.

• 약학회지
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.249-254
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• 2005

The ethanol extracts of the mixed vegetables (Bioactive Vegetables, BV) and the mixed fruits (Bioactive Fruits, BF) were evaluated for their in vivo antioxidant activities. Four weeks treatment of oral administration was performed to mice. A $KBrO_3$ as a potent oxidant was used to induce the oxidative stress for in vivo experiment. BV and BF were shown to possess the significant inhibitory effect of lipid peroxidation as measured by the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) formation although the potencies were not higher than those of well-known antioxidants such as vitamin C, trolox and quercetin. Furthermore, BV and BF inhibited DNA damage assessed by single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) and reduced the micronucleated reticulocyte (MNRET) formation of peripheral blood. Antioxidants tested also revealed potent inhibitory activities higher than BV and BF. These antigenotoxic activity profiles were similar to that of abovementioned inhibition of lipid peroxidation. Therefore, BV and BF having mild antioxidant activity as functional food candidates may be useful natural antioxidants by the inhibiting of lipid peroxidation and the protecting oxidative DNA and chromosomal damage.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.289-294
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• 2004

The antioxidant activity of forty two kinds of salad vegetables grown in Korea was evaluated. Methanol extract of freeze-dried vegetable was assayed by radical scavenging activity using 1,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Fe^{2+}$-catalyzed lipid peroxidation inhibition by TBA method. Total phenolics were determined colorimetrically using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The highest radical scavenging activity was expressed by perilla leaf, followed by dandelion leaf, red and green leafy lettuce, of which $IC_{50}$ was less than 0.10 mg/mL. Angelica leaf showed the highest inhibitory action for lipid peroxidation with $95\%$, and then dandelion leaf, water spinach, and perilla leaf inhibited over $80\%$. However, lettuce (Iceberg) and young Chinese cabbage exhibited the lowest antioxidant activity based on both assay methods. Highly positive correlations between antioxidative activities and total phenolics were observed (p < 0.001). The results suggested that salad vegetables, especially perilla leaf, leafy lettuce, dandelion or angelica, could be used for easily accessible sources of natural antioxidants.