• 생명과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2004

식용식물 Capsicum annuum L., Lactucs dentata Makino., Sedum sarmentosum Bunge, Perilla frutescens Brit., Agastache rugosa Kuntz, Equisetum arvense L., Chrysanthemum coronarium, Arctium lappa, Cinnamomum camphora Sibe.들의 MCF-7 mammary gland adenocarcinoma cell line에 대한 증식억제효과를 관찰하기 위해 MTT 비색정량법을 이용하였다. 그 결과 Cupsicum annuum L. 추출시료를 첨가한 경우에 MCF-7세포의 성장은 현저한 감소를 보였으며, 결과에서 분명한 항암효과를 관찰할 수 있었다. 특히 Capsicum annuum L. leaf은 1 $\mul/ml$ 첨가에서 35,3%의 증식억제효과를 보였고, 2.5 $\mul/ml$에서 42.9%, 7.5 $\mul/ml$에서 94.8%의 세포성장억제를 관찰할 수 있었다. Capsicum annuum L. fruit unripen 추출물 10 $\mul/ml$에서 75%, 25 $\mul/ml$에서 80%의 성장억제률을 보였다. Equisetum arvense L. 와 Lactuca dentata Makino. var. flaviflora Makino에서도 세포성장이 억제됨을 관찰할 수 있었으며, Lactuca dentata Makino. var. flaviflora Makino추출시료 첨가군에서는 10 $\mul/ml$ 첨가에서 30%, 25 $\mul/ml$에서 52%의 성장억제률을 보였다. Equisetum arvense L.은 10 $\mul/ml$ 첨가군에서 11%, 25 $\mul/ml$에서 25%의 성장억제률을 보였다. 배양세포의 형태변화를 관찰해 본 결과에서도, 첨가시료가 Capsicum annuum L. leaf인 경우 착상이 어렵고 3일부터는 세포탈락과 세포파괴가 일어나기 시작하여 6일째엔 거의 모든 세포에서 세포사현상이 관찰되었다. 그리고 Capsicum annuum L. fruit unripen와 Lactuca dentata Makino. var. flaviflora Makino 추출액을 첨가한 경우에도 배양4일에 세포의 변형과 성장지연이 관찰되었으며, 8일째에 파괴되기 시작하여 배양14일과 19일에 많은 세포사현상의 파편들이 관찰되었다. Equisetum arvense L.는 배양4일에 세포성장은 지연되었으나 여전히 잘 자랐으며 일부세포에서 변형이 관찰되었다. 12일째에도 성장은 계속되었고 일부세포만이 변형을 보였으며 18일째에도 비슷한 결과로 관찰되었다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.79-89
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• 2004

Saussurea lappa and Taraxacum mongolicum have been used for herbal medicinal treatments against cancers in East Asia. We performed this study to understand the molecular basis underlying the anti-tumor effects of two herbs and analyzed the effects of these medicinal herbs on proliferation and on expression of cell growth/apoptosis related molecules by using an AGS gastric cancer cell line. The treatments of Saussurea lappa dramatically reduced cell viabilities in a dose and time-dependent manner, but Taraxacum mongolicum did not. FACS analysis and Annexin V staining assay also showed that Saussurea lappa induces apoptotic cell death of AGS. Expression analyses via RT-PCR and Western blots revealed that Saussurea lappa increased expression of the p53 and its downstream effector p21/sup Waf1/, and that the both increased expression of apoptosis related Bax and cleavage of active caspase-3 protein. We also confirmed the translocation of Bax to mitochondria Collectively, our data demonstrate that Saussurea lappa induces growth inhibition and apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells, and these effects are correlated with down- and up-regulation of growth-regulating apoptotic and tumor suppressor genes, respectively.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.5001-5007
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• 2014

The acetyltransferase inhibitor garcinol, a polyisoprenylated benzophenone, is extracted from the rind of the fruit of Garcinia indica, a plant found extensively in tropical regions. Anti-cancer activity has been suggested but there is no report on its action via inhibiting acetylation against cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis-inhibtion induced by estradiol ($E_2$) in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. The main purposes of this study were to investigate the effects of the acetyltransferase inhibitor garcinol on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis inhibition in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells treated with estrogen, and to explore the significance of changes in acetylation levels in this process. We used a variety of techniques such as CCK-8 analysis of cell proliferation, FCM analysis of cell cycling and apoptosis, immunofluorescence analysis of NF-${\kappa}B$/p65 localization, and RT-PCR and Western blotting analysis of ac-H3, ac-H4, ac-p65, cyclin D1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl. We found that on treatment with garcinol in MCF-7 cells, $E_2$-induced proliferation was inhibited, cell cycle progression was arrested at G0/G1 phase, and the cell apoptosis rate was increased. Expression of ac-H3, ac-H4 and NF-${\kappa}B$/ac-p65 proteins in $E_2$-treated MCF-7 cells was increased, this being inhibited by garcinol but not ac-H4.The nuclear translocation of NF-${\kappa}B$/p65 in $E_2$-treated MCF-7 cells was also inhibited, along with cyclin D1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl in mRNA and protein expression levels. These results suggest that the effect of $E_2$ on promoting proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis is linked to hyperacetylation levels of histones and nonhistone NF-${\kappa}B$/p65 in MCF-7 cells. The acetyltransferase inhibitor garcinol plays an inhibitive role in MCF-7 cell proliferation promoted by $E_2$. Mechanisms are probably associated with decreasing ac-p65 protein expression level in the NF-${\kappa}B$ pathway, thus down-regulating the expression of cyclin D1, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권14호
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• pp.6039-6046
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• 2015

Aims: To investigate effect of metallic nanoparticles, silver (AgNPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as antitumor treatment in vitro against human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and their associated mechanisms. This could provide new class of engineered nanoparticles with desired physicochemical properties and may present newer approaches for therapeutic modalities to breast cancer in women. Materials and Methods: A human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) was used as a model of cells. Metallic nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectra and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Cytotoxic effects of metallic nanoparticles on MCF-7 cells were followed by colorimetric SRB cell viability assays, microscopy, and cellular uptake. Nature of cell death was further investigated by DNA analysis and flow cytometry. Results: Treatment of MCF-7 with different concentrations of 5-10nm diameter of AgNPs inhibited cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50 value of $6.28{\mu}M$, whereas treatment of MCF-7 with different concentrations of 13-15nm diameter of AuNPs inhibited cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, with IC50 value of $14.48{\mu}M$. Treatment of cells with a IC50 concentration of AgNPs generated progressive accumulation of cells in the S phase of the cell cycle and prevented entry into the M phase. The treatment of cells with IC50 concentrations of AuNPs similarly generated progressive accumulation of cells in sub-G1 and S phase, and inhibited the entrance of cells into the M phase of the cell cycle. DNA fragmentation, as demonstrated by electrophoresis, indicated induction of apoptosis. Conclusions: Our engineered silver nanoparticles effectively inhibit the proliferation of human breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7 in vitro at high concentration ($1000{\mu}M$) through apoptotic mechanisms, and may be a beneficial agent against human carcinoma but further detailed study is still needed.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.367-374
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• 2012

Cigarette smoking (SM) is considered to be well known environmental toxin which contributes to the onset of various diseases. SM cause direct lungs damage, activate lungs inflammatory responses, and in some cases leads to the development of lung cancer. Cytokines in injured starfish (Asterina pectinifera) is the potential changes in its expression during the regeneration process. Especially, expression of TGF-${\beta}1$ has increased in arm cut starfish extract after eight days. Also, starfish including saponin like the ginseng. Saponin is widely used in the world because of some effective pharmacological activities. Therefore, the current study was designed to elucidate the pharmacological activities of starfish extract against cigarette smoking induced damage in cell line and pulmonary tissue. We investigate that the effect of eight days starfish extract after arm cut (8d) and intact starfish extract on cell line and mouse lung injury by SM. In cell proliferation analysis, although cigarette smoking extract (CSE) was co-treated, the higher proliferation ability is shown in 8d treatment than intact starfish extract. 8d and intact starfish extract was directly transported to pulmonary cells through respiratory organ by nebulizer inhalation. In this case of cigarette smoking, the pulmonary structure was damaged and functions become abnormal. However, 8d treated groups showed similar with the control group compared with SM group. Among them, 8d was proved to be more effective than intact starfish extract. These results demonstrate that 8d could more protect pulmonary structure and function than intact starfish extract against cigarette smoking by ginseng like saponin and regulation of inflammatory cytokines.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1843-1849
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• 2004

Conventional medicines have usually sorted to a number of treatments such asoperation, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. The existing anti-cancer agents, designed to eradicate cancer cells, have strong toxicities, also with leading to harmful side effects. Recently, a number of researches on natural products have been actively carried out in efforts to develop new treatments that can decrease side effects or increase anti-cancer effects. We performed this study to understand the molecular basis underlying the antitumor effects of Pharbitis nil, and Plantago asiatica, which have been used for herbal medicinal treatments against cancers in East Asia. We analyzed the effects of these medicinal herbs on proliferation and on expression of cell growth/apoptosis related molecules, with using an AGS gastric cancer cell line. The treatment of Pharbitis nil dramatically reduced cell viabilities in a dose and time-dependent manner, but Plantago asiatica didn't. FACS analysis and Annexin V staining assay also showed that Pharbitis nil induce apoptotic cell death of AGS. Expression analyses via RT-PCR and Western blots revealed that Pharbitis nil didn't increase expression of the p53 and its downstream effector p21/sup wafl/, and that the both increased expression of apoptosis related Sax and cleavage of active caspase-3 protein. We also confirmed the translocation of Sax to mitochondria. Collectively, our data demonstrate that Pharbitis nilinduce growth inhibition and apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells, and these effects are correlated with down- and up-regulation of growth-regulating apoptotic and tumor suppressor genes, respectively.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2005

The inhibitory activity against bisphenol-A (BPA), one of well-known endocrine disrupters was examined with the water extracts prepared from the Stem Bark of Syringa velutina (SBS). In this study, we have investigated the effect of SBS on the toxicity caused by BPA in human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7 cells and immature Sprague-Dawley rats. In the estrogen receptor-mediated proliferation assay using MCF-7 cells, BPA (16 ng/ml) induced the cell proliferation, but the water extract of SBS inhibited BPA-induced cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. These results are associated with PARP degradation and specific cleavage of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 of apoptotic regulatory factors. Additionally, the BPA (400 mg/100 g) significantly induced the increase of the uterine and virginal weights, while SBS (50 mg/100 g) showed the inhibitory action against BPA, i.e. caused the increase of estrogen-related organ weights in immature rat uterotrophic assay. Taken together, the present data suggest that SBS may have anti-toxicity activities against BPA in vitro and in vivo systems. SBS may be capable of inhibiting adverse effects of BPA such as reproductive disorder.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.3395-3403
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• 2016

Conjugated linoleic acid, a functional lipid, produced from Lactobacillus plantarum (LP-CLA), has been demonstrated to possess apoptotic activity. The anti-proliferative and apoptotic potential of LP-CLA was here evaluated in vitro using the MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cell line as a model system. Proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells was inhibited with increasing concentrations of LP-CLA with altered morphological features like cell detachment, rounding of cells and oligonucleosomal fragmentation of DNA. Flow cytometry confirmed the apoptotic potential of LP-CLA by ANNEXIN V/PI double staining. Furthermore, outcome results indicated that the apoptosis was mediated by downregulation of the NF-${\kappa}B$ pathway which in turn acted through proteasome degradation of $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$, inhibition of p65 nuclear translocation, release of cytochrome-C from mitochondria and finally overexpression of Bax protein. Thus, conjugated linoleic acid, a natural product derived from probiotics, could therefore be a possible potential chemotherapeutic agent due to its apoptotic activity against estrogen receptor negative breast cancer cells.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권10호
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• pp.4255-4259
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• 2014

Lactobacilli are probiotics shown to have antitumor activities. In addition, they can regulate gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms. In this study, we aimed to assess anti tumor activities of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus crispatus on the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line. The effects of culture supernatants were determined by MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-y-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay. Changes in expression of 5 cancer-testis antigens (CTAs), namely AKAP4, ODF4, PIWIL2, RHOXF2 and TSGA10, were analyzed by quantitative real time RT-PCR. The culture supernatants of the 2 lactobacilli inhibited MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation. In addition, transcriptional activity of all mentioned CTAs except AKAP4 was significantly decreased after 24 hour treatment with culture supernatants. This study shows that Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus crispatus have antiproliferative activity against MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, these lactobacilli could decrease transcriptional activity of 4 CTAs. Previous studies have shown that expression of CTAs is epigenetically regulated, so it is possible that lactobacilli cause this expression downregulation through epigenetic mechanisms. As expression of CTAs in cancers is usually associated with higher grades and poor prognosis, downregulation of their expression by lactobacilli may have clinical implications.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.297-301
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 중국에서 급성 위장염에 대한 약제로 사용되어 오던 일문전의 메탄올 추출물을 이용하여 물, 에틸 아세테이트, 부탄올 층으로 분획한 뒤 항산화 활성과 항암활성을 측정하였다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능은 $1,000{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 부탄올(75.23%)> 메탄올(68.11%)> 에틸아세테이트 (63.58%)> 물(50.13%) 순으로 나타났으며 환원력의 경우 용매 분획물의 농도가 증가함에 따라 환원력이 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. DPPH 라디칼 소거능 및 환원력 모두 부탄올 분획층에서 좋은 활성을 나타내었다. 항암활성 측정결과 메탄올 추출물과 부탄올 분획물, 에틸 아세테이트 분획물에서 MDA-MB-231 cell과 MCF-7 cell에 대한 세포증식억제효과를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과에서 일문전의 용매 분획물은 항암 후보물질로의 가능성이 있을 것으로 사료된다.