• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.157-161
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• 1990

We have been isolating various physiologically active substances from non-saponin fraction of Korean Red Ginseng. These are adenosine, pyre-glutamic acid, dencichine and acidic polysaccharide. Adenosine and pyre-glutamic acid are known to inhibit epinephrine-induced lipolysis in fat cells and stimulate the insulin-mediated lipogenesis. In addition to these actions, adenosine was found to inhibit both norepinephrine- and histamine-induced aorta constriction, and pyre·glutamic acid inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme. Dencichine stimulated histamine-induced aorta constriction. Finally, acidic polysaccharide was found to inhibit both lipolytic and anorexigenic actions of Toxohormone-L. Based on these experimental results, I presented a briefreview on these compounds isolated from non-saponin fraction of Korea Red Ginseng.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.155-171
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• 2020

Fermented products, including sausages, provide several health benefits, particularly when probiotics are used in the fermentation process. This study aimed to examine the cytotoxicity (against Caco-2 and MCF-7 cell lines), antihypertensive activity via angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition, antioxidant capacity, antidiabetic activity via α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition, proteolysis rate, and oxidative degradation of fermented camel and beef sausages in vitro by the novel probiotic Lactococcus lactis KX881782 isolated from camel milk. Moreover, camel and beef sausages fermented with commercial starter culture alone were compared to those fermented with commercial starter culture combined with L. lactis. The degree of hydrolysis, antioxidant capacity, cytotoxicity against Caco-2 and MCF-7, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and ACE inhibitory activities were higher (p<0.05) in fermented camel sausages than beef sausages. In contrast, the water and lipid peroxidation activity were lower (p<0.05) in camel sausages than beef sausages. L. lactis enhanced the health benefits of the fermented camel sausages. These results suggest that camel sausage fermented with the novel probiotic L. lactis KX881782 could be a promising functional food that relatively provides several health benefits to consumers compared with fermented beef sausage.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.276-281
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• 2007

Oddi is a mulberry fruit that has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. This study was carried out to investigate the quality characteristics of mulberry fruit wines manufactured by two different methods. Where they were processed according to the traditional Korean fruit wine methodology(A) or a modified(B). Sensory qualities, physiochemical characteristics, and biochemical activities of the Oddi wines were analyzed. From the results of the sensory evaluation, manufacturing method A showed higher acceptability. However, the two different methods was not significantly different overall. The method A wine had higher brightness(L)(77.65) redness(a), and yellowness(b). As for the antioxidant activities and ACE(angiotensin-converting enzyme) inhibitory abilities of the wines manufacturing method A had greater values.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.10.1-10.14
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• 2019

Fish skin waste accounts for part of the solid waste generated from seafood processing. Utilization of fish skin by bioconversion into high-grade products would potentially reduce pollution and economic cost associated with treating fish processing waste. Fish skin is an abundant supply of gelatin and collagen which can be hydrolyzed to produce bioactive peptides of 2-20 amino acid sequences. Bioactivity of peptides purified from fish skin includes a range of activities such as antihypertensive, anti-oxidative, antimicrobial, neuroprotection, antihyperglycemic, and anti-aging. Fish skin acts as a physical barrier and chemical barrier through antimicrobial peptide innate immune action and other functional peptides. Small peptides have been demonstrated to possess biological activities which are based on their amino acid composition and sequence. Fish skin-derived peptides contain a high content of hydrophobic amino acids which contribute to the antioxidant and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activity. The peptide-specific composition and sequence discussed in this review can be potentially utilized in the development of pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.1428-1433
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• 2011

In this study, we isolated and characterized plant-associated lactic acid bacteria which are able to produce angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory and antioxidative activities. Five lactic acid bacteria were isolated from plants (grape and leek), a plant-associated fermentative product (Kimchi) and Korean traditional alcohol (Dongdongju). Strains K-1 and K-21 from Kimchi, strain L-5 from leek, strain G-3 from grape, and strain D-3 from Dongdongju were identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Weissella cibaria, L. plantarum, and L. brevis, respectively, by 16S rRNA gene analysis. ACE inhibitory activities of isolated strains ranged from 44.3 to 71.9% in the MRS broth. G-3, L-5 and K-1 strains especially showed high ACE inhibitory activities (59.8-98.69%) in the MRS broth containing skim milk. DPPH radical scavenging activities of the strains were in the range of 42.5-82.7%. All strains showed varying levels of resistance in artificial gastric fluid (pH 2.5), retaining viability ranging from 42.2 to 88.1% after 3 hr of incubation. All strains showed high resistance to 0.3% oxgall after 24 hr of incubation; survival rates were in the range of 55.4-112.8%. Isolated strains were found to be antagonistic to some pathogens including Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.195-200
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• 2003

This study was carried out to compare the biological activities of Epjmedium koreanum Nakai grown wild in Korea and China. The antioxidative effect of E. koreanum Nakai-extracts grown wild in Gangwondo was 78%, which was higher than that in China as 71%. The inhibition ratio of growing cancer cells was estimated as 89, 91 and 86% for human liver, lung and breast cancer cell lines, respectively in adding 0.1 g/l of ethanol extracts of E. koreanum grown in Korea. The hepatoprotective effect and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibiting effect of Korean one were also observed as 124 and 87%, respectively, which were also higher than those produced in China. There was not much difference between Korean and Chinese one in inhibiting ${\alpha}-glucosidase$ activities in all ranges of supplement. It was proved that most effective extraction solvent was mixed type as water and ethanol (1:1, v/v) to have higher biological activities from both Korean and Chinese ones.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.296-301
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• 2008

The extracts from Salvia officinalis were studied for antioxidative activities and inhibitory activities against angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) and xanthine oxidase (XOase). Total phenolic compounds were found as 22.28, 26.3, 24.63, and 28.22 mg/g in the water, 60% ethanol, 60% methanol and 60% acetone extracts, respectively. The antioxidant activities of Salvia officinalis extracts were measured as $64.4{\pm}1.5%$ at $200\;{\mu}g/ml$ on EDA, inhibition rate on ABTS of $96.9{\pm}0.2%$, antioxidant protection factor of $2.30{\pm}0.16$ PF and TBARS was $0.6{\pm}0.05$ (${\times}100\;{\mu}M$) in the control and $0.28{\pm}0.02$ (${\times}100\;{\mu}M$) in 60% ethanol extracts. Inhibitory activities was the ACE of 75.50% and XOase 100% in 60% ethanol extracts. The 60% ethanol extracts from Salvia officinalis exhibited antimicrobial activities against Helicobacter pylori such as 13 mm of clear zone and inhibition rate of 63.4% with $200\;{\mu}g/ml$ of phenolics content. Rosemarinic acid was the most abundant phenolic compounds as analyzed by HPLC. The results suggest that the 60% ethanol extracts from Salvia officinalis L. will be useful as natural antioxidants and functional foods.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.690-695
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• 2003

Physiological activities of 40% ethanol extracts of Phellinus ribis were studied by employing several biological and biochemical assays. The extracts of Phellinus ribis displayed nitrate-scavenging activities (NSA) at pH 1.2 as with 64% NSA with 1.0 mg/mL of the extracts. They also had 91% 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities at the concentration of 1.0 mg/mL. Antioxidant activities of the extracts (at 0.5 mg/mL) on the autoxidation of linoleic acid (p<0.001) were also observed.. The inhibitory effect of the extracts on angiotensin converting enzyme was 11%. Cytotoxic effects of Phellinus ribis extracts against human cancer cell tines were also examined using MTT assay. The extracts (at 50 mg/mL) had severe growth inhibitory effects on A549, Hela, AGS, and SK-Hep-1, which were 8, 44, 76 and 42%, respectively. Ames test indicated that the extracts had no mutating effects on Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.790-796
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• 2005

Physiological activities of hot-water extract and various concentration ethanol extracts from Bokbunja (Rubus coreanum F. ) were examined. Total phenol content of extract showed higher content in hot-water extract (41.4 mg/g) than other extracts, Optimum condition of extraction for phenolic was $60\%$ ethanol extract (41.3 mg/g). The ABTS radical decolorilization and antioxidant protection factor were determined. Results shown inhibition rate on ABTS of $60\%$ ethanol extract $(99.8\%)$ and antioxidant protection factor of water extract (1.2 PF). Electron donation ability on DPPH was higher 60$\%$ ethanol extract than another percent ethanol extracts. Also hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of extracts was higher $60\%$ ethanol extracts $(0.03\times100\mu\;M)$ than another extracts because the value of TBARS was lower than another extracts. But hot-water extract had higher inhibitory activities on xanthine oxidase and pancreatin $\alpha$ -amylase than $60\%$ ethanol extract. ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitory activities were equaled to hot water exract and $60\%$ ethanol extract. Protocatecuic acid was the most abundant phenolic compounds as analyzed by HPLC. The results will be useful as natural antioxidants and functional foods for understanding the physiological activities of Bukbunja extracts.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.265-269
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• 2004

This study was conducted to develop physiologically active plant materials from medicinal plants. Crude extracts and solvent fractions prepared from Lysimachia cletroides Duby were tested for their antioxidant and antihypertensive activities. For ellucidating antioxidant potential, inhibition rate on linoleic acid peroxidation, as well as scavenging activities on superoxide anion and 1,1-dipicrylphenylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical were evaluated. For analyzing antihypertensive effect, inhibitory activity on angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) was done. Methanol extract of L. cletroides showed potent inhibition activity of 83% on linoleic acid peroxidation, which was more effective than -2% of ${\alpha}-tocopherol$ at $25\;{\mu}g/ml$. Methanol and water extracts exhibited strong scavenging activities of $86{\sim}109%$ and $96{\sim}122%$ on superoxide anion radical which was higher than $-4{\sim}69%$ of ascorbic acid at $5{\sim}200\;{\mu}g/ml$. Hexane, ether and ethylacetate fractions possessed 133, 100 and 88% inhibitory activities on ACE at $4,000\;{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. From the results, it was expected that Lysimachia cletroides could be a new antioxidant and antihypertensive resource.