• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.991-999
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 호흡에 의하여 변화하는 기도 내부 영역의 형태학적인 정보를 반영할 수 있는 EBCT를 이용한 영상 획득 기법과 이 기법을 이용하여 획득한 단층 영상으로부터 기도 내벽의 윤곽선을 자동적으로 검출하는 방법을 제안하였다. 기도의 각 준위에 대한 영상데이터들을 적용한 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 결과들을 통하여 제안한 방법이 효과적으로 기도의 윤곽선을 검출함을 확인하였으며 시간적 변화에 따른 기도 내벽의 단면적인 변화를 볼 수 있었다. 따라서, 제안한 방법이 임상에서의 정량적 평가에 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.457-464
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• 2022

Tracheostomy is a surgical procedure that is commonly used to treat upper airway obstruction. In particular, patients with head and neck cancer may require elective or emergency tracheostomy because of airway obstruction due to massive bleeding of the intraoral tumor mass and rapid growth of the tumor mass in the neck area. Here, we report four cases of tracheostomy in patients with head and neck cancer with narrowed airway space and difficulty in breathing. Based on these cases and a literature review, we recommend that oral and maxillofacial surgeons and dental anesthesiologists should cooperate closely and determine the appropriate timing to perform definitive airway management for such patients during palliative treatment, along with continuous evaluation of tumor location, risk of recurrence, and airway involvement.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.96-100
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• 2003

Retrophayngeal hematomas frequently develop in patients who had cervical vertebra fracture. The hematoma develops in the space between buccopharyngeal fascia and prevertebral fascia. But it rarely causes severe airway obstruction. We recently treated a patient who had dyspnea and dysphagia due to a retropharyngeal hematoma without any significant trauma history. First, tracheostomy was performed to maintain the airway. Then, incision and drainage was done under suspension laryngoscope. This case shows the fact that a retropharyngeal hematoma can result in severe airway obstruction even after a minor trauma.

• 대한장애인치과학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.88-91
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• 2008

A female patient (14 years-old) with mental retardation was scheduled for ambulatory general anesthesia to treat peri-apical abscess and multiple dental caries. She had got cleft palate plasty at 5 years, but there was no past history of difficulty airway during general anesthesia or airway obstruction. Following induction of anesthesia using an inhalational anesthetic technique, conventional naso-tracheal intubation was tried. However, with conventional intubation technique we could not insert tube. And following several trial of intubation with laryngoscope, she developed an upper airway obstruction. Her lungs could not be ventilated using a facial mask and oxygen saturation was decreased. A #3 laryngeal mask airway (LMA) was inserted immediately, which allowed us to ventilate her lungs and restore the oxygen saturation. And dental treatment was carried out under LMA insertion successfully.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.321-328
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• 2008

The number of patient with allergic asthma and atopy have increased in the cities of Korea steadily. In order to elucidate the primary factor, we investigated whether the house dust particles collected from an apartment of the middle classes has promoting effects of allergen-related airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. Mice were treated with 0.1 mL of 1 mg/mL of house dust particles suspension by intratracheal instillation once weekly for 10 weeks combined with ovalalbumin (OVA) sensitization. Intratracheal instillation of house dust particles and OVA sensitization caused an increase in the level of serum L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), immunoglobulun-E (IgE) and histamine, and an elevation in respiratory resistance. It also enhanced infiltration of eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of mice, IgE and eotaxin expression in blood, and T helper type 2 cell derived cytokine levels such as of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13 and IL-5 in the BALF. However, it did not influence T helper type 1 cytokine such as interferon-gamma in the BALF. These results indicate that house dust particles elevate allergen-related airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in mice and may play an important role in the aggravation of asthma and atopy in Korea.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate whether asian yellow sand dust (AS) has promoting effects of allergen-related airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness, because the number of patient with allergic asthma and atopy, and with chronic bronchial inflammation and pneumonia have increased steadily in the cities of Korea. The appearance of AS collected was all round and flat, and the diameter was mostly below about 5 ${\mu}m$. When mice were treated with AS suspension by intratracheal instillation combined with ovalalbumin(OVA) sensitization chronically, the level of serum L-lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), IgE and histamine, and respiratory resistance was increased. Intratracheal instillation of AS and OVA also enhanced infiltration of eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), IgE and eotaxin expression, and T helper type 2 cell derived cytokines of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13 and IL-5 as major contributors to allergy and asthma. These results indicate that AS elevates allergen-related airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in mice and may play an important role in the aggravation of respiratory diseases in Korea.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.177-183
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• 2012

The inspiratory flow rate of a human is changed with the amount of the workload. The flow characteristic is affected by the inspiratory flow rate. In the flow field of airway, the both of turbulence intensity and secondary flow affect the deposition pattern of particles which is important for the drug-aerosol targeting. Thus the analysis of the flow characteristic in a human airway is important. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the inspiratory flow rate on the flow characteristics in a human airway. The tubular airway is consistent with the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx and trachea. The relatively inspiratory flow rate is used at each case of human states regarding the workload. By the effect of geometric airway changes, transition to turbulent airflow after the larynx can occur with relaminarization further downstream. The low Reynolds number k-${\omega}$ turbulence model is used for analysis with flow regime. As the inspiratory flow rate is larger, the turbulence kinetic energy and secondary flow intensity increase in airway. On the other hand, the area of recirculation zone is smaller.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.249-254
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• 2014

Allergic asthma is a chronic pulmonary inflammatory disease characterized by reversible airway obstruction, hyperresponsiveness and eosinophils infiltration. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) signaling are closely associated with asthma and have emerged as a novel therapeutic target in allergic disease. The functions of TLR3 and TLR4 in allergic airway inflammation have been studied; however, the precise role of TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-${\beta}$ (TRIF), the adaptor molecule for both TLR3 and TLR4, is not yet fully understood. To investigate this, we developed a mouse model of OVA-induced allergic airway inflammation and compared the severity of allergic airway inflammation in WT and $TRIF^-/^-$ mice. Histopathological assessment revealed that the severity of inflammation in airway inflammation in TRIF-deficient mice was comparable to that in WT mice. The total number of cells recovered from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid did not differ between WT and TRIF-deficient mice. Moreover, TRIF deficiency did not affect Th1 and Th2 cytokine production in lung tissue nor the level of serum OVA-specific IgE, $IgG_1$ and $IgG_{2c}$. These findings suggest that TRIF-mediated signaling may not be critical for the development of allergic airway inflammation.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 2018

Postoperative airway aspiration is not uncommon in patients with head and neck cancer. Airway aspiration has serious consequences, such as swallowing disorders, nutrition-related health problem, or reducing the quality of life due to maintenance of tracheal or nasogastric tubes. The postoperative oropharyngeal defect due to the surgery may interfere with normal swallowing reflex, or the laryngeal dysfunction caused by radiation therapy may cause severe airway aspiration, which may lead to complications such as dyspnea and pneumonia. Complete removal of the disease is also important in the treatment of head and neck cancer, but it is necessary to select a method to avoid and predict the occurrence of airway aspiration according to the treatment method. The most important factor to prevent airway aspiration after surgery is to preserve the proper volume of the oropharynx and to preserve at least one of the cricoarytenoid joint function. It is also the most effective way to reduce additional complications by seeking appropriate surgical treatment according to airway aspiration status. The purpose of this study is to review the operative methods that can induce airway aspiration and consider the prevention and treatment strategy through review of the literature.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.235-239
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• 2015

The Combitube is an emergency airway-maintaining device, which can supply oxygen to dyspneic patients in emergency situations following two-jaw surgery. These patients experience difficulty in opening the mouth or have a partially obstructed airway caused by edema or hematoma in the oral cavity. As such, they cannot maintain the normal airway. The use of a Combitube may be favorable compared to the laryngeal mask airway because it is a thin and relatively resilient tube. A healthy 24-year-old man was dyspneic after extubation. Oxygen saturation fell below 90% despite untying the bimaxillary fixation and ambubagging. The opening of the mouth was narrow; thus, emergency airway maintenance was gained by insertion of a Combitube. The following day, a facial computer tomography revealed that the airway space narrowing was severe compared to its pre-operational state. After the swelling subsided, the patient was successfully extubated without complications.