References
- C. Kleinstreuer, Z. Zhang, and Z. Li "Modeling airflow and particle transport/deposition in pulmonary airways," Repiratory Physioloty, vol. 163, pp. 128-133, 2008.
- S.M. Graham et al., "Preoperative assessment of obstruction with computed tomography image analysis," Am. J. Otolaryngol., vol. 21, pp. 263-270, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1053/ajot.2000.8379
- A.S. Green, "Modelling of peak-flow wall shear stress in major airways of the lung," Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 37, pp. 661-667, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2003.09.024
- D.N. Ku, "Blood flow in arteries," Annu. Rev. Fluids Mech., vol. 29, pp. 399-434, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.29.1.399
- 2000, Berger, S.A. and Jou, L.D., "Flows in stenotic vesses," Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., vol. 32, pp. 347-382, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fluid.32.1.347
- O. Molerus, "Overview: pneumatic transport of solids," Powder Technol., vol. 88, pp. 309-321, 1996 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0032-5910(96)03136-1
- B. Lakshminarayana, "Turbulence Modeling for Complex Shear Flows," AIAA Journal, vol. 24, pp. 1900-1917, 1986. https://doi.org/10.2514/3.9547
-
Z. Han and R.D. Reitz, "Turbulence Modeling of Internal Combustion Engines Using RNG k-
$\varepsilon$ Models," Combustion Science and Technology, vol. 106, pp. 267-295, 1995. https://doi.org/10.1080/00102209508907782 - I.M. Katz, T.B. Martonen, and W. Flaa, "Three-Dimensional Computational Study of Inspiratory Aerosol Flow Through the Larynx: The Effect of Glottis Aperture Modelation," Journal of Aerosol Science, vol. 28, pp. 1073-1084, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-8502(96)00494-6
-
G.C. Papageorgakis, and D.N. Assanis, "Comparison of Linear and Nonlinear RNG-Based k-
$\varepsilon$ " Models for Incompressible Turbulent Flows," Numerical Heat Transfer Part B, vol. 35, pp. 1-22, 1999. - C. Renotte, V. Bouffioux, and F. Wilquem, "Numerical 3D Analysis of Oscillatory Flow in the Time-Varying Laryngeal Channel," Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 33, pp. 1637-1644, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9290(00)00134-2
- C. Kleinstreuer, and Z. Zhang, "Laminar-to-turbulent fluidparticle flows in a human airway model," International Journal of Multiphase Flow, vol. 29, pp. 271-289, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-9322(02)00131-3
- Z. Zhang and C. Kleinstreuer, "Airflow structures and nanoparticle deposition in a human upper airway model," Journal of Computational Physics, vol. 198, pp. 178-210, 2004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2003.11.034
- K.H. Cheng, Y. S. Cheng, H. C. Yeh, and D. L. Swift, "Measurements of Airway Dimensions and Calculation of Mass Transfer Characteristics of the Human Oral Passage," Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, vol. 119, pp. 476-482, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2798296
- Z. Zhang, C. Kleinstreuer, J. F. Donohue, and C. S. Kim, "Comparison of micro-and nano-size particle depositions in a human upper airway model," Journal of Aerosol Science, vol. 36, pp. 211-233, 2005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2004.08.006
- J. Huang, and L. Zhang, "Numerical simulation of micro-particle deposition in a realistic human upper respiratory tract model during transient breathing cycle," Particuology, vol. 9, pp. 424-431, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.partic.2011.02.004
-
K.W. Stapleton, E. Guentsch, M.K. Hoskinson, and W.H. Finlay, "On the Suitability of k-
$\varepsilon$ Turbulence Modeling for Aerosol Deposition in the Mouth and Throat :A Comparison with Experiment," Journal of Aerosol Science, vol. 31, pp. 739-749, 2000. - P. W. Longest, M. Hindle, S. Das. Choudhuri, and J. Xi, "Comparison of ambient and spray aerosol deposition in a standard induction port and more realistic mouth-throat geometry," Journal of Aerosol Science, vol. 39, pp. 572-591, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaerosci.2008.03.008
- J.N. Anderson, et al., "Peak inspiratory flows of adults exercising at light, moderate and heavy work loads," Journal of the International Society for Respiratory Protection, vol. 23, pp. 53-63, 2006.
- Y.S. Cheng, Y. Zhou, and B.T. Chen, "Particle deposition in a cast of human oral airways," Aerosol Science and Technology, vol. 31, pp. 286-300, 1999. https://doi.org/10.1080/027868299304165
- D.C. Wilcox, Turbulence Modeling for CFD, 2nd edition, DCW Industries, Inc., La Canada CA, 1998.
- W.A. Wall, and T. Rabczuk, "Fluid-structure interaction in lower airways of CT-based lung geometries," International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, vol. 57, pp. 653- 675, 2008. https://doi.org/10.1002/fld.1763