• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.169-175
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• 2001

A synthetic juvenoid, R394 (Ethyl 9-cyclohexyl-3, 7-dimethyl-2, 4-nonadienoate) which is known to be a strong pest control agent was administered to silkworm, Bombyx mori L. in minute quantity for improving the silk yield. Based on the result of an earlier preliminary screening, three concentrations of the compound, viz., 0.1563, 0.3125, 31.25 nl/ml were prepared in the form of an emulsion and administered topically as a single dose, to separate batches of $5^{th}$ instar silkworm at 24, 48, 72 and 96 hrs to determine the required concentration and critical time of application for an economically favourable response. Two popular commercial silkworm hybrids, PM ${\times}$ NB4D2 (multivoltine${\times}$bivoltine) and KA${\times}$NB4D2 (bivoltine$\times$bivoltine) were subjected to the experiment. The medium and absolute control were maintained in parallel to compare the results. The results showed that 0.3125 nl/ml was the best concentration of the compound and 72 hrs of $5^{th}$instar was the most favourable age for its administration to get the maximum improvement in the commercial traits. The possible role of exogenous juvenoids in eliciting favourable response in silkworm which ultimately leads to improvement in the commercial traits is discussed.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.441-454
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• 2021

Fungal diseases including anthracnose, stem rot, blight, wilting, and root rot of crops are caused by phytopathogens such as Colletotrichum species, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Phytophthora species, and Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani which threaten the production of chili pepper. In this study, to identify biological control agents (BCAs) of phytopathogenic fungi, potentially useful Bacillus species were isolated from the field soils. We screened out five Bacillus strains with antagonistic capacity that are efficiently inhibiting the growth of phytopathogenic fungi. Bacillus species were characterized by the production of extracellular enzymes, siderophores, and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Furthermore, the influence of bacterial strains on the plant growth promoting activity and seedling vigor index were assessed using Brassica juncea as a model plant. Inoculation with Bacillus subtilis SRCM 121379 significantly increased the length of B. juncea shoots and roots by 45.6% and 52.0%, respectively. Among the bacterial isolates, Bacillus subtilis SRCM 121379 showed the superior enzyme activities, antagonistic capacity and plant growth promoting effects. Based on the experimental results, Bacillus subtilis SRCM 121379 (GenBank accession no. NR027552) was finally selected as a BCA candidate.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.113-119
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• 2022

SU-Eohyeol pharmacopuncture(SUEP) was developed by adding Cervi Pantotrichum Cornu to Jungsongouhyul pharmacopuncture. This genotoxicity evaluation was performed to evaluate the mutagenic potential of the test substance SUEP agent using histidine, which requires strains of Salmonella typhimurium (TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537), and tryptophan, which requires Escherichia coli (WP2uvrA) strain in the presence and absence of metabolic activation. According to the results of the dose range finding study conducted prior to the main study, the dose levels of the test substance in the main study were determined as 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25%, and positive and negative controls were established. As a result of the main study, the mean number of revertant colonies compared to negative controls was less than 2-fold at all dose levels of SUEP in all strains with and without metabolic activation. In the positive control group, the mean number of revertant colonies for each strain was markedly increased by more than two times compared to the negative control group. Based on the result of this study, the test substance, SUEP did not show any indication of mutagenic potential under the conditions of this study.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.345-369
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• 2022

Infectious disease emergency hospitals are usually temporarily built during the pneumonia epidemic with higher requirements regarding diagnosis and treatment efficiency, hygiene and safety, and infection control.This study aims to identify how the Building Information Modeling (BIM) + Industrialized Building System (IBS) approach could rapidly deliver an infectious disease hospital and develop site epidemic spreading algorithms. Coronavirus-19 pneumonia construction site spreading algorithm model mind map and block diagram of the construction site epidemic spreading algorithm model were developed. BIM+IBS approach could maximize the repetition of reinforced components and reduce the number of particular components. Huoshenshan Hospital adopted IBS and BIM in the construction, which reduced the workload of on-site operations and avoided later rectification. BIM+IBS integrated information on building materials, building planning, building participants, and construction machinery, and realized construction visualization control and parametric design. The delivery of Huoshenshan Hospital was during the most critical period of the Coronavirus-19 pneumonia epidemic. The development of a construction site epidemic spreading algorithm provided theoretical and numerical support for prevention. The agent-based analysis on hospital evacuation observed "arched" congestion formed at the evacuation exit, indicating behavioral blindness caused by fear in emergencies.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.203-214
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• 2021

This study aimed at establishing a packaging standardization method that allows the maintenance of biological control agents product quality during delivery. First, based on the results of distribution status analysis of biological control agent products from four manufacturers, we confirmed that the mean temperature was maintained at 25.6℃ (minimum and maximum temperatures.: 18.1 and 30.7℃, respectively) inside the packaging box of each company for 36-48 h. To establish the optimal packaging method for each season, seven external temperature conditions were set ranging between 0℃ and 30℃ at intervals of 5℃. In addition, we evaluated internal temperature maintenance performance for each coolant pack handling method and determined 14 packaging combinations. A packaging combination that maintained a temperature of 3℃ - 9.9℃ at each external temperature conditions was considered efficient. This temperature range is close to a lower developmental threshold at which the biological control agents can survive with minimum energy for 12 h (direct delivery time), or 36-48 h (general delivery time) after packaging.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.600-613
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• 2023

Fusarium oxysporum is the main pathogen causing Fusarium basal rot in onion (Allium cepa L.), which incurs significant yield losses before and after harvest. Among management strategies, biological control is an environmentally safe and sustainable alternative to chemical control. In this study, we isolated and screened bacteria for antifungal activity against the basal rot pathogen F. oxysporum. Isolates 23-045, 23-046, 23-052, 23-055, and 23-056 significantly inhibited F. oxysporum mycelial growth and conidial germination. Isolates 23-045, 23-046, 23-052, and 23-056 suppressed the development of Fusarium basal rot in both onion seedlings and bulbs in pot and spray inoculation assays. Isolate 23-055 was effective in onion seedlings but exhibited weak inhibitory effect on onion bulbs. Based on analyses of the 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequences together with morphological analysis, isolates 23-045, 23-046, 23-052, and 23-055 were identified as Bacillus thuringiensis, and isolate 23-056 as Bacillus toyonensis. All five bacterial isolates exhibited cellulolytic, proteolytic, and phosphate-solubilizing activity, which may contribute to their antagonistic activity against onion basal rot disease. Taken together B. thuringiensis 23-045, 23-046, 23-052, and 23-055 and B. toyonensis 23-056 have potential for the biological control of Fusarium basal rot in onion.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.155-167
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• 2004

At this time, the two main techniques for achieving web personalization assistant systems generally concern direct manipulation and software agents. While both direct manipulation and software agents are intended for permitting user to complete tasks rapidly, efficiently, and easily, their methodologies are different. The central debate involving these web personalization techniques originates from the amount of control that each allows to, or holds back from, the users. Direct manipulation can provide users with comprehensibel, predictable and controllable user interfaces that give them a feeling of accomplishnent and responsibility. On the other hand, the intelligent software components, the agents, can assist users with artificial intelligence by monitoring or retrieving personal histories or behaviors. In this empirical study, two web personalization assistant systems are evaluated. One of them, WebPersonalizer, is an agent based user personalization tool; the other, AntWorld, is a collaborative recommendation tool which provides direct manipulation interfaces. Through this empirical study, we have focused on two different paradigms as web personalization assistant systems : direct manipulation and software agents. Each approach has its own advantages and disadvantages. We also provide the experimental result that is worth referring for developers of electronic commerce system and suggest the methodologies for conveniently retrieving necessary information based on their personal needs.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.191-195
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• 2018

In this study, the influence of microporous structures of activated carbon fibers (ACFs) on dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) gas sensing properties as a nerve agent simulant was investigated. The pore structure was given to carbon fibers by chemical activation process, and an electrode was fabricated for gas sensors by using these fibers. The PAN based ACF electrode, which is an N-type semiconductor, received electrons from a reducing gas such as DMMP, and then electrical resistance of its electrode finally decreased because of the reduced density of electron holes. The sensitivity of the fabricated DMMP gas sensor increased from 1.7% to 5.1% as the micropore volume increased. It is attributed that as micropores were formed for adsorbing DMMP whose molecular size was 0.57 nm, electron transfer between DMMP and ACF was facilitated. In conclusion, it is considered that the appropriate pore structure control of ACFs plays an important role in fabricating the DMMP gas sensor with a high sensitivity.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.389-395
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• 2009

To develop the carrier of hydrophobic antifungal agents based on low molecular weight water-soluble chitosan (LMWSC), LMWSC was chemically modified with deoxycholic acid (DA) which is one of the bile acid as a hydrophobic group. The nanoparticles (WSCDA) using DA conjugated LMWSC were characterized using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmittance electron microscope (TEM). The particle size of WSCDA ranged from 250 to 350 nm and increased with the number of DA substitution. The loaded itraconazole as an antifungal agent WSCDA nanoparticles (WSCDA-ITCN) were prepared by solvent evaporation method. The drug content and the loading efficiency were investigated approximately $9{\sim}10%$ and $61{\sim}68%$ by UV spectrophotometer, respectively. The release of drug from nanoparticles was slow and showed sustained release characteristics. Based on the results of release study that the higher DA contents in WSCDA, the slower the releasing rate, the WSCDA-ITCN could be used as an excellent antifungal agent.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.37-50
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• 2024

In indoor disaster scenarios such as fires or gas leak, prompt rescue operations are essential to minimize expected casualties. This paper proposes a simulation model that applies the concept of Manned-Unmanned Teaming (MUM-T) for effective search and rescue in indoor fires. To this end, we first identify appropriate agents to model search and rescue operations. The proposed agent-based simulation consists of a fire and map model, an occupant model, a drone model for occupants searching, a rescuer model for searching and rescuing occupants, and a control center model that assigns missions to drones and rescuers. The agent models identified according to the MUM-T concept interact with other agents during the fire response simulation. Simulation experiments were conducted for search and rescue operations in three scenarios, one consisting of only rescuers and two with mixed rescuers and drones for MUM-T. The simulation results indicated that a drone applied to MUM-T could replace an average of four rescuers. The simulation method proposed in this study is expected to improve the efficiency of search and rescue operations in indoor disaster situations and minimizing the loss of life.