• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.145-153
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• 2022

Background: While online orthopedic resources are becoming an increasingly popular avenue for patient education, videos on YouTube are not subject to peer review. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the quality of YouTube videos for patient education in ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries of the elbow. Methods: A search of keywords for UCL injury was conducted through the YouTube search engine. Each video was categorized by source and content. Video quality, reliability, and accuracy were assessed by two independent raters using five metrics: (1) Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria (range 0-4) for video reliability; (2) modified DISCERN score (range 1-5) for video reliability; (3) Global Quality Score (GQS; range 1-5) for video quality; (4) ulnar collateral ligament-specific score (UCL-SS; range 0-16), a novel score for comprehensiveness of health information presented; and (5) accuracy score (AS; range 1-3) for accuracy. Results: Video content was comprised predominantly of disease-specific information (52%) and surgical technique (33%). The most common video sources were physician (42%) and commercial (23%). The mean JAMA score, modified DISCERN score, GQS, UCL-SS, and AS were 1.8, 2.4, 1.9, 5.3, and 2.7 respectively. Conclusions: Overall, YouTube is not a reliable or high-quality source for patients seeking information regarding UCL injuries, especially with videos uploaded by non-physician sources. The multiplicity of low quality, low reliability, and irrelevant videos can create a cumbersome and even inaccurate learning experience for patients.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.45-65
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• 2022

YouTube videos of public institutions are digital public records that need to be managed and preserved. As such, the video and the metadata describing the video should also be preserved. This study aims to select the key metadata elements necessary for archiving videos published on YouTube by public institutions. To this end, five high-level areas, namely the description, structure, management, preservation, and user participation, and the metadata elements of 10 subareas, were designed by referring to NAK 8, PREMIS, ISAD(G), and YouTube metadata. Afterward, the metadata elements designed by 14 experts were verified. Lastly, the validity and reliability of the evaluation results were verified. Of the 63 elements, 33 satisfied the validity and reliability criteria. Thus, these elements were selected as the core metadata for archiving YouTube videos in public institutions.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.273-284
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• 2022

YouTube usage continues to increase, and the age group who spends the most time on YouTube is surveyed in the teens. It is practically impossible to prevent children and young people from being exposed to harmful content, so nurturing the ability to choose and use YouTube content in a healthy way can be a fundamental solution. Therefore, in this study, we tried to identify what YouTube literacy is for the digital native generation, and to prepare standards to be considered in common. The purpose of this study is to refine the definition of YouTube literacy competency and to develop a checklist that can be used when guiding and guiding children and adolescents to use the YouTube platform. To this end, a conceptual definition and checklist were developed by conducting prior research and overseas case analysis, and validity was secured through expert and educator reviews. The finally developed checklist includes 4 categories, 10 areas, and 23 criteria: media access, critical understanding, media participation, and ethical use.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.217-223
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• 2023

There has been an increase in the viewing of YouTube content among children and adolescents. This, coupled with the popularity of live-streamed video content such as mukbang, where viewers watch the host eat, has raised concerns about media addiction and the indiscriminate imitation of eating behavior. Therefore, there is a need for guidance on the appropriate behavior for viewing YouTube food content to promote healthy eating habits among children. In this study, we aimed to compare the patterns of the main caregivers and their children while viewing media and investigate the impact of viewing YouTube food content on the physical and mental health of the children. The findings suggest that active YouTube food content viewing by the main caregivers may reduce imitative behaviors due to passive media consumption by their children. This study provides valuable insights by comparing and analyzing the YouTube content viewing of the main caregivers and their children. The results can be used as a basis for the development of lifestyle-centered guidelines for children. However, it is important to note that this study was conducted during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic when there was a significant increase in the use of media, which is limitation of the study.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.189-202
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• 2024

It is not the water veins themselves that are distributed on Earth that are harmful, but the water vein waves generated from the water veins are harmful to human health. The natural frequency of the Earth is 7.83 Hz, but in order to sleep deeply, you must go down to a delta wave of 2 to 3.99 Hz, which is lower than this frequency, to achieve the deepest sleep and maintain your health. However, if you sleep in a place with dowsing waves, the dowsing waves interfere with your brain waves, making it difficult to sleep well, and you may have nightmares. Even when you wake up, your body is not refreshed and your fatigue does not go away, so you feel tired and tired easily. If this phenomenon continues, the body's resistance decreases and immunity weakens, which can eventually cause illness and cause various diseases, which can harm one's health. In other words, the safest and most effective way to deal with water veins is to avoid places with water veins and simply change your sleeping position to a place without water veins, and you can live a healthy and happy life through examples.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.167-174
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• 2020

The social statistic was used to top 250 Korean and Japanese YouTube channels based on the number of subscribers examine its channel type (private/corporations/others), distribution of contents and private YouTube channels' date of registration. The channel examination was also used to provide practical hint to create new Youtube contents. According to the statistics, Korean channels were mainly managed by K-Culture related companies for the promotional purpose, whereas Japanese channels were mainly managed by individuals with a variety of contents. It is presumed that Japanese individuals have been engaged in creating individual video content since the early period through video uploading platforms other than YouTube such as Niconico Douga. Since the expansion of the YouTube market will continue, it is important not only to reinforce corporations' marketing on YouTube but also to promote the uniqueness and the diversity of YouTube content for the individuals to improve the economical, sentimental, and informational contents in order to create socially effective personal contents that can be competitive in the global market.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.159-172
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• 2020

Social networking services (SNS) are developing significantly with the Internet and smartphones. It's a friendly social media, but if you think deeply about it, you'll find that it has a variety of faces. It is a communication tool between users, a medium for delivering information, an infrastructure for providing applications, and a community where people with common interests gather. In recent years, business tools, shopping and payment methods are also being swallowed. The influence of the spread of SNS on the real world is also expanding, and the work being dealt with from a sociological perspective is also increasing. Also, if you pay attention to the technical aspects of SNS, it is composed of various technical elements, such as infrastructure that handles large-scale access, user interface that supports comfortable use, and big data analysis to understand people's behavior more deeply. However, I usually use it as usual. However, if you look through SNS, you can see that the situation is surprisingly profound and multifaceted. This study began by looking at the history and current status of SNS and attempted to find its status through comparison with other media. From the point of view of relationship with society, it can be a risk and legal issue when using SNS, such as crimes using bad social media or social media. It is also necessary to comment on the activities on SNS or the guidelines established by the operators. Therefore, various legal issues on SNS will be discussed. Also, as an example of using SNS, I will introduce an example of using SNS in disaster response. From a more technical point of view, you will receive commentary on SNS's network-based technology and SNS's information use, and these articles will help you understand and use SNS safely and help you further utilize or develop SNS.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.187-217
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• 2021

This study investigated the perceptions of librarians about Podcast and YouTube services in libraries. The study was designed by applying the Extended Technology Acceptance Model. Librarian's personal, organizational, and social awareness of library Podcast or YouTube services and the degree of understanding of users and their needs on services were mediated by perceived usefulness or ease of services= and influenced to having intentions and providing the services. First, we investigated the types of Podcast and YouTueb services provided by 39 libraries in Korea. Also, we collected data using an online survey method from 181 librarians and conducted hierarchical multiple regression analysis. Findings showed that libraries are using Podcast and YouTube appropriately considering features and functions of media, mainly for library event information/promotion, library programs, book recommendations, and author (librarian) lectures or interviews. Organizational or social awareness of librarians, i.e., library educational support, human resource supports, librarian recognition, job-related features, and understanding of user perceptions and needs, influenced the intention to provide library services. Also, there was a difference in perceived usefulness and ease of services between librarians who provided Podcast and YouTube services and those who did not. We expect that findings could be used as references to understand and support various aspects of librarians in charge of developing and providing Podcast or YouTube services in libraries.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.118-128
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• 2021

In this study, as the viewing characteristics of users of YouTube video content related to science education, 'Inflow and Access' is analyzed to find out the interaction between learners and the system, and 'Reaction and Subscription' to find out the interaction between learners and contents. To this end, the YouTube channel "Elementary Science TV," was selected as the subject of research. The channel is mainly focused on the contents of elementary science textbooks, STEAM, and gifted education. The channel's data of YouTube studio was analyzed. The following results were obtained through data analysis: first, as a result of 'Inflow and Access' analysis, YouTube video content related to science education was most often introduced through external links, and the access device was mainly a computer. Second, as a result of the analysis of 'Reaction and Subscription,' 'like' and commenting performed as a reaction to the video were less than 1% of the number of views. Most users watch without a subscription, and watch for longer when using self-directed. Although this study was analyzed through a limited channel called 'Elementary Science TV,' we were able to discover a little about the users' viewing characteristics of YouTube video contents related to science education. In the future, it is expected that it can be used as a basic material for creating videos related to science education for remote classes, establishing a science education video platform.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.277-307
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• 2021

This study aims to understand the current status of science-related channels on YouTube provided by government-funded research institutes and investigate user experiences and behaviors of using the services. We examined the number of subscribers, view counts, and video contents of 26 YouTube channels from the government-funded research institutes. We also designed a user study with the uses and gratifications theory and conducted a semi-structured interview. By grouping videos into five categories: Public Relations, Lectures, Entertainment, Vlogs, and Q&A, most videos were about research projects or institutional promotions. User motivation for using the YouTube channel was to acquire scientific knowledge and information. Users thought that YouTube channels could provide reliable information and satisfy their intellectual curiosity. But they criticized that most videos were uninteresting, and the lack of promotions of the channels made others hesitant to sign up and watch. Findings from this study could help fully understand the current status of the government-funded research institute's YouTube channel and be used as resources for the government's planning and development of various YouTube services.