• 경영과정보연구
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2018

본 연구는 국내 영업사원 375명을 대상으로 직무만족, 조직몰입, 성취욕구가 영업사원의 영업성과에 미치는 영향을 실증 분석 하였다. 또한 각 요인 간 직접효과를 포함해 조직몰입과 성취욕구의 매개효과를 분석하였다. 분석결과 영업사원의 직무만족은 조직몰입과 영업성과에 유의미한 정(＋)의 영향을 갖는 것으로 나타났으며, 조직몰입은 성취욕구에 유의미한 영향을 갖는 것으로 분석되었다. 하지만 조직몰입은 영업성과에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 성취욕구는 영업성과에 유의미한 정(＋)의 영향을 보였으며, 조직몰입 및 영업성과를 매개하는 것으로 분석되었다. 조직몰입은 직무만족과 영업성과에 대해 매개효과를 보이지 않았으며, 직무만족과 성취욕구에 대해 매개효과를 갖는 것으로 분석되었다. 본 연구에서 제시한 시사점은 첫째, 본 연구에서는 기존의 연구결과에서 검증된 내용을 포함해 직무만족, 조직몰입, 성취욕구 및 영업성과에 대한 통합적이고, 세부적인 분석을 수행했다는 것이다. 둘째, 이를 통해 영업사원의 직무만족 및 성취욕구가 영업성과에 중요한 요인임을 밝혔으며, 단순한 조직 몰입 보다는 영업현장에서 영업사원의 직무에 대한 만족 및 성취욕구가 함께 병행되어야 함을 실증연구 결과를 통해 제시하였다. 셋째, 기존의 연구에서 성취욕구는 조직몰입의 선행변수로 작용하여 높은 성취욕구는 조직의 몰입을 높인다는 연구결과가 존재한다. 본 연구는 이와 같은 연구결과에 더해 조직몰입 또한 성취욕구의 선행변수로 작용하여 높은 조직몰입은 성취욕구를 높인다는 것을 실증하였다. 종합해보면, 성취욕구와 조직몰입은 상호 영향력을 갖는 요인으로 영업사원의 성과에 유의미한 영향을 갖는다.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.481-487
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 유기계 소재의 폴리우레탄 스펀지를 무기계 바인더 용액에 함침시킴으로써 유무기 하이브리드 구조의 흡음재를 개발하였다. 무기계 바인더 용액은 ${\alpha}$형 반수석고에 60%의 물과 경화 지연제, 유동화제, 아크릴 수지 등의 혼화 재료를 첨가하여 슬러리 용액으로 제조하였으며, 무기계 바인더 용액에 함침시킨 유기계 스펀지를 함침, 가압탈수, 건조시킴으로서 특성평가용 시료를 제작하였다. 개발 시료의 흡음률을 임피던스 관내법을 이용하여 시험 평가한 결과, NRC 흡음계수 값은 0.41로 기존에 시판되고 있는 흡음재들과 비교하여 2배 이상으로 우수한 흡음성능을 나타냈으며, 불연성능 시험평가 결과 준불연재료(2급) 기준을 만족함을 확인하였다. 또한 건축 내장재로서의 기초 시험평가 및 EL248. 규격에 따른 유해성분 시험평가를 통해 본 연구에서 개발한 유무기 하이브리드 소재가 흡음재뿐만 아니라 단열 및 보온재로서의 역할이 가능하며, 유해성 기준을 만족하는 친환경 건축소재로 활용 가능함을 확인하였다.

• 에너지공학
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.159-169
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 함산소기재 중 MTBE를 휘발유에 첨가하여 산소함량(0, 1.0, 2.3 및 2.7 wt %)의 변화에 따라 MPI 및 GDi 차량에서 배출되는 유해한 배출가스와 연비를 분석하였다. 국내 및 미국의 연비시험방법인 FTP-75 mode와 HWFET mode를 적용하였다. CO, NMHC, NOx 배출량은 산소함량의 변화에 따라 미미한 차이는 있었지만 상관관계는 없었다. FTP-75 mode에서 CO2 배출량은 산소함량의 변화에 따라 증감의 경향성은 없었다. 하지만 차량이 예열된 상태이고 고속 운전영역이 포함된 FTP-75 mode의 phase-3와 HWFET mode에서는 산소를 함유한 연료의 CO2 배출량이 적었다. 입자개수 배출량은 산소함량과 음의 상관관계를 보였으며 산소함량 2.3 wt %에서 가장 적었다. 카본발란스법에 의해 계산된 연비는 산소를 함유한 연료가 높았으며 2.3 wt %에서 가장 높았다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.112-128
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• 2003

Since areas of pain and dysfunction of musculoskeletal typically suffered by the patients with back disorders spread all over the body, WBIP(GCM Program) for the primary treatment and management is required. The purpose of this study is to analyze if WBIP(GCM Program) based on the hyper/hypomobility pattern of Four Body Types can identify the effective treatment of back disorders and the effect on the postural balanced restoration of the spine and extremities. Non-specific back disorder is still a major reason for sick leave. And moreover, its been reported that there was often recurrence to the patients whose symptom had been diminished. As a WBIP(GCM Program) based on kinematic chain patterns of Four Body Types, this study gave a new information on the effective diagnosis, treatment and management of non-specific back disorders. 337 patients above the twenty-five years old with the non-specific back disorders at the hospital and oriental medical clinics at Kyungnam and Busan areas in South Korea from August 24th, 2000 to Feb 23rd, 2001 have randomly been assigned to four experimental groups such as Whole Body Intervention Program Group, Physical Therapy Group like modality treatments, Acupuncture-Treatment Group, and Placebo Control Group. According to intervention program applied to the each four group for three times per week(twelve times per 4weeks), as the time-series methods, we compared and evaluated the body status of the pretest with that of post treatment completion of four week, three month, and six month, respectively. As the analytical method of measurement, our researchers used the Moire Interferometry Unit and Postural Kit that could measure the postural balance of spine and extremities. The collection of data was performed in the designated hospital and oriental medical clinics. For the analysis of the data, the SPSS 10.0 package program was used. X2-test has been taken in order to compare and analyze characteristics and GPES of the patients in four experimental groups. Repeated Measure ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test has been adopted in order to compare the effects of the balanced restoration of the spine and extremities among four Groups categorized for this study. Statistical significance was accepted at the 0.05 level of confidence The effect of the balanced restoration on the spine and extremities of the patients with non-specific back disorders has been proved in all of the Groups. As for the restoration degree, however, WBIP(GCM Program) Group produced the highest effectiveness in terms of the fact that it had a dense moire in comparison with the other three Groups and that the Moires of both sides had the same level by the time(p<0.01). WBIP(GCM Program) based on four tilting types of scapular and ilium and hyper/hypomobility pattern took a higher effect on the balanced restoration of the spine and extremities through a whole body as well as the treatment of back disorders than the other three Groups which the usual remedy without classification of body type had been applied to.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.547-556
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• 2007

The release, sampling and analytical methods have been developed and tested for perfluorocarbons (PFCs) atmospheric tracers in order to gain insight into the atmospheric transport and dispersion over the urban conditions of Seoul, Korea. Although PFCs tracer experiments provide unique opportunities to test local and urban scale of transport and dispersion, no previous experiment with PFCs has been conducted in Korea. PMCH and PDCH were chosen as targeted tracers in our study due to their extreme low ambient concentrations and great sensitivities among various PFCs. For PFCs release system, a set of micro-metering pump, electronic balance, vaporizing furnace and high speed blower was constructed for precise and accurate release of tracers. The precision of released rate by this system was estimated to be 1%. Samplings of PFCs were carried out by fabricated portable air samplers with micro pumps and rotameters into glass tubes packed with 150 mg of Carboxen-569. The uncertainty of these sampling system was maintained below 14%. PMCH and PDCH were quantified in GC/ECD with preconditioned injection system to eliminate the interference compounds using traps and subsequent catalytic conversion system prior to column separation. Three intensive field test were undertaken during the springtime of 2002 to 2004 in eastern part of Seoul. Daily background samples were collected to characterize the background levels of PMCH and PDCH prior to their release. The observed background concentrations of PMCH ranged from 3.5 to 10.1 fL/L and varied randomly in location and time in this study. Its mean and standard variation of background concentration ($6.8{\pm}1.9\;fL/L$) are higher than those ($3.2{\sim}5.8\;fL/L$) of other historic tracer studies. Identified uncertainty for background PMCH was $1.7{\sim}2.0\;fL/L$ using this analytical system. Combined relative uncertainty in determining the tracer's concentrations was estimated as 17%. However, its background concentrations and uncertainty in concentration determination were found to be low and stable enough for tracer study.

• 감성과학
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.19-30
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• 2015

본 연구는 라벤더 향과 레몬 향을 포함하는 방향성 의류소재에 힐링효과가 있는지 알아보고자 신체 반응인 자율신경계 반응을 평가하였다. 이를 위해 라벤더와 레몬향의 마이크로캡슐과 수성 아크릴 바인더를 사용하여 면직물에 코팅처리 하여 각각 2%, 5%의 농도로 처리 된 라벤더와 레몬향의 방향성 의류소재 총 4종을 만들었다. 심전도, 피부전도수준, 혈류량의 실험 참여자는 10명 이었으며, 안정 상태에서 30초, 스트레스 상태 (working memory task) 30초, 향 자극 상태(방향성 섬유를 비벼 향을 나게 한 후) 30초를 측정하였다. 그리고 주관적 감성 평가도 함께 실시하였다. 데이터를 분석하기 위해 표준화를 해주었으며, 표준화 값에 대하여 안정 상태와 자극 상태의 생리신호 차이와, 스트레스 상태와 자극 상태의 생리신호 차이를 알아보기 위해 비모수검정 Friedman 검증을 통해 그 경향을 분석 하였다. 자율신경 발란스 지수(LF/HF)는 스트레스 유발 후 향 자극 상태와 유의한 차이가 있어 사후검증 하였다. 그 결과 레몬 5%의 향 자극은 라벤더 2%, 라벤더 5%, 레몬 2%의 향 자극과 유의한 차이가 있었다. 스트레스 유발 후 레몬 5%의 향 자극은 스트레스를 증가 시켰으나 라벤더 2%, 라벤더 5%, 레몬 2%의 향 자극은 심리적 안정을 유발하여 스트레스를 감소시켰으며 본 논문에서 힐링효과를 나타냈다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.5132-5142
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• 2015

본 연구는 뇌졸중 환자를 대상으로 지지 면에 따른 양측 상지 운동이 상지 기능의 개선을 알아보고자 하였다. 연구기간은 2012년 7월 5일부터 8월 1일 까지 이다. 대상자는 뇌졸중 환자 20명을 무작위로 두 그룹으로 나누어 움직이는 지지 면 군(10명), 고정된 지지 면 군(10명)으로 실시하였다. 움직이는 지지 면 군은 발란스 볼에 앉아 양측 상지 운동을, 고정된 지지 면 군은 고정된 의자에 앉아 양측 상지 운동을 4주간 주5회 30분 적용하였다. 실험 전과 후에는 상지 기능의 변화를 비교하기 위해 상지 기능 검사(Manual Functional Test: MFT)와 상지 운동 기능 평가(Fugl-Meyer Motor Function Assessment: FMA)로 측정하였고 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 첫째, 움직이는 지지 면 군과 고정된 지지 면 군의 각 실험 전, 후 상지 기능은 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 둘째, 실험 전, 후 두 군 간의 차이를 비교한 결과 상지 기능에 통계학적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 이상의 결과로 보아 움직이는 지지 면에서의 양측 상지 운동이 뇌졸중 환자의 상지 기능 개선에 효과적임을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.83-97
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• 2008

Objectives : We investigated the effects of distilled Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture on autonomic nervous system with the Heart Rate Variability(HRV) in adult man. as well as we tried to observe how distilled Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture on the balance of the autonomic nervous system. Methods : We investigated on 58 healthy volunteers consisted of 28 subjects in experiment(distilled Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture) group and 30 subjects in control(Normal Saline) group. Study form was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. 28 subjects in experiment group were injected distilled Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture at $GB_{21}$(Kyonjong) and 30 subjects in control group were injected Normal Saline at $G_{21}$(Kyonjong). except of 2 subjects(in control group) who can't be measured and 6 subjects(2 in experiment group and 4 in control group) who move or make unforceable error during measuring. Finally 26 subject in experiment group and 24 subject in control group are studied. We measured HRV by PolyG-I on 7 times : before and after injection per 5 minutes during 30 minutes. The SPSS 10.0 for windows was used to analyze the data and the paired t-test(in group) and Student t-test(between two groups) were used to verify the result. Results : 1. After distilled Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture injection, Mean HRV is significantly low only for first 5 minute, SDNN is significantly high after 5 minute, Complexity is significantly low only from 20 minute to 25 minute. HRV index is significantly high for first 5minute and from 10 minute to after 10 minute. 2. HRV index of distilled Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture Group significantly increased from 25 minute to 30 minute, and pNN50 of Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture Group significantly decreased from 20 minute to 30 minute compared with those of Normal Saline group. 3. After distilled Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture injection, Ln(TP) and Ln(VLF) are significantly high after injection. Normalized LF is significantly high from 5 minute to 20 minute and from 25 minute and 30 minute. Normalized HF is significantly low from 5minute to 20 minute and from 25 minute and 30 minute. 4. Ln(TP) and Ln(VLF) of distilled Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture Group significantly increased from 20 minute to 25 minute compared with those of Normal Saline group. Conclusions : The results suggest that Rehmannia glutinosa Herbal Acupuncture in healthy adult man tend to activate the autonomic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system compared to Normal Saline within normal range.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.101-112
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• 2000

The aim of this study is to compared the cerebral palsy children with normal children in the exercise and cardio vascular ability after this study as the fundamental data fer mating programs for the cerebral palsy children. The test of this study is about twenty girls, the control group of the normal children(n=10) and the experiment group of cerebral palsy children(n=10). They were studied in four aspects which were the anthropometry, the medical check in the rest, the physical fitness or exercise roads test and the change of the target heart rate during exercise. The result were as follows : 1. The characteristic of the physical type : The control group is higher than the experiment group in the standing height and the body weight but their's little difference between them (p<0.05). The control group is lower than the experiment group in the body fat. 2. The characteristic of the medical check in the rest : The control group is higher than the experiment group in the vital capacity and flood expiratoryvolume one second. The control group is higher that the experiment group in the blood pressure of systolic and Diastolic. There's little difference between them(p<0.01). The control is lower than the experiment group in the heart pulse rate. There's little difference between them(p<0.005). 3. The characteristic of basic physical strength evaluation : The experiment group is the lowest dynamic muscular endurance, balance, agility and endurance which need to move the body with weight. The control group is much higher than the experiment group in the flexibility and muscle strength(Back strength). There's no difference between them(p<0.05). 4. The characteristics of the exercise stress last : The control group is higher than the experiment group in the endurance, the maximum of oxygen intake, endurance level and the out take of calory. There's little difference between them(p<0.01). 5. The characteristic of the change of the target heart rate during exercise : The control group is lower than the experiment group exchange of target heart rate, There's no difference them.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to compare GRF characteristics during walking wearing jogging and roller shoes. Twelve male middle school students (age: $15.0{\pm}0.0\;yrs$, height: $173.6{\pm}5.0\;cm$, weight: $587.6{\pm}89.3\;N$) who have no known musculoskeletal disorders were recruited as the subjects. Kinematic data from six S-VHS camcorders(Panasonic AG456, 60 fields/s) and GRF data from two force platform; (AMII OR6-5) were collected while subjects walked wearing roller and jogging shoes in random order at a speed of 1.1 m/s. An event sync unit with a bright LED light was used to synchronize the video and GRF recordings. GRF data were filtered using a 20 Hz low pass Butterworth. digital filter and further normalized to the subject's body weight. For each trial being analyzed, five critical instants and four phases were identified from the recording. Temporal parameters, GRFs, displacement of center of pressure (DCP), and loading and decay rates were determined for each trial. For each dependent variable, paired t-test was performed to test if significant difference existed between shoe conditions (p <.05). Vertical GRFs at heel contact increased and braking forces at the end of initial double limb stance reduced significantly when going from jogging shoe to roller shoe condition. Robbins and Waked (1997) reported that balance and vertical GRF are closely related It seems that the ankle and knee joints are locked in an awkward fashion at the heel contact to compensate for the imbalance. The DCP in the antero-posterior direction for the roller shoe condition was significantly less than the corresponding value for the jogging shoe condition. Because the subjects tried to keep their upper body weight in front of the hip to prevent falling backward, the DCP for the roller shoe condition was restricted The results indicate that walking with roller shoes had little effect on temporal parameters, and loading and decay rates. It seems that there are differences in GRF characteristics between roller shoe and jogging shoe conditions. The differences in GRF pattern may be caused primarily by the altered position of ankle, knee, and center of mass throughout the walking cycle. Future studies should examine muscle activation patterns and joint kinematics during walking with roller shoes.