• Title/Summary/Keyword: X-vector

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Frame Rate Up-Conversion Considering The Direction and Magnitude of Identical Motion Vectors (동일한 움직임 벡터들의 방향과 크기를 고려한 프레임율 증가기법)

  • Park, Jonggeun;Jeong, Jechang
    • Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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    • v.20 no.6
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    • pp.880-887
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    • 2015
  • In this paper, frame rate up conversion (FRUC) algorithm considering the direction and magnitude of identical motion vectors is proposed. extended bilateral motion estimation (EBME) has higher complexity than bilateral motion estimation (BME). By using average magnitude of motion vector with x and y direction respectively, dynamic frame and static frame are decided. We reduce complexity to decide EBME. also, After we compare the direction and magnitude of identical motion vectors, We reduce complexity to decide motion vector smoothing(MVS). Experimental results show that this proposed algorithm has fast computation and better peak singnal to noise ratio(PSNR) results compared with EBME.

Implementation of a Feature Extraction Chip for High Speed OCR (고속 문자 인식을 위한 특정 추출용 칩의 구현)

  • 김형구;강선미;김덕진
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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    • v.31B no.6
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    • pp.104-110
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    • 1994
  • We proposed a high speed feature extraction algorithm and developed a feature vector extraction chip for high speed character recognition. It is hard to implement a high speed OCR by software alone with statistical method . Thus, the whole recognition process is divided into functional steps, then pipeline processed so that high speed processing is possible with temporal parallelism of the steps. In this paper we discuss the feature extraction step of the functional steps. To extract feature vector, a character image is normalized to 40$\times$40 pixels. Then, it is divided into 5$\times$5 subregions and 4x4 subregions to construct 41 overlapped subregions(10x10 pixels). It requires to execute more than 500 commands to extract a feature vector of a subregion by software. The proposed algorithm, however, requires only 10 cycles since it can extract a feature vector of a columm of subregion in one cycle with array structure. Thus, it is possible to process 12.000 characters per second with the proposed algorithm. The chip is implemented using EPLD and the effectiveness is proved by developing an OCR using it.

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Implementation and Performance Evaluation of Vector based Rasterization Algorithm using a Many-Core Processor (매니코어 프로세서를 이용한 벡터 기반 래스터화 알고리즘 구현 및 성능평가)

  • Shon, Dong-Koo;Kim, Jong-Myon
    • IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.87-93
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    • 2013
  • In this paper, we implemented and evaluated the performance of a vector-based rasterization algorithm of 3D graphics using a SIMD-based many-core processor that consists of 4,096 processing elements. In addition, we compared the performance and efficiency of the rasterization algorithm using the many-core processor and commercial GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) system which consists of 7 GPUs and each of which have 512 cores. Experimental results showed that the SIMD-based many-core processor outperforms the commercial GPU system in terms of execution time (3.13x speedup), energy efficiency (17.5x better), and area efficiency (13.3x better). These results demonstrate that the SIMD-based many-core processor has potential as an embedded mobile processor.

Optimal Weights for a Vector of Independent Poisson Random Variables

  • Kim, Joo-Hwan
    • Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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    • v.9 no.3
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    • pp.765-774
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    • 2002
  • Suppose one is given a vector X of a finite set of quantities $X_i$ which are independent Poisson random variables. A null hypothesis $H_0$ about E(X) is to be tested against an alternative hypothesis $H_1$. A quantity $\sum\limits_{i}w_ix_i$ is to be computed and used for the test. The optimal values of $W_i$ are calculated for three cases: (1) signal to noise ratio is used in the test, (2) normal approximations with unequal variances to the Poisson distributions are used in the test, and (3) the Poisson distribution itself is used. The above three cases are considered to the situations that are without background noise and with background noise. A comparison is made of the optimal values of $W_i$ in the three cases for both situations.

Expression of Intracellular Single Chain Antibody Specific to Hepatitis B Virus X Protein (B형 간염 바이러스의 X단백질에 대한 특이항체의 세포 내 발현)

  • Jin, Young Hee;Kim, Hyung-il;Park, Sun
    • IMMUNE NETWORK
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.23-28
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    • 2003
  • Background: Intracellular antibody specific to hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) might be useful for studying the role of HBx in hepatocellular carcinogenesis and HBV replication. Methods: With variable region genes for H7 monoclonal anti-HBx Ab, we constructed a vector for bacterial expression of single chain Ab (scFv) and a vector for eukaryotic cell expression of it. The expression of H7 scFv and its binding activity against HBx was examined by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence microscopy. Results: H7 scFv expressed in bacterial cells retained reactivity to HBx. We demonstrated its intracytoplasmic expression in CosM6 eukaryotic cells. Conclusion: This is the first study showing the expression of intracellular anti-HBx Ab in eukaryotic cells. H7 scFv may be a good tool to study the function of HBx in HBV infection.

BOUNDED CONVERGENCE THEOREMS

  • Niemiec, Piotr
    • Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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    • v.54 no.1
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    • pp.319-357
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    • 2017
  • There are presented certain results on extending continuous linear operators defined on spaces of E-valued continuous functions (defined on a compact Hausdorff space X) to linear operators defined on spaces of E-valued measurable functions in a way such that uniformly bounded sequences of functions that converge pointwise in the weak (or norm) topology of E are sent to sequences that converge in the weak, norm or weak* topology of the target space. As an application, a new description of uniform closures of convex subsets of C(X, E) is given. Also new and strong results on integral representations of continuous linear operators defined on C(X, E) are presented. A new classes of vector measures are introduced and various bounded convergence theorems for them are proved.

SHARP Lp→Lr ESTIMATES OF RESTRICTED AVERAGING OPERATORS OVER CURVES ON PLANES IN FINITE FIELDS

  • Koh, Doowon
    • Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.251-259
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    • 2015
  • Let $\mathbb{F}^d_q$ be a d-dimensional vector space over a finite field $\mathbb{F}^d_q$ with q elements. We endow the space $\mathbb{F}^d_q$ with a normalized counting measure dx. Let ${\sigma}$ be a normalized surface measure on an algebraic variety V contained in the space ($\mathbb{F}^d_q$, dx). We define the restricted averaging operator AV by $A_Vf(X)=f*{\sigma}(x)$ for $x{\in}V$, where $f:(\mathbb{F}^d_q,dx){\rightarrow}\mathbb{C}$: In this paper, we initially investigate $L^p{\rightarrow}L^r$ estimates of the restricted averaging operator AV. As a main result, we obtain the optimal results on this problem in the case when the varieties V are any nondegenerate algebraic curves in two dimensional vector spaces over finite fields. The Fourier restriction estimates for curves on $\mathbb{F}^2_q$ play a crucial role in proving our results.

STRUCTURE JACOBI OPERATORS OF SEMI-INVARINAT SUBMANIFOLDS IN A COMPLEX SPACE FORM II

  • Ki, U-Hang;Kim, Soo Jin
    • East Asian mathematical journal
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.43-63
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    • 2022
  • Let M be a semi-invariant submanifold of codimension 3 with almost contact metric structure (φ, ξ, η, g) in a complex space form Mn+1(c). We denote by Rξ the structure Jacobi operator with respect to the structure vector field ξ and by ${\bar{r}}$ the scalar curvature of M. Suppose that Rξ is φ∇ξξ-parallel and at the same time the third fundamental form t satisfies dt(X, Y) = 2θg(φX, Y) for a scalar θ(≠ 2c) and any vector fields X and Y on M. In this paper, we prove that if it satisfies Rξφ = φRξ, then M is a Hopf hypersurface of type (A) in Mn+1(c) provided that ${\bar{r}-2(n-1)c}$ ≤ 0.

Modified multi-sense skip-gram using weighted context and x-means (가중 문맥벡터와 X-means 방법을 이용한 변형 다의어스킵그램)

  • Jeong, Hyunwoo;Lee, Eun Ryung
    • The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.389-399
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    • 2021
  • In recent years, word embedding has been a popular field of natural language processing research and a skip-gram has become one successful word embedding method. It assigns a word embedding vector to each word using contexts, which provides an effective way to analyze text data. However, due to the limitation of vector space model, primary word embedding methods assume that every word only have a single meaning. As one faces multi-sense words, that is, words with more than one meaning, in reality, Neelakantan (2014) proposed a multi-sense skip-gram (MSSG) to find embedding vectors corresponding to the each senses of a multi-sense word using a clustering method. In this paper, we propose a modified method of the MSSG to improve statistical accuracy. Moreover, we propose a data-adaptive choice of the number of clusters, that is, the number of meanings for a multi-sense word. Some numerical evidence is given by conducting real data-based simulations.

FUNCTIONAL EQUATIONS IN THREE VARIABLES

  • Boo, Deok-Hoon;Park, Chun-Gil;Wee, Hee-Jung
    • Journal of the Chungcheong Mathematical Society
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.169-190
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    • 2004
  • Let r, s be nonzero real numbers. Let X, Y be vector spaces. It is shown that if a mapping f : $X{\rightarrow}Y$ satisfies f(0) = 0, and $$sf(\frac{x+y{\pm}z}{r})+f(x)+f(y){\pm}f(z)=sf(\frac{x+y}{r})+sf(\frac{y{\pm}z}{r})+sf(\frac{x{\pm}z}{r})$$, or $$sf(\frac{x+y{\pm}y}{r})+f(x)+f(y){\pm}f(z)=f(x+y)+f(y{\pm}z)+f(x{\pm}z)$$ for all x, y, $z{\in}X$, then there exist an additive mapping A : $X{\rightarrow}Y$ and a quadratic mapping Q : $X{\rightarrow}Y$ such that f(x) = A(x) + Q(x) for all $x{\in}X$. Furthermore, we prove the Cauchy-Rassias stability of the functional equations as given above.

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