• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.11-30
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• 2017

In addition to recession, world shipping companies are undergoing restructuring due to excess of "World Container Cargo volume" per "World Containership capacity" (in TEU terms). This excess is attributed to the absence of standard index of calculating the "World Containership capacity" (in TEU terms) for "World Container Cargo volume." The purpose of this study is to develop indices and terms: "World Containership capacity (in TEU terms) Standards Index; WCSI" and "World Containership capacity (in TEU terms) Expected Index; WCEI." The comparison between "WCSI" and "WCEI" made in this study is presented below. WCSI (Average voyage 9.3) > WCEI Excess shipping (in TEU terms) WCSI (Average voyage 9.3) = WCEI Optimum shipping (in TEU terms) WCSI (Average voyage 9.3) < WCEI Short shipping (in TEU terms) WCSI=HRCI $1000{\pm}150$ Value approx. The study shows that it is possible to predict "optimal supply of the world's containership capacity" (in TEU terms), "excess or shortage of shipping" (in TEU terms), "order time of container-ship capacity building" (in TEU terms), "order quantity of containership capacity" (in TEU terms), and "stable of World Shipping Companies" by "WCSI" and "WCEI." The development of "WCSI" and "WCEI" aim to help overcome the crisis of recession by establishing effective business strategies for world shipping companies and their supporting companies.

• The Southeast Asian review
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.249-286
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• 2011

This study examines the nature of the world order or the international relations of the 19th century Vietnam. Those who are familiar with the Chinese world order based on the tributary system, have applied the quasi-Chinese world order concept to Vietnam by the terms of 'smaller dragon,' 'little China,' and 'Chinese model.' According to this way of understanding, Vietnamese empire was the imitation or the small sized version of the Chinese empire. Examples are to label Vietnamese emperor as the "Southeast Asian version of the Chinese emperor" or "an absolute photocopy of the Chinese world order." But the author of this article raises questions to this framework of the Chinese Model, and looks for the Vietnamese own world order based on the Southeast Asian tradition. Two issues are discussed in this study. First is the Vietnamese relationships with Southeast Asia. According to author, the first concern of Vietnam in relation to diplomatic relations was to the Mainland Southeast Asian countries. To clarify the contacts with Southeast Asia and Western powers, Vietnamese relationships with the regions of Island Southeast Asian countries were also examined. Second issue is to see the ways how Vietnam maintained its own world order in the course of wars and diplomacy with China. Author argues that the world order of the 19th century Vietnam was closer to the traditional world order of mandala in the Southeast Asia than to the quasi Chinese world order. The relationships among the countries were rather equal than hierarchical. Vietnam regarded the countries of Southeast Asia especially Thailand and Burma as the equal countries. China was one of the equal countries to the eyes of Vietnamese leaders and Vietnam did not have enough room to embody the quasi Chinese world order though the Vietnamese rulers used the titles of emperor, which was the Vietnamese version of Southeast Asian 'king.' In conclusion, the world order of Vietnam is summarized into the two facets of $l{\hat{a}}n$ giao(diplomatic relations with neighbors) and bang giao(diplomatic relations between two countries i.e. Vietnam and China). $l{\hat{a}}n$ giao was to the countries of Southeast Asia while the bang giao was the term and concept for the diplomatic relationship with China. These two relationships composed Vietnamese foreign relationship, ngo?i giao. Author claims that these two relations were based on the spirit of equality that emerged from the beginning of the 19th century.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.277-296
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• 2017

More than 95% of imports and exports in the World are being transported by vessels. In other words, marine transportation accounts for a large portion of share in the world trade. The purpose of this study is to analyze factors of seaborne trade volume according to items affecting on the world economy. This study conducted a linear regression analysis between seaborne trade volume and the world economy (world GDP) to estimate the correlation between them. Panel data analysis and random effects model analysis have been applied to examine the effect of seaborne trade volume. For this study, the seaborne trade volume is categorized into 10 items, and estimated how much global GDP will be affected when the trade volume changes. In addition, the granger causality test was conducted to verify the relationship between seaborne trade volume and the world GDP. As a result, seaborne trade volume and the world GDP were mutually influenced each other. However, seaborne trade volume affects the world economy more significantly. The items affecting world economic growth include petroleum products, crude oil, chemical products, and so on. The estimated value of the coefficients of petroleum products, crude oil and chemical products were 1.014, 1.013 and 1.010, respectively. The estimated value 1.014 of petroleum products means that the growth rate is 1.014 times higher than the current world GDP growth rate when the seaborne trade volume of petroleum products increased by one unit Lastly, this study examines the seaborne trade volume of 10 categories and then verifies whether the growth rate of world GDP will increase when the volume of seaborne trade increased. This study is expected to provide policy-makers with useful information about formulating policies related to international trade.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.101-108
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to infer how is the effect of a governmental funding project to graduate schools by taking an example of World Class University Project's potential impact on the change of world university rankings in an international university ranking survey. Systematic results show that WCU contributes to improving academic peer reviews for both individual and institutional standings and discipline-based rankings. The potential effect of improving world rankings of participating universities could be ascribed to relatively higher weight of the survey to international peer review and invitation of world class scholars to the participating universities, which is a core device of the project. This implies a need to affirmatively utilize WCU foreign scholars over the course of facilitating international academic networking. The results should also be taken into consideration by universities and the government when developing evaluation systems and restructuring the project.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.61 no.9
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• pp.1-14
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to understand the relationship between one's social-self image and Online Avatar image. Influence of these virtual images on one's attitude toward real world and commitment to the virtual world was examined. In addition, the gender difference was examined. A structural equation model with social self image as exogenous variable and influence of Avatar as endogenous variable was designed. Real and ideal Avatar images were the mediating variable in the model. Survey questionnaire was developed and data from 425 respondents were analyzed. Results indicated that the conceptual model was a good fit to the data. Respondents who perceived their social self-images importantly were likely to have real images of Avatars. Ideal image and real image had significant on commitment to virtual world and attitudes toward the real world. For male respondents, social self image had stronger influence on real image of Avatar and ideal image had stronger influence on commitment to virtual world than female respondents.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.335-340
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• 2016

Hydrogen production through proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) is expeditiously receiving international attention for renewable energy sources as well as energy storage system applications due to its environmentally friendly uses. A series of $Ir_{0.2}Ru_{0.8}O_2$ $Ir_{0.5}Ru_{0.8}O_2$ & $IrO_2$ catalysts were synthesized and electrochemically evaluated by using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) technique. Furthermore, the PEMWE performances of full cells were evaluated by recording I-V Curves. The developed PEMWE stack was also operated in combination with a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) to demonstrate the discrete regenerative fuel cell (DRFC) performances. Produced hydrogen and oxygen from PEMWE were used as a fuel to operate PEMFC to establish a DRFC system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.27
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• pp.207-217
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• 1996

The purpose of this study were to find ethnic fashion's background in the late period of 20th century to compare the World ethnic with the Korean ethnic through content analysis and to identify Korean ethnic of the world fashion Eth-nic fashion started at orientalism by Poiret in the 1910s advancing to African ethnic & Hippy fe-ver in 1960s-70-s have emerged variously with ecology in 1980s-90s' fashion trend. The next the present research analyzed the world ethnic and the Korean ethnnic. The identified 517 fashion photograph from fashion magazines were categorized into two areas: the trend of ex-ternal growth and ethnic fashion's origins/designers wearable situation colors fabrics/pattern. The result were as follows :First eth-nic fashion's external growth of both the World ethnic and the Korean ethnic were incresed. Sec-ond in the ethnic fasions' origins/designers while the World ethnic were almost the same rate between Asian and European ethnic by many designers the Korean ethnic were limited to Asian ethnic Third in the ethnic fashion's wearable situation while the World ethnic were variously wearing the Korean ethnic were lim-ited to work of collection. Forth in the ethnic fashion's colors the Korean ethnic were limited to white color. Last in the ethnic fashions' fabrics/patterns If the Korean ethnic would become a world of ethnic would become a world of ethnic fashion it should be deviced practival abrics and modernized patterns.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.17-28
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• 2011

This study was conducted to analyze the status of the traditional medicines registered by the Chinese state as intangible cultural heritages, and of Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion registered by UNESCO as world intangible cultural heritages in 2010, in connection with the need to have Traditional Korean Medicine skills similarly registered as world intangible cultural heritage items. Since UNESCO's adoption of the Convention on the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritages in 2003, the Chinese government has pushed ahead with efforts to explore and protect intangible cultural heritage items and have them registered as world intangible cultural heritages. Thus, Benchaogangmu (本草綱目) and Huangdineijing (黃帝內經) were listed on UNESCO's Memory of the World Register while Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion were registered as world intangible cultural heritage properties. For Traditional Korean Medicine skills to be listed as world intangible cultural heritage properties, steps should be taken first to include the skills in the list of domestic intangible cultural heritage items and to make further explorations in the sector. Such efforts are also important in terms of the need to establish the legitimacy of Traditional Korean Medicines.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.1568-1575
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• 2021

Obesity and related metabolic diseases are major problems worldwide. Some probiotics are currently considered potential therapeutic strategies for obesity. We aimed to investigate the anti-obesity efficacy of Latilactobacillus sakei WIKIM31 in obese mice induced by a high fat diet. The administration of a high-fat diet with L. sakei WIKIM31 reduced body weight gain, epididymal fat mass, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in the blood, and remarkably decreased the expression of lipogenesis-related genes in the epididymal adipose tissue and liver. Interestingly, intake of L. sakei WIKIM31 improved gut barrier function by increasing the gene expression of tight junction proteins and suppressing the inflammatory responses. Additionally, L. sakei WIKIM31 enhanced the production of short-chain fatty acids, such as butyrate and propionate, in the intestinal tract. These results showed that L. sakei WIKIM31 can be used as a potential therapeutic probiotic for obesity.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 2016

The cyber world is organically alive. It continues to evolve as humans interact with it. Real life and virtual reality are directly or indirectly connected through technology at the network terminal. Branding, in the cyber world, is created by BI(Brand Identity), using designed symbols and logotype developed with digital technology. The objective of this study is to improve the brand value of enterprises and organizations through the use of moving images to adapt to the mobile environment in this rapidly changing cyber world. First, the basic concepts of brand identity, structure, and integrated brand identity were studied. Next, case studies of overseas enterprise branding such Swisscom, HP, BBC were analyzed examining their design concepts and implementation of integrated moving brands. Finally, moving brand identity is explored, for value enhancement, in my projects in ACM SIG CHI 2015, HCI Korea 2014, Aegis Ship 'Yulgok YiYi.' with a discussion of design planning and results. This treatise will contribute to the improvement of brand strategy and design in this country.