• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.194-197
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• 2013

We investigated the effect of etching time on the surface roughness, and electrical and optical properties of ZnO and 2 wt% Al-doped ZnO (AZO) films. The ZnO and AZO films were deposited on glass substrates by RF magnetron sputtering technique. The etching experiment was carried out using a solution of 5% HCl at room temperature. The surface roughness was characterized by Atomic Force Microscopy. The electrical property was measured by Hall measurement system and 4-point probe. The optical property was characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy. After the wet chemical etching, the surface textures were obtained on the surface of the ZnO and AZO films. With the increase of etching time, the surface roughness (RMS) of the films increased and the transmittance of the films was observed to decrease. For the AZO film, a low resistivity of $1.0{\times}10^{-3}\;{\Omega}{\cdot}cm$ was achieved even after the etching.

• 분석과학
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2003

고온 건식공정의 사용후핵연료 산화분말 ($U_3O_8$)과 경 중수로 연계 핵연료 제조공정의 $UO_2$ 소결체 물성 이해에 필요한 Oxygen/Metal 비를 습식 및 건식 분석방법으로 측정하였다. $UO_2$ 분말에 핵분열생성물 원소의 산화물을 일정량 첨가하고 $1,700^{\circ}C$의 수소분위기에서 소결시켜 20,000~60,000 MWd/MtU 연소도 범위의 사용후핵연료와 화학조성이 유사한 모의 사용후핵연료를 제조하였다. 습식법에 의한 O/M 비 측정을 위하여 혼합산 (10 M HCl : 8 M $HNO_3$, 2.5:1 V/V)에 의한 가압산분해법으로 모의 사용후핵연료를 용해하고 우라늄과 핵분열생성물 원소를 추출 크로마토그래피로 분리한 후 금속원소의 총량을 유도결합플라스마 원자방출분광분석법으로 결정하였다. 또한 $UO_2$가 산화될 때의 무게변화를 열중량 무게분석법 (thermogravimetric)으로 측정하여 O/M비를 계산하고 습식법으로 얻은 결과와 비교하였다. $Mo_{0.4}-Ru_{0.4}-Rh_{0.1}-Pd_{0.1}$ 합금이 O/M비 측정에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.353-358
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• 2008

AlGaInP 기반 수직형 적색 LED (Light Emitting Diode)의 광추출효율을 증가시키기 위하여 화학적 etching 기술을 이용하여 n-AlGaInP 표면에 삼각꼴 모양의 거칠기를 형성하였다. Etching은 $H_3PO_4$계의 용액을 이용하여 화학적 etching을 진행 하였다. AlGaInP etching은 광추출효율의 증가와 밀접한 관련을 갖고 있으며 AFM (Atomic Force Microscope)을 이용하여 AlGaInP 표면을 분석하여 약 44 nm의 RMS (root-mean-square) 거칠기가 형성됨을 알 수 있었다. 광추출효율은 기존 수직형 적색 LED보다 거칠기가 형성된 수직형 적색 LED에서 41%의 높은 발광 효율을 보임으로써 고효율 수직형 적색 LED의 가능성을 보였다.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.201-209
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• 2012

Membrane separation technologies have some of advantages are considered a better alternative to traditional methods. Research of novel membranes is very vital for covering the higher required of membrane in several purposes like water desalting technology. In this work polyamide-6/cellulose acetate (PA-6/CA) blend membrane was developed according to the wet phase inversion system. The structures of the prepared membranes were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM images showed uniform particles distribution in the prepared membranes. Moreover, SEM images revealed that the membranes have relatively uniform surface (PA-6/CA). PA-6/CA blend membranes systems are evaluated by using synthetic NaCl solution. The separation performance showed that salt rejection increased with increasing of heat treatment of the casted films and it was improved with increasing of operating pressure.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.133-141
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• 2005

This review presents the preparation, transport mechanism and application of molecularly imprinted membranes (MIM). Molecular imprinting has now been established as a technique which allows the creation of tailor-made binding sites for many classes of compounds. MIM have some advantages; a high capacity due to a large surface area, faster transport of substrate molecules and faster equilibrium of binding cavities compared to molecularly imprinted particles. MIM were prepared by covalent and non-covalent chemical bonding systems, by interactions between functional monomer and template. MIM can be prepared by in-situ polymerization, wet phase inversion, dry phase inversion, and surface imprinting method. MIM can continuously separate mixtures based on facilitated or retarded diffusion of the template. MIM can change their permeability in the presence of templates. MIM have a potential to be used to separate chiral compounds and materials with similar structures. However the application of MIM by the chemical industries is still in its infancy stages.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.304-307
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• 2013

Reverse engineering of semiconductor devices utilizes delayering processes, in order to identify how the interconnection lines are stacked over transistor gates. Cu metal has been used in recent fabrication technologies, and de-processes becomes more difficult with the shrinking device dimensions. In this article, reverse engineering technologies to reveal the Cu interconnection lines and Cu via-plugs embedded in dielectric layers are investigated. Stacked dielectric layers are removed by $CF_4$ plasma etching, then the exposed planar Cu metal lines and via-plugs are selectively delineated by wet chemical solution, instead of the commonly used plasma-based dry etch. As a result, we have been successful in extracting the layouts of multiple layers within a system IC, and this technique can be applicable to other logic IC, analog IC, and CMOS IC, etc.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2006년도 PAN PACIFIC CONFERENCE vol.1
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• pp.137-140
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• 2006

This paper describes a technique combining chemometrics with UV spectroscopy for the determination of the concentra tions of two tissue additives (i.e., wet strength and softening agents) in a cellulose fiber containing solution. In single as ent solutions, the concentration of the additive can be measured by UV spectroscopy at the wavelength where the species having absorption. For a binary (i.e., containing two additives) solution system, the spectral characterization is very complicated. However, if aided by a chemometrical calibration technique, each additive in the binary solution can be quantified simultaneously. The present method is very rapid and simple, it can easily perform a continuous measurement in the changes in the additives' concentration after fiber addition, and therefore this becomes a valuable tool for the adsorption kinetics study of chemical additives onto the cellulose fibers. The time-dependent adsorption behaviors of the wet-strength, softening agent, and their both on fiber were also presented.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2015년도 제49회 하계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.171.2-171.2
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• 2015

Nowadays, trivalent rare-earth ($RE^{3+}$) ions activated metal oxides have been proved to be excellent host materials due to their various applications. Facile wet-chemical technique have been considered as the best synthetic route due its intensive interest in the preparation of nanostructures. Europium ion doped lanthanum hydroxide ($La(OH)_3:Eu^{3+}$) phosphors were synthesized by the facile wet chemical method using the hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) as a mediated surfactant. The thermal behavior for the $La(OH)_3:Eu^{3+}$ phosphors was investigated by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis method. The morphological studies were measured by scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope measurements, indicating three-dimensional (3D) flower-like $La(OH)_3:Eu^{3+}$ nanorod bundles. After subsequent annealing process, the lanthanum oxide ($La_2O_3:Eu^{3+}$) phosphor exhibited similar kind of morphology. The synthesized $La(OH)_3:Eu^{3+}$ and $La_2O_3:Eu^{3+}$ samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Furthermore, photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence properties were studied in details.

• 청정기술
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2004

피혁 탈모 공정 폐수의 질소감소 및 황화물 감소, COD, BOD의 오염부하를 감소할수 있는 탈모공정 처리용 환경 친화적 피혁용 약품을 제조 하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 Hair saving 공정처리제는 Urea, Mercaptan을 기본 물질로 하는 Liming agent와 Unhairing assist 제품을 제조하였다. Hair saving 공정에 처리한 결과 기존의 Hair burning 방법에 비해 회수된 모의 양이 약 2배 정도 증가하였다. 혁의 품질 및 생산성 평가의 지표인 수율을 좌우하는 Grain상태, 수축현상(Drawing)이 개선이 가능하였다. Wet Blue 및 완성원단에서의 인장, 인열 등의 물성과 Softness및 Touch 등의 가죽 본래의 천연감도 증대되는 효과가 있었다. 또한, 탈모공정후 배출 배수에서의 COD, T-N 농도가 약 50% 이상 감소 가능한 것을 확인 가능하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.221-230
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• 2005

Catalytic wet oxidation of trichloroethylene (TCE) in water has been conducted using $TiO_2-supported$ cobalt oxides at $36^{\circ}C$ with a weight hourly space velocity of $7,500\;h^{-1}.\;5\%\;CoO_x/TiO_2$, prepared by using an incipient wetness technique, might be the most promising catalyst for the wet oxidation although it exhibited a transient behavior in time on-stream activity. Not only could the bare support be inactive for the wet decomposition reaction, but no TCE removal also occurred by the process of adsorption on $TiO_2$ surface. The catalytic activity was independent of all particle sizes used, thereby representing no mass transfer limitation in intraparticle diffusion. XPS spectra of both fresh and used Co surfaces gave different surface spectral features for each $CoO_x,\;Co\;2P_{3/2}$ binding energy for Co species in the fresh catalyst appeared at 781.3 eV, which is very similar to the chemical states of $CoTiO_x$ such as $CO_2TiO_4\;and\;CoTiO_3$. The used catalyst exhibited a 780.3-eV main peak with a satellite structure at 795.8 eV. Based on XPS spectra of reference Co compound, the TCE-exposed Co surfaces could be assigned to be in the form of mainly $Co_3O_4$. XRD patterns for $5\%\;CoO_x/TiO_2$ catalyst indicated that the phase structure of Co species in the catalyst even before reaction is quite comparable to the diffraction lines of external $Co_3O_4$ standard. A model structure of $CoO_x$ present predominantly on titania surfaces would be $Co_3O_4$, encapsulated in thin-film $CoTiO_x$ species consisting of $Co_2TiO_4$ and $CoTiO_3$, which may be active for the decomposition of TCE in a flow of water.