• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.15-29
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• 2001

This study was conducted to develop a prototype of adjustable desk and chair for students from elementary to high school. The development process started with identifying the problems of existing adjustable desks and chairs that are currently available in the market. The following fundamental design criteria were established and then applied to develop the prototype. The criterion of minimization of production cost yielding lower the market selling price was the most critically considered in view of the school furniture buyers' price-consciousness. Other design criteria used in this development were designing for stable and solid structure, requiring few motions and no tools to adjust, requiring the use of only one hand to adjust, unrestricting the adjustable interval, providing extra space for foot and knee area, reducing weight to move easily, and requiring not to move around for cleaning up floor. To evaluate the performance of the prototype, the adjustability of prototype was specifically compared with both dimensions suggested by KS G 2010(Korean Standards for desks and chairs for students) and current anthropometric dimension in terms of the flexible range of accommodation. Results of this study illustrate that the prototype developed in this study could be accommodated for the both dimensions. As a concluding mark, appropriate adjustable range for various grades and age groups were presented.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1574-1582
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• 2004

Binary manipulators have recently received much attention due to hyper-redundancy, light weight, good controllability and high reliability. The precise positioning of the manipulator end-effecter requires the use of many modules, which results in a high-dimensional workspace. When the workspace dimension is large, existing inverse kinematics methods such as the Ebert-Uphoff algorithm may require impractically large memory size in determining the binary positions of all actuators. To overcome this limitation, we propose a new inverse kinematics algorithm: the inverse kinematics problem is formulated as an optimization problem using real-valued design variables, The key procedure in this approach is to transform the integer-variable optimization problem to a real-variable optimization problem and to push the real-valued design variables as closely as possible to the permissible binary values. Since the actual optimization is performed in real-valued design variables, the design sensitivity becomes readily available, and the optimization method becomes extremely efficient. Because the proposed formulation is quite general, other design considerations such as operation power minimization can be easily considered.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.894-900
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• 2000

Optimization of chassis frame is performed according to the minimization of eleven responses representing one total frame weight, three natural frequencies and seven strength limits of chassis frame that are analyzed by using each response surface model from D-optimal design of experiments. After each response surface model is constructed form D-optimal design and random orthogonal array, the main effect and sensitivity analyses are successfully carried out by using this approximated regression model and the optimal solutions are obtained by using a nonlinear programming method. The response surface models and the optimization algorithms are used together to obtain the optimal design of chassis frame. The eleven-polynomial response surface models of the thirteen frame members (design factors) are constructed by using D-optimal Design and the multi-disciplinary design optimization is also performed by applying dual response analysis.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.142-147
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• 1998

Developing robot hands with multi-degree-of-freedom is one of the topics that researchers have recently begun to improve the limitation by adding flexibility and dexterity. In this study, an articulated servo-pneumatic robot hand system with direct-drive joints has been developed whose main feature is the minimization of the dimension. The servo-pneumatic system is advantageous to fabricate a dexterous robot hand system due to the high torque-to-weight and torque-to-volume ratio. This enables the design of a finger joint with an integrated rotary vane type actuator which produces high output torque without reduction gears, being very robust. In order to control the servo-pneumatic finger joints, a miniature proportional valve that can be attached to the robot hand is required. In this paper, a flapper nozzle type 4/3-way proportional directional valve has been designed and tested. The experimental results show that the developed valve can control a finger joint satisfactorily without much vibratory joint movements and acoustic noises.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.74-82
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• 2007

Interior permanent magnet synchronous motor(IPMSM) has become a popular choice in electric vehicle applications, due to their excellent power to weight ratio. This paper proposes efficiency optimization control of IPMSM drive using adaptive fuzzy learning control fuzzy neural network (AFLC-FNN) controller. In order to maximize the efficiency in such applications, this paper proposes the optimal control method of the armature current. The controllable electrical loss which consists of the copper loss and the iron loss can be minimized by the optimal control of the armature current. The minimization of loss is possible to realize efficiency optimization control for the proposed IPMSM. The optimal current can be decided according to the operating speed and the load conditions. This paper considers the design and implementation of novel technique of high performance speed control for IPMSM using AFLC-FNN controller. Also, this paper proposes speed control of IPMSM using AFLC-FNN and estimation of speed using ANN controller. The back propagation neural network technique is used to provide a real time adaptive estimation of the motor speed. The proposed control algorithm is applied to IPMSM drive system controlled AFLC-FNN controller, the operating characteristics controlled by efficiency optimization control are examined in detail.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2012

This paper presents the numerical simulation results of heat transfer and friction loss for a rotating two-pass duct with the airfoil-guide vanes in the turning region. The Kriging model is used as an optimization technique with Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes analysis of flow field and heat transfer with shear stress transport turbulent model. To improve the heat transfer performance, angle and location of the airfoil-guide vanes have been selected as design variables. The optimization problem has been defined as a minimization of the objective function, which is defined as a linear combination of heat transfer related term and friction loss related term with a weight factor. The airfoil-guide vanes in the turning region keep the high level of heat transfer while the friction loss has a low value. By comparing the presence or absence of airfoil-guide vanes, it is shown that the airfoil-guide vanes exhibited the best heat transfer performance to improve the blade cooling except the first passage.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2005년도 제25회 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.191-195
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• 2005

액체로켓 추진기관의 극저온 추진제는 추진제 탑재 및 지상운용, 발사과정에서의 밀도변화와 탑재시 설정된 공연비와 실제 연소 시 적용된 공연비의 차이를 고려하여 탑재되어야 한다. 연소 및 종단시 탱크에 남아있는 잔류 추진제의 양을 정확히 파악하고 최소화 하는 것은 발사체 전체 성능 및 신뢰성을 향상시키기 위해 매우 중요한 사항이다. 본 논문에서는 극저온 추진제인 액체산소의 탑재량 설정과 잔류추진제를 예측하는 절차와 기법을 제시한다. 충전, 대기, 선 가압, 비행의 전 단계에 걸쳐 액체 산소의 온도 변화에 따른 밀도변화를 예측하여 필요한 탑재량을 예측하였으며, 연소 시 설정 공연비와 실제 공연비에 차이에 대한 계측 방법 및 제어기법을 제시한다. 또한 제시된 절차 및 방법을 1단급 액체추진기관의 경우에 대하여 적용하여 추진제의 탑재량 및 잔류량을 계산하고 적절한 제어방안을 제시한다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.549-560
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• 1989

본 논문은 광대역 신호처리 DCMP 알고리즘에서 필터로서 동작하는 초기가중치의 설정 방법을 제안하였고 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통해 최적의 Tap 수를 결정하는 방법을 기술하였다. 광대역 비임 형성기를 FiR 필터 개념으로 분석하여 원하는 신호의 입사 방향에 대한 제한 조건을 얻었고 이 제한 조건으로 부터 적응 속도가 빠른 초기 가중치를 설정하였다. 본 논문에서 제안된 초기 가중치를 기존의 DCMP프로세서나 공간 영역 평균법을 수행하는 프로세서에 적용할 때 원하는 신호의 입사 방향과 일치하는 잡음 그리고 Cohenrent Noise를 반복 적용하는 과정에서 동시에 제거할 수 있음을 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션으로 확인 하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.645-652
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• 2000

A method for shape design sensitivity analysis is proposed utilizing commercial software ANSYS for thermal conduction problems. While the sensitivity formula is derived analytically by introduing adjoint variable concept, sensitivity calculation in practice as well as the primal and adjoint solution of thermal conduction is performed using the ANSYS very easily. Since the formula always takes boundary integral form, sensitivity evaluation in ANSYS requires a little more addition of post-processing routine which involves evaluation of boundary variable from the obtained solution. Though the BEM has been used as a better tool for this purpose, the present study shows it can also be calculated using any kind of analysis code such as ANSYS since the formula is based on analytic nature. Therefore the present study provides a new and efficient way of optimization which was not possible before using commercial software. The usefulness of the method is illustrated via a weight minimization problem of thermal diffuser.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.359-370
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• 2017

This study presents a particle swarm optimization algorithm integrated with weighted particle concept and improved fly-back technique. The rationale behind this integration is to utilize the affirmative properties of these new terms to improve the search capability of the standard particle swarm optimizer. Improved fly-back technique introduced in this study can be a proper alternative for widely used penalty functions to handle existing constraints. This technique emphasizes the role of the weighted particle on escaping from trapping into local optimum(s) by utilizing a recursive procedure. On the other hand, it guaranties the feasibility of the final solution by rejecting infeasible solutions throughout the optimization process. Additionally, in contrast with penalty method, the improved fly-back technique does not contain any adjustable terms, thus it does not inflict any extra ad hoc parameters to the main optimizer algorithm. The improved fly-back approach, as independent unit, can easily be integrated with other optimizers to handle the constraints. Consequently, to evaluate the performance of the proposed method on solving the truss weight minimization problems with discrete variables, several benchmark examples taken from the technical literature are examined using the presented method. The results obtained are comparatively reported through proper graphs and tables. Based on the results acquired in this study, it can be stated that the proposed method (integrated particle swarm optimizer, iPSO) is competitive with other metaheuristic algorithms in solving this class of truss optimization problems.