• Resources Recycling
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.58-67
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• 2009

The annual requirement of domestic waste photoresist stripper solution is about 1 trillion won level (50,000 tons) depends entirely on imports for its supplies. Nevertheless, there waste strippers which contain the impurities have been recycled or incinerated to a low level of recycle. These days the recycling technologies of the waste stripper solution has been widely studied from the view points of economy and efficiency. In this paper, the recycling technologies on patent of the waste stripper solution were analyzed. The range of search was limited within the open patents of USA (US), European Union (EP), Japan (JP), and Korea (KR) up to september, 2007. Patents have been collected using key-words searching and filtered by filtering criteria. The trends of the patents was analyzed by the years, countries, companies, and technologies.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.15 no.4 s.72
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• pp.60-63
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• 2006

Waste aluminum dross was leached with sulfuric acid to prepare alum used for water treatment product. The remained metallic aluminum in the waste aluminum dross was extracted into the solution to make aluminum sulfate solution. The solution could be used as alum for water treatment product after adjusting the required alumina concentration and the basicity. Comparing to the conventional method for alum using aluminum hydroxide, material cost could be saved in this method. Also, there is an additional merit in view of recycling of the waste aluminum dross by reducing the amount of waste dross to be landfilled.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.216-221
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• 2007

The adsorption characteristics of malachite green on waste garnet have been investigated for its treatment from aqueous solution by employing waste garnet which is generated from the abrasive production process as an adsorbent. The influential factors examined were the initial concentration of malachite green in solution, reaction temperature, and the amount of adsorbent. Also, the effect of the modification of the surface of adsorbent on adsorption was examined. As the initial malachite green was increased with reaction temperature and the color removal of malachite green-containing solution was promoted with the amount of adsorbent. Finaly, increased adsorption of malachite green could be attained when the surface of glass was modified by hexamethyldisilazane.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.59-70
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• 1995

The solution-state of a reclaimed waste would be known to the method in using an analysis for seepage. But it is not the best method in the huge landfill reclaimed all kinds of the waste at random. Especially in case of the landfill called the Nan Gi-do located along the Han-river, it is difficult to judge the generative seepage to be flowed in to the Han-river. So to plan the effective stabilization on a landfill, it is very useful survey method using the Landsat TM image. Operating a heat-distribution analysis with the Landsat TM image, in case of a landfill not having definite data, we would assume the reclaimed sections of the waste to judge a solution-speed late comparatively such as a industry waste or a harmful waste through the heat change.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.713-724
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• 2013

In terms of waste load allocation, inequality of waste load discharge must be considered as well as economic aspects such as minimization of waste load abatement. The inequality of waste load discharge between areas was calculated with Gini coefficient and was included as one of the objective functions of the multi-objective waste load allocation. In the past, multi-objective functions were usually weighted and then transformed into a single objective optimization problem. Recently, however, due to the difficulties of applying weighting factors, multi-objective genetic algorithms (GA) that require only one execution for optimization is being developed. This study analyzes multi-objective waste load allocation using NSGA-II-aJG that applies Pareto-dominance theory and it's adaptation of jumping gene. A sensitivity analysis was conducted for the parameters that have significant influence on the solution of multi-objective GA such as population size, crossover probability, mutation probability, length of chromosome, jumping gene probability. Among the five aforementioned parameters, mutation probability turned out to be the most sensitive parameter towards the objective function of minimization of waste load abatement. Spacing and maximum spread are indexes that show the distribution and range of optimum solution, and these two values were the optimum or near optimal values for the selected parameter values to minimize waste load abatement.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.35-39
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• 2008

This experimental study examines the applicability of polymer mortar permanent forms using a methyl methacrylate (MMA) solution of waste expanded polystyrene (EPS) to develop effective recycling processes for the EPS, referring to the flexural behavior of a polymer-impregnated mortar permanent form with almost the same performance as commercial products. An MMA solution of EPS is prepared by dissolving EPS in MMA, and unreinforced and steel fiber-reinforced polymer mortars are mixed using the EPS-MMA-based solution as a liquid resin or binder. Polymer mortar permanent forms (PMPFs) using the EPS-MMA-based polymer mortars without and with steel fiber and crimped wire cloth reinforcements and steel fiber-reinforced polymer-impregnated mortar permanent form (PIMPF) are prepared on trial, and tested for flexural behavior under four-point (third-point) loading. The EPS-MMAbased PMPFs are more ductile than the PIMPF, and have a high load-bearing capacity. Consequently, they can replace PIMPF in practical applications.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.24-28
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• 2005

Waste of the hydroponic solution from the plastic film house cultivation was recycled to grow the red pepper(Capsicum annum L.) in upland fields as supplement for plant nutrients and irrigation sources. Application of hydroponic waste solution increased the pH and EC of the soils, coupled with the increases in the concentrations of exchangeable cations(Ca, Mg, and K), total nitrogen, $NH_4-N,\;and\;NO_3-N$. Growth and yield of red pepper were highest when the treatment of chemical fertilizer(70%) was combined with hydroponic waste solution(30%). Amounts of the daily producing hydroponic waste solution were 2,880 L $ha^{-1}\;day^{-1}$ from the experimental facilities and this could irrigate $409.86m^2$ of area to compensate for the amount of water loss by evapotranspiration(3%). The overall results demonstrated that hydroponic waste solution could be recycled as plant nutrients and irrigation water resources for enhancing soil fertility and environmental quality.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.43-49
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• 2000

A laboratory experiments were performed to investigate the effects of several factors on the phosphorus removal by waste oyster shells. The waste oyster shells used in this experiments were crushed particle, calcined particle and extracted solution. A higher efficiencies of phosphorus removal were observed, when a particle size of crushed and calcined particle were smaller. The effluent concentration of phosphorus was around 1.6mg/ι in continuous column experiment which packed with crushed particle of waste oyster shell at the influent concentration of PO4-P of 10 mg/ι. But the clogging of column occurred with increasing of throughput volume of influent. The efficiency of phosphorus removal increased with increasing of dosage amount of crushed, calcined particle and extracted solution. When the calcined particle which contained only about 1/10~1/100 of crushed particle was used, the efficiency of phosphorus removal was correspondingly equivalent to the removal efficiency obtained from crushed particle. The efficiency of phosphorus removal by calcined particle after 9 runs repeated use was decreased about 21.5% as that of the first run. The removal efficiency of 100% could have been achieved at the HRT of 18 hours during the continuous treatment of phosphorus by the solution extracted from calcined particle.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.14 no.4 s.66
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• pp.34-40
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• 2005

Reusing of electroless Co-Cu-P waste solution was investigated in the respect of plating time, plating rate, solution composition and deposit. Plating time of cobalt-catalytic surface took longer than that of zincated-catalytic surface. It was possible to reuse the waste solution by mixing $50\%$ fresh solution at batch type. Plating time of initial solution at continuous type took longer 7.5 times over than that of batch type. Plating time of $50\%$ waste solution additive at continuous type took longer 2.5 times over than that of batch type. Component change of cobalt-topper for electroless deposition was greatly affected by deposit inferiority and rapid decrease in plating rate.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.40 no.10
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• pp.894-898
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• 2016

Solution plasma is a unique method which provides a direct discharge in solutions. It is one of the promising techniques for various applications including the synthesis of metallic/non-metallic nanomaterials, decomposition of organic compounds, and the removal of microorganism. In the context of nanomaterial syntheses, solution plasma has been utilized to produce carbon nanoparticles and metallic-carbon nanoparticle systems. The main purpose of this study was to synthesize nickel nanoparticles embedded in a matrix of carbon particles by solution plasma in one-step using waste vegetable oil as the carbon source. The experimental setup was done by simply connecting a bipolar pulsed power generator to nickel electrodes, which were submerged in the waste vegetable oil. Black powders of the nickel nanoparticles-embedded carbon (NiNPs/Carbon) particles were successfully obtained after discharging for 90 min. The morphology of the synthesized NiNPs/Carbon was investigated by a scanning electron microscope, which revealed a good dispersion of NiNPs in the carbon-particle matrix. The X-ray diffraction of NiNPs/Carbon clearly showed the co-existence of crystalline Ni nanostructures and amorphous carbon. The crystallite size of NiNPs (through the Ni (111) diffraction plane), as calculated by the Scherrer equation was found to be 64 nm. In addition, the catalytic activity of NiNPs/Carbon was evaluated by cyclic voltammetry in an acid solution. It was found that NiNPs/Carbon did not show a significant catalytic activity in the acid solution. Although this work might not be helpful in enhancing the activity of the fuel cell catalysts, it is expected to find application in other processes such as the CO conversion (by oxidation) and cyclization of organic compounds.