• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.24 no.5
• /
• pp.99-107
• /
• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze the change of visual stimulus of users to the space through the experiment of EEG and the satisfaction of users depends on the lighting. To do that, the results measured with EEG experiment focusing on Beta ${\beta}$ were compared to each other to figure out difference in the changes of the activation of human brain on lighting's situation as the lighting off and on in the same space. The difference in the results was verified according to the characteristic of users which classified with 4 types of the spatial sensitivities. The results of this study are as following. Firstly, the spacial sensitivity of user is to communicate well with the different senses with stimulus through interaction among the elements. At this time, the brain plays a major role in build the spacial sensitivity of users as the place to make form. Secondly, there are the differences in the activation of brain depends on lighting situation even in the same space. The stimulus into the brain became generally stronger in images with lighting on than off. Especially, the response in the occipital lobe which connected with the visual center turn out strongly in the image of 'modern natural'. Because the visual stimulus interact well with the bright color, the reflectional texture and the rough texture painted the dark color. Thirdly, the satisfaction of users changed with lighting in the space. But we could know that the satisfaction of users isn't be related to the visual stimulus through the results of this study. Finally, there isn't the difference in the activation degree of brain according to the characteristic which are preference of users into 4 types of the spatial sensitivity through the results came from ANCOVA(analysis of covariance) with SPSS Program 22.

• Development and Reproduction
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.91-99
• /
• 2023

The sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, is one of the most valuable aquatic species. The color of body wall and appearance are important for the value of sea cucumbers. To examine expression pattern of long-chain acyl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase (LCAD), nuclear distribution C-containing protein 3 (NUDCD3), and receptor tyrosine kinase Tie-1 (TIE1), previously reported as differently expressed genes during the pigmentation of sea cucumber, we analyzed the temporal profiles of LCAD, NUDCD3, and TIE1 mRNAs in LED-exposed and light-shielded A. japonicus. Real-time quantitative PCR revealed that the LCAD, NUDCD3, and TIE1 mRNAs from the juveniles at 40-60 days post-fertilization (dpf) exhibited increasing patterns as compared to those of an early developmental larva (6-dpf). At 60-dpf juveniles, the LCAD and TIE1 mRNA levels of LED-exposed individuals were higher than those of light-shielded ones, whereas at 40-dpf and 50-dpf juveniles, the NUDCD3 mRNA expression was higher in the light-shielded condition (p<0.05). In the pigmented juveniles (90-dpf), the LCAD and TIE1 mRNA levels tended to show higher levels in red individuals than those in green ones, but there was a conversely higher level of NUDCD3 mRNA in green larva. In situ examination of LCAD and NUDCD3 mRNAs in light-shielded 6-dpf larva revealed that both genes are mainly expressed in the internal organs compared to the body surface. Together, these results may provide insights into the differential gene expression of LCAD, NUDCD3, and TIE1 during pigmentation process of the sea cucumber.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.593-604
• /
• 2011

This study examines potential growth and different perspectives on green-walls, which are being re-evaluated recently. The aim is to identify the viewer preferences concerning the walls by collecting a wide spectrum of information to create an interior design related comprehensive and intellectual database. Also based on this proposition, choosing a green surface of indoor wall as a specific example stimulus, identifying a relationship betweeationsviewer's preference factors. The relationship will formulate detailed and absolute qualities, which will reach potential areas that the green walls can be widely applied in. As a result of a factor analysis, the viewers classified into the 3 factors as is pleasant, gorgeous and rich about the stimulus. Preferred key factors, which are closely related to emotional image language, were; cool, tidy, comfortable and beautiful. The common factors in preferred design stimulus, in order of importance are color>elements>image/form/plants. Specific levels of design factors according to relevance are contrast>furniture> modern>central/creeper foliage plants. In the meantime, this study is leading the process of quantitative measurement of green-walls to a new design direction and it is critical to consistently experimenting to back up the theory with solid evidence.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.130-145
• /
• 2006

Objectives : The aim of this work is the approaching of properties-flavours theory and the making of morphological standard in Artemisiae herba. Methods : The properties-flavours theory were attempted with bibliographic method and various climate-information. The external-internal morphological standards were determined by using stereoscope and butanol series. Conclusions : The following is a list the conclusion of the approaching of properties-flavours theory and how to make the standard of morphological standard in artemisiae herba. 1. The significant analysis for the artemisiae herba as the properties-flavours theory, is a follow-up survey of the effect written in the official oriental medicine book 2. The other analytic methods according to the gathering time, processing or storing system or especially nature or growth environment(altitude, temperature,. the mean moisture, and the agronomical survey) by way of the explanation of properties-flavours theory appears so many insufficiency at the many cases. 3. In the case of artemisiae herba., there are 2 cases(Artemisia capillaris $T_{HUNB}$ and A. iwayomogi $K_{ITAMURA}$) in current and recently A. aruwa L. is substituted for artemisiae herba in circulation. 4. The external and internal characteristics according to the shape of original plant or herbal states, entirely correspond to all the official oriental medicine boo 5. According to the place of productiot the difference appeals. (1) A. capillatis $T_{HUNB}$. has leaves like a fine thread, and A. iwayomogi $K_{ITAMURA}$ has big and wide leaves, and shows some reddish color, and A. aruwa L. has narrow leaves, its section lines long vertically. (2) In the internal shapes, as the A. capillatis $T_{HUNB}$. leaves', upper epidermal cell wall shows relatively straight form, its all upper- lower epidemical cell wall has a stoma, and calcium rosette crystal is relatively few. As iwayomogi $K_{ITAMURA}$, all upper- lower epidermal cell wall is wavelike concave, and hypodermics has many stoma and many calcium rosette crystal. (3) In the internal shapes of A. aruwa L. the shape of leaves' epidermal cell is irregular and has so many non-glandular hair nad glandular hair on its surface.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.191-198
• /
• 2009

UV-curable aliphatic epoxy acrylates were prepared by the reaction of glycerol diglycidyl ether (GDE) with 2-carboxyethyl acrylate (2-CEA) or 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA). The structures of the epoxy acrylates were characterized by FT-IR, $^1H$-NMR, and $^{13}C$-NMR and the yield was obtained by prep-LC. The UV- and the thermal-curing behaviors of the product were investigated using photo-DSC and DSC, respectively. The reactivity of 2-CEA was higher than 2-HEA and the yield of the product (GEA-C) which was prepared using 2-CEA was about 83%. The maximum UV-curing time ($T_{max}$) of the GEA-C contained non-reactive components and by-product was about 10 seconds. The GEA-C showed low color difference (${\Delta}E^*$), low viscosity, and good thermal stability - its value was 2.51, 192 cps, and $299^{\circ}C$ (at 5% weight loss), respectively. The activation energies ($E_a$) of thermal-curing reaction calculated from Kissinger and Ozawa-Flynn-Wall method were 91~92 kJ/mol.

• Conservation Science in Museum
• /
• v.4
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2003

The wooden striker on the Divine Bell of King Seongdeok was examined to identify the species of the wood and the outdoor wood weathering caused by solar light, moisture, temperature and air. The species of the wooden striker was identified to Zelkova serrata. When observed the striker with naked eyes, the results were surface discoloration (graying), cracking and roughness. In order to examine the morphological changes according to deterioration type, the specimen were separated to three part(I, II,III-spot). The I-spot was discolored to gray and at the same time entirely covered with dust. So the observation was impossible. The II-spot was also discolored but its texture could be observed. On it could observe numerous fungal hypae and dirts like dust flown into the cell lumens. The cell wall has been so weakened by weathering that it lost the physical intensity. This have made microchecks and splits on the cell wall. Although fungal hypae covered the cell, they did not result in wood decay. The III-spot, located just 0.5 mm below the surface, was maintaining the natural red-brown color of the wood. Its cell wall was similar to that of sound wood. These changes are different from wood decay, and limited only to the surface of the striker-less than or equal to 0.5 mm below.

• The Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.38-45
• /
• 1994

It is very imprtant and necessary to predict luminous enviroment in an interior space. This paper has de scribed about energy saving and evaluated interior visual environment in a office building having on/off turning control lighting system utilizing daylight. In order to predict the interior varior illumination distribution, the scale model w a m~a de and examined under various conditions, such ad difference of window glass, and color pattern of wall, floor, and also ceiling lighting system type. Ths paper suggests that basic fundamental data of lighting design ~rformancein the concept and schematic stages of design.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Power Electronics
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.121-128
• /
• 2002

A new high-efficient energy-recovery circuit is proposed to drive a plasma display panel (PDP) and compared with the conventional circuit. The proposed circuit uses only two inductors and no auxiliary circuit to recover the energy stored in the equivalent intrinsic capacitance of PDP. Therefore it features a simpler structure, less mass, lower cost of production, higher efficiency, and fewer power devices. The very stable and uniform light emitted from PDP proves the high quality of screen. It is suitable for wall-hanging color TVs. The proposed circuit, operating at 200kHz, is verified to be applicable on a 42-inch PDP by experimental results.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.182-192
• /
• 2014

Demands for geriatric hospital have increased in an era of rapidly aging population. Most of aged patients tend to stay in institutions for long terms. This means that the patient rooms of geriatric hospital should be given different considerations from those of normal hospital in designing interior features. They should be a homelike places for the aged patients and designed to take care of specific needs of the aged. However, most of geriatric hospitals are designed with little attention to such point. They appear almost same to normal ones. This study attempts to examine how users evaluate patients' rooms. The users are nurses, care-givers and family members of aged patients in six geriatric hospitals in Busan. They rated 12 features of patient rooms from 0 point to 100 points and described reasons why they rated in that way. Also, the walk-through was done for these six hospitals. 12 features are sizes of patient rooms, sizes and fixtures of bathrooms, sizes and locations of windows, bed layout, numbers and types of chairs, sizes and types of closet, lighting, color scheme, finishes of floor and wall, and interior design tone. Followings are findings : The users evaluated patients' rooms relatively positive. However, extra chairs for visitors, closet in patients rooms and storage in bathroom, and sizes of patients rooms and bathrooms were evaluated relatively negative.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.62-70
• /
• 2011

Fashion flagship store is to maximize brand's image, not for sales. As a value for consumption is changing into expression of individual styles and egos through brands' images based on their personalities rather than products, today, people are laying stress on expression of brands' personalities with spatial design of fashion flagship store to create differentiated brand images. This study was designed to examine brand personalities expressed in fashion flagship store's spatial design, and spatial components and ways of expression to influence them, and analyze how brand personality has an impact on brand loyalty. According to the results of this study, brand personality in fashion flagship store's space design of Louis Vuitton has three characteristics such as sincerity, vitality and tenacity, and display, pattern, furniture, color and wall have high influences on expression of its brand personality. Also, the higher brand personality got, the higher brand loyalty went up. These results imply that fashion flagship store's space design expressing differentiated brand personalities influences customers' brand loyalty to constantly use the brands, and thus is highly important for brand marketing of this day.