• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2009

Purpose: This study reports the basic reference data of the specific gait parameters for Korean normal adults. Methods: The basic gait parameters were extracted from 73 Adults (35 men and 38 women), 18 to 33 years of age, using a Vicon MX motion analysis system. The segment kinetics, such as joint moment and power, was analyzed at the hip, knee and ankle. Results: The motion patterns are typically associated with a specific phase of the gait cycle. The temporal-spatial gait parameters of Korean normal adults, such as cadence, walking speed, stride length, single support and double support, were similar to the other western reference data. The kinetic parameters of Korean normal adults, such as joint moments of force, joint mechanical power generation or absorption and ground reaction forces, were also similar to other western reference datasets. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that objective gait analysis can be used to document the gait patterns of normal healthy adults. The techniques of 3-dimensional temporal-spatial gait parameters and kinematic parameters analysis can provide a detailed biomechanical description of a normal and pathological gait.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2007

In this study, a prototype remote controlled weeder using solar module was developed and the evaluations of weeding, side walking and weeding performance were conducted to see if actual application was feasible in the paddy field. When traveling, the loss electric current was 8 to 15 A depending on operating and soil conditions. The average traveling speed was 0.25 m/s and the average slippage was 18%. When it side walked row by row, electric current consumption was 7 A on the average. When wheel rotors line went initially up and last down, electric current consumption was 12 to 15 A due to soil resistance. Electric current consumption when shifting wheel rotors line was less than 5 A due to no resistance. Field efficiency was 105 min/10a based on the test field. Operation was able to be done for 4.16 hours continually by 52 AH battery based on 300 W average maximum power consumption and 4.6 hours under sunny day considering solar module.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.102-114
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• 2000

The works of the Futurism were developed along with manifestos and statement in publishing. Futurist aesthetic and ideological agenda on futurist fashion displayed in manifestos on clothes. Futurist fashion propagated in consummate Futurist style through the written manifesto. The Futurists anticipated much of modern fashion phenomenon. In Futurist Men's Clothing, men's clothing is aggressive, agile, dynamic, simple and comfortable, hygienic, gay, luminous, volatile, asymmetric and variable. In Futurist Manifesto on Woman's Clothing, woman is now a principal agent of revolt, a walking synthesis of the audacious, performance-oriented aesthetic of the futurist universe. For Futurist woman's clothing they claimed ingenuity, daring, and economy. The Futurist Manifesto of Italian Hat was continued with their provocative style and radical ambition. Their innovation will rescue a lagging Italian expert and restore the Italian male to his former Iatin Vigor. Speed, dynamic, utility, and funtionality are the main characters. In Futurist Manifesto of Italian Cravat, Futurist cravat is called Anti-cravatta, which is anti-traditional style and made of unconventional materials. In general, the Futurist argued for clothes that promoted simple and functionality. These Futurist fashion project were invention of the new style, avant-garde style, in daily wear and were realized for the renewal of taste in clothing design as a modernizing factors.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.77-86
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• 2005

An investigation was conducted to evaluate both the time required and the time allowed for persons to cross streets. Currently, the local municipality uses a standardized formula to determine the time allotted for 'WALK' signals to function allowing pedestrian traffic to cross thoroughfares. The formula to determine the 'Theoretical Time(in seconds)' is the width of the street(in meter) divided by 1.2m/s. The basis of the denominator is 'normal' walking speed. Initially, 3 locations were chosen to evaluate the time between the appearance of the 'WALK' signal and the appearance of the 'DON'T WALK'. The interval between the two signals was assumed to allow a person to begin crossing the street at the appearance of the 'WALK' signal and terminate their crossing at the appearance of the 'DON'T WALK' signal. Of the 3 locations, 2 locations(elementary?middle schools and general hospital areas), the duration of the 'WALK' signal were not properly set and therefore need more time for those who use these cross walks. Specific details regarding the crossing locations and validity of the standardized formula were also presented and discussed.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.271-276
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• 2001

In this study, We endeavored to revaluate the effects of different types of clothing and colors on clothing microclimate in the subjects wearing sports wear at sunlight environment. This study was conducted 4 different kinds (cotton 100%) of clothing ensembles, that was W-1(long trousers and shirt of white color), B-1 (long trousers and shirt of black color), W-s (short trousers and shirt white color), B-s (short trousers and shirt black color) and were done in a climate chamber under sunlight ambient temperature ($33.67{\pm}1.8^{\circ}C$, $46.0{\pm}8.5%RH$) by three males subject who are in good healthy. Start a 20-min rest period, 20-min bouts of exercise and final 20-min recovery period were performed. The kinetic load was given for 20 minutes under the condition of 6.0 km/hr walking speed on the treadmill. The results is as followed In case of same type of garment, temperature within clothing which is based on difference of color the white ensemble keeps higher temperature than black one. According to distribution chart of temperature within clothing in case of chest, white one shows higher temperature than black one, in case of back, black one shows higher temperature than white one. Difference of heart rate was so clear and sequence is W-1>B-1>W-s>B-s, so we could find same tendency with temperature within clothing.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제8권11호
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• pp.954-962
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• 2002

In a park or street, we can see many people jogging or walking with their dogs tracking their masters. In this study, an entertainment robot that imitates a dog's behavior is created. The robot's task is tracking a moving target that is recognized as the master. In order to design the robot, the ecological approach. in which the robot's goals and surroundings heavily influence its design, is used. A three-wheel type locomotion system is designed as the robot's physical structure which can follow a human jogging in outdoor space like a park. A sensor system which can detect the position of a master for the robot in the outdoor space, is developed. This sensor system consists of a signal transmitter which is at the hand of a master and some sensors which are mounted on the robot. The transmitter emits RF(radio frequency) and ultrasonic signals and the sensors detect the direction and distance from the robot to the transmitter by using the received signals. For the control architecture of the robot, a purely reactive behavior-based method is used in order to increase speed of response. The developed robot is evaluated through experiments conducted in indoor and outdoor environments.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 2021

One of the most challenging issues when robots interact with the environment is to establish contact quickly and avoid high impact force at the same time. The proposed method implements the passive suspension system using the redundancy of the torque-controlled robot. Instead of utilizing the actual mechanical compliance, the distal joints near the end-effector are controlled to act as a virtual spring-damper system with low feedback gains. The proximal joints are precisely controlled to push the mid-link, which is defined as the boundary link between the proximal and distal joints, towards the environment with high feedback gains. Compared to the active compliance methods, the contact force measurements or estimates are not required for contact establishment and the control time delay problems do not occur correspondingly. The proposed method was applied to the landing foot control of the 12-DoF biped robot DYROS-RED in the simulations. In the results, the impact force during landing was significantly reduced at the same collision speed.

• 교육시설 논문지
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2018

To compare the physical quantity of students circulation along the moving path during recess of a variation type operation middle school, five points were actually observed. The flow coefficient for these points was calculated, and the change in flow coefficient was verified and tracked over time. During the operation of the classroom, the characteristics of crowdedness and congestion time depending on the physical conditions of the frequently moved paths were shown. Even in the same corridor, the difference between the flow coefficient and the congestion time of the corridor facing the open space and the blocked space was noticeably different. As a result, detailed factors such as free walking speed, the degree of freedom of passing and the possibility of collision were also identified. This means that detailed countermeasures for the student's path should be considered first when planning the moving space of a variation type school, and identifying the characteristics of these factors could be used as useful basic materials for developing various models of classroom space.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.743-753
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the effects of a community-based first and third Intergenerational Exchange Program (IGEP) on older adults' health-related quality of life (HRQoL), loneliness, depression, and walking speed, and on 4~5-year-old preschool children's learning-related social skills. Methods: This study employed a non-equivalent control group pre-post-test design. The experimental group included 42 older adults and 42 children who participated in the IGEP for 8 weeks, and the control group included 39 older adults. The experimental group participated in the IGEP once a week for 8 weeks. It comprised a traditional play program based on the intergroup contact theory. Results: Compared to the control group, there was a significant increase in scores on the HRQoL-Visual analogue scale (VAS) and a decrease in loneliness and depression in older adults in the experimental group (p<.05). Children who participated in the IGEP showed an improvement in their learning-related social skills (p<.001). Conclusion: These results confirm that the IGEP is an effective intervention to improve HRQoL-VAS, loneliness, and depression among older adults and learning-related social skills among preschool children in the community.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 2019

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare gait patterns of elementary school male students in higher grades according to their character styles. Method: 4 extroverted character male subjects (height: $141.35{\pm}7.75cm$, weight: $43.65{\pm}5.80kg$) and 4 introverted character male subjects (height: $145.38{\pm}8.94cm$, weight: $42.15{\pm}10.71kg$) participated in this study. Results: As for walk styles of elementary school male students in higher grades according to their character patterns, there was not significant differences in gait cycle, stride width, stride length and walking speed. According to examination of average ratio of maximum vertical ground reaction force according to their characters divided by weight, elementary school male students in higher grades with extroverted character showed 114.69% of weight and students with introverted character showed 122.82% of weight, which exhibited that students with introverted character had larger ratio as much as 8.13% than students with extroverted character. The statistical significance level was 0.000 showing significant difference. Conclusion: Our results indicated that male students in higher grades with introverted character press ground hard and walk with strong steps. On the other hand, male students with extroverted character walk with light steps.