• 철학연구
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• 제145권
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• pp.45-69
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• 2018

이 글은 포스트휴먼이 단순히 과학기술의 효과가 아니라 인문학의 이념에 의해 제약될 수밖에 없다는 관점에서 포스트휴먼시대의 인간다움을 성찰하는 한 가지 시도이다. 필자는 휴머니즘 또는 인간중심주의(anthropocentricism)의 시각에 갇힌 근대성을 넘어선 새로운 인간에 대한 물음이 두 가지 의미에서 비판적으로 제기되어야 한다고 본다. 첫째, 포스트휴먼은 근대의 계몽적 주체에 의해 억압된 타자인 신체, 감성, 자연, 여성의 목소리를 회복할 수 있는가? 둘째, 포스트휴먼은 인간의 본질이나 불변의 토대를 상정하지 않고 지금 이곳에서 비인간적인 것과 싸우면서 인간성을 보존할 수 있는가? 위 물음을 제기하는 과정에서 필자는 근대의 계몽적 휴머니즘의 파국을 각기 다른 경로를 따라 동시에 겪었던 하이데거(M. Heidegger, 1889-1976), 벤야민(W. Benjamin, 1892-1940), 아도르노(Th. W. Adorno, 1903-1969)와 대화를 시도한다. 세 철학자는 근대 휴머니즘과 기술문명이 초래한 비인간적 세계상황을 목도하면서 계몽적 주체의 타자인 예술과 예술작품으로부터 인간 이후의 인간의 가능성을 발견했다. 필자는 세 철학자가 주장한 새로운 인간상을 '끊임없이 탈존하는 인간'(하이데거/ 2장), '신경감응을 통해 타자와의 유사성을 회복한 인간'(벤야민/ 3장), '비인간적인 사회를 규정적으로 부정하는 인간'(아도르노, 4장)으로 특징짓고, 각각의 현재성을 검토할 것이다. 결론적으로 필자는 4차산업혁명 시대가 인간의 감각, 충동, 무의식에 이르기까지 세계 전체를 더욱더 촘촘히 관리하고 통제하는 디지털 자본주의의 시스템으로 전개되는 한, 포스트휴먼시대 인간다움의 필요조건이 '심미적 진정성'(${\ddot{a}}sthetische$ $Authentizit{\ddot{a}t$)이라고 주장할 것이다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.507-512
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• 2016

급변하는 현재에 미디어로 인해 변해가는 상황들에 대해 증강현실과 관련된 영상커뮤니케이션의 개념과 특징, 매체에 관하여 이론적 고찰을 시도한다. 증강현실은 무에서 유를 창조하는 것이 아니라 표현이 새로워지는 것이며, 이는 즉 인터페이스의 차이로 인한 커뮤니케이션의 구조를 변화 시키는 것이다. 이를 현재 직면하고 있는 뉴미디어 시대에 있어서 나타나는 새로운 커뮤니케이션 상황을 과거에 대한 연구로부터 현재의 이론적인 모방과 절충을 잘 접목시킨 철학자이자 미디어 이론가인 벤야민 (W.Benjamin), 마샬 맥루한 (M.McLuhan), 노르베르트 볼츠 (Norbert Bolz)와 장 보드리야르 (Jean Baudrillard) 이론으로 현재의 문화적 맥락 안에서 증강현실에 대해 고찰해 보는 것에 의의가 있다.

• 한국디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국디자인학회 1999년도 추계 학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.98-99
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• 1999

인류는 역사적으로 각 시대마다 그 사회에서 요구되는 형태의 예술을 개발하였고, 그 속에서 문화를 형성해 왔다. 예술작업은 벤야민(W. Benjamin)이 지적한 바와 같이, 물적(物的) 그리고 전시적(展示的) 사용을 위한 존재(存在) 필요성에 따른 사회적 동기로부터 시작된다.(중략)

• 건축역사연구
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2015

It is not easy to clarify the historical perspective of architect through his architecture. Exceptional cases, it will be the time to design a history museum. As an institution, a Museum already became an apparatus to represent the history to it itself. Libeskind's Jewish museum Berlin has been presented as the controversial case most of all. In particular, in that it instead of dealing with history positive, that contains a tragic history, this building is a building that history a unique interpretation of the architect has been a problem. Therefore, it is difficult to find a suitable example to Libeskind's Jewish museum in Berlin to try and look at the problem of the history of contemporary history and interpretation of the architect. In this paper, I am trying to interpret Libeskind's Jewish Museum Berlin through the aesthetics and history philosophy of Theodor Adorno and Walter Benjamin. They are Jewish and the central figures of the Frankfurt School, known as 'critical theorists'. Their critical theory was formed based on the experience of the Jewish genocide and war.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.483-486
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• 2020

Midline clefts of the upper lip are rare, and it is therefore important that surgeons have access to a methodical approach for when these presentations are encountered. We adapted principles of the anatomic subunit approximation for unilateral cleft lip, to the repair of midline clefts. The overt use of anatomic landmarks to define the repair results in a design that inherently adjusts to varying degrees of clefts and can accommodate asymmetries. The "measure twice, cut once" style is an advantage to new surgeons and to surgeons who seldom encounter this presentation. We describe the details of surgical repair in the context of a patient with Pai syndrome and associated nasal hamartomas that resulted in nasolabial asymmetry. This is the first report of surgical outcome following treatment of Pai syndrome and includes early and 5-year follow-up. The system of repair that we describe is applicable to both symmetric and asymmetric midline clefts.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈B:순수및응용수학
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.177-183
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• 2003

In this paper, we initiate the study of some annihilator conditions on polynomials which were used by Kaplansky [Rings of operators. W. A. Benjamin, Inc., New York, 1968] to abstract the algebra of bounded linear operators on a Hilbert spaces with Baer condition. On the other hand, p.p.-rings were introduced by Hattori [A foundation of torsion theory for modules over general rings. Nagoya Math. J. 17 (1960) 147-158] to study the torsion theory. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the near-rings with Baer condition and near-rings with p.p. condition which are somewhat different from ring case, and to extend a results of Armendariz [A note on extensions of Baer and P.P.-rings. J. Austral. Math. Soc. 18 (1974), 470-473] and Jøndrup [p.p. rings and finitely generated flat ideals. Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 28 (1971) 431-435].

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제51권4호
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• pp.1069-1074
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• 2019

A novel fabrication method of oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) steel cladding tubes for advanced fast reactors has been investigated using the cold spray powder-based materials deposition process. Cold spraying has the potential advantage for rapidly fabricating ODS cladding tubes in comparison with the conventional multi-step extrusion process. A gas atomized spherical 14YWT (Fe-14%Cr, 3%W, 0.4%Ti, 0.2% Y, 0.01%O) powder was sprayed on a rotating cylindrical 6061-T6 aluminum mandrel using nitrogen as the propellant gas. The powder lacked the oxygen content needed to precipitate the nanoclusters in ODS steel, therefore this work was intended to serve as a proof-of-concept study to demonstrate that free-standing steel cladding tubes with prototypical ODS composition could be manufactured using the cold spray process. The spray process produced an approximately 1-mm thick, dense 14YWT deposit on the aluminum-alloy tube. After surface polishing of the 14YWT deposit to obtain desired cladding thickness and surface roughness, the aluminum-alloy mandrel was dissolved in an alkaline medium to leave behind a free-standing ODS tube. The as-fabricated cladding tube was annealed at $1000^{\circ}C$ for 1 h in an argon atmosphere to improve the overall mechanical properties of the cladding.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.621-629
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• 2019

In this study we attempted to screen bacteria and fungi that generate electricity while treating wastewater using optimized double-chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC) system parameters. Optimization was carried out for five best exoelectrogenic isolates (two bacteria and three fungi) at pH values of 6.0, 7.5, 8.5, and 9.5, and temperatures of 30, 35, 40, and 45℃; the generated power densities were measured using a digital multimeter (DT9205A). The isolates were identified using molecular characterization, followed by the phylogenetic analysis of isolates with known exoelectrogenic microorganisms. The bacterium, Proteus species, N6 (KX548358.1) and fungus, Candida parapsilosis, S10 (KX548360) produced the highest power densities of 1.59 and 1.55 W/m² (at a pH of 8.5 and temperatures of 35 and 40℃) within 24 h, respectively. Other fungi-Clavispora lusitaniae, S9 (KX548359.1) at 40℃, Clavispora lusitaniae, S14 (KX548361.1) at 35℃-and bacterium-Providencia species, N4 (KX548357.1) at 40℃-produced power densities of 1.51, 1.46, and 1.44 W/m², respectively within 24 h. The MFCs achieved higher power densities at a pH of 8.5, temperature of 40℃ within 24 h. The bacterial isolates have a close evolutionary relationship with other known exoelectrogenic microorganisms. These findings helped us determine the optimal pH, temperature, evolutionary relationship, and exoelectrogenic fungal species other than bacteria that enhance MFC performance.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS Vol.1
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• pp.221-226
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• 2006

Around 2002, the United States Coast Guard (USCG) identified a need to re-capitalize their Reference Station (RS) and Integrity Monitor (IM) equipment used in the Nationwide Differential Global Position System (NDGPS). Commercially available off-the-shelf differential RS and IM equipment lacked the open architecture required to support long-term goals that include future system improvements such as use of new civil frequencies on L2 and L5 and realization of a higher rate NDGPS beacon data channel intended to support RTK. The first step in preparing for this future NDGPS was to port current RTCM SC-104 compatible RS and IM functionality onto an open architecture PC-based platform. Trimble's product Charisma is a PC-based RS and IM software designed to meet these USCG goals. In fact USCG engineers provided key designs and design insights throughout the development. We cannot overstate the contribution of the USCG engineers. Fundamental requirements for this effort were that it be sufficiently flexible in hardware and software design to support fluid growth and exploitation of new signals and technologies as they become available, yet remain backward compatible with legacy user receivers and existing site hardware and system architecture. These fundamental goals placed an implicit adaptability requirement on the design of the replacement RS and IM. Additionally, project engineers were to remain focused on sustaining the high level of differential GPS service that 1.5 million legacy users have come to depend on. This paper will present new hardware and software (i.e., Trimble's Charisma software) architecture for the next generation NDGPS RS and IM. This innovative approach to engineering on an open architecture PC-based platform allows the system to continue to fulfill legacy NDGPS system requirements and allows the USCG and others to pursue a scalable hardware re-capitalization strategy. We will use the USCG's recapitalization project to explain the essential role of the Charisma software.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.153-159
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• 2017

Purpose: Acid neutralization during chemical clearance is significantly prolonged in children with cystic fibrosis, compared to symptomatic children without cystic fibrosis. The absence of available reference values impeded identification of abnormal findings within individual patients with and without cystic fibrosis. The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that significantly more children with cystic fibrosis have acid neutralization durations during chemical clearance that fall outside the physiological range. Methods: Published reference value for acid neutralization duration during chemical clearance (determined using combined impedance/pH monitoring) was used to assess esophageal acid neutralization efficiency during chemical clearance in 16 children with cystic fibrosis (3 to < 18 years) and 16 age-matched children without cystic fibrosis. Results: Duration of acid neutralization during chemical clearance exceeded the upper end of the physiological range in 9 of 16 (56.3%) children with and in 3 of 16 (18.8%) children without cystic fibrosis (p=0.0412). The likelihood ratio for duration indicated that children with cystic fibrosis are 2.1-times more likely to have abnormal acid neutralization during chemical clearance, and children with abnormal acid neutralization during chemical clearance are 1.5-times more likely to have cystic fibrosis. Conclusion: Significantly more (but not all) children with cystic fibrosis have abnormally prolonged esophageal clearance of acid. Children with cystic fibrosis are more likely to have abnormal acid neutralization during chemical clearance. Additional studies involving larger sample sizes are needed to address the importance of genotype, esophageal motility, composition and volume of saliva, and gastric acidity on acid neutralization efficiency in cystic fibrosis children.