• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 2013

3D integration 기술 특히 W2W integration 기술은 전자산업의 디바이스 scaling 문제를 해결하고 고성능화 소형화 추세에 맞춘 가장 핵심적인 기술 방향이다. 그러나 W2W integration 기술은 현재 가격과 생산수율의 장애를 가지고 있고, 이를 해결하기 위해서 웨이퍼 매칭, 리던던시, 다이 면적 축소, 배선 층 수 축소와 같은 디자인 연구들이 진행되고 있다. W2W integration 기술이 대량생산으로 연결되기 위해서는 우선적으로 웨이퍼 본딩, 실리콘연삭, TSV 배선 공정의 최적화가 이루어져야 하겠지만, 가격을 포함한 생산수율을 높이기 위해서는 반드시 디자인 연구가 선행되어야 하겠다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.445-451
• /
• 1993

For the calculation of transonic laminar flow fields in cascades of turbomachinery, a finite volume method employing Jameson's Runge-Kutta integration scheme as a basic algorithm is presented. The cell-vertex scheme introducing half-spacing mesh cells is developed. For the velocity gradients in the stress terms the integration with divergence theorem is used for the average concept. Some numerical results show good agreement with experimental data.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.67-86
• /
• 2011

This study shows the reduction effect of freight volume by the supply chain redesign for the alliance of distributors with system dynamics simulation. The as-is model is composed of 3 independent companies which one has 3 distribution centers (DCS) and 24 agents, another has 1 dc and 9 agents, the other has 3 DCS and 15 agents each. The to-be model is an integrated logistics model and composed of 1 company having 5 areal DCS and 38 agents. Each agent in the same area is integrated with each other. Two models have same demands but very different result. As a result, the freight volume between DCS and agents is reduced by 33.55%. This case study will be useful to analyze the similar cases about the logistics integration by supply chain redesign.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한원격탐사학회 2005년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2005
• /
• pp.22-25
• /
• 2005

The 10 Year Implementation Plan for a Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS), which was endorsed at the Third Earth Observation Summit in Brussels in February, 2005, emphasizes the importance of data management facilities for diverse and large-volume Earth Observation data from inhomogeneous information sources. A three year research plan for addressing this key target of GEOSS has just approved as the first step by the Japanese government. The goals of this research are, (1) to develop a data management core system consisting of data integration and information fusion functions and interoperability and information service functions; (2) to establish data and information flows between data providers and users; (3) to promote application studies of data integration and information fusion, especially in the fields of weather forecasting, flood forecasting, agricultural management, and climate variability and changes. The research group involves leading scientists on information science and technology, who have been developing giant data archive servers, storage area networks, metadata models, ontology for the earth observations. They are closely cooperating with scientists on earth sciences, water resources management, and agriculture, and establishing an effective collaborative research framework.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.706-712
• /
• 2012

In previous work, novel maskless bumping and no-flow underfill technologies for three-dimensional (3D) integrated circuit (IC) integration were developed. The bumping material, solder bump maker (SBM) composed of resin and solder powder, is designed to form low-volume solder bumps on a through silicon via (TSV) chip for the 3D IC integration through the conventional reflow process. To obtain the optimized volume of solder bumps using the SBM, the effect of the volumetric mixing ratio of resin and solder powder is studied in this paper. A no-flow underfill material named "fluxing underfill" is proposed for a simplified stacking process for the 3D IC integration. It can remove the oxide layer on solder bumps like flux and play a role of an underfill after the stacking process. The bumping process and the stacking process using the SBM and the fluxing underfill, respectively, for the TSV chips are carefully designed so that two-tier stacked TSV chips are sucessfully stacked.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제40회 동계학술대회 초록집
• /
• pp.132-132
• /
• 2011

For the programming volume of PRAM, Ge2Sb2Te5(GST) thin films have been dominantly used and prepared by physical vapor deposition (PVD), chemical vapor deposition (CVD), atomic layer deposition (ALD). Among these methods, ALD is particularly considered as the most promising technique for the integration of PRAM because the ALD offers a superior conformality to PVD and CVD methods and a digital thickness control precisely to the atomic level since the film is deposited one atomic layer at a time. Meanwhile, although the IST has been already known as an optical data storage material, recently, it is known that the IST benefits multistate switching behavior, meaning that the IST-PRAM can be used for mutli-level coding, which is quite different and unique performance compared with the GST-PRAM. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate a possibility of the IST materials for the application of PRAM. So far there are many attempts to deposit the IST with MOCVD and PVD. However, it has not been reported that the IST can be deposited with the ALD method since the ALD reaction mechanism of metal organic precursors and the deposition parameters related with the ALD window are rarely known. Therefore, the main aim of this work is to demonstrate the ALD process for IST films with various precursors and the conformal filling of a nano size programming volume structure with the ALD?IST film for the integration. InSbTe (IST) thin films were deposited by ALD method with different precursors and deposition parameters and demonstrated conformal filling of the nano size programmable volume of cell structure for the integration of phase change random access memory (PRAM). The deposition rate and incubation time are 1.98 A/cycle and 25 cycle, respectively. The complete filling of nano size volume will be useful to fabricate the bottom contact type PRAM.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
• /
• 제14권2호
• /
• pp.1-13
• /
• 2015

교통량자료는 매우 다양한 분야에서 사용되는 기초자료이다. 교통량자료는 도로교통량조사를 통하여 수집되며, 도로교통량조사 중 기계식 장비를 사용하여 365일 24시간 지속적으로 수집되는 자료를 상시교통량자료라고 한다. 상시교통량자료는 장비의 오작동 및 여러 원인으로 교통량자료누락이 발생하는 경우가 있다. 누락된 교통량자료는 여러 누락보정방법을 적용하여 보정을 수행하고 있다. 하지만, 기존의 누락보정방법론들은 기상에 대한 영향을 전혀 고려하지 않은 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 기상 중 강우의 영향을 고려한 누락교통량자료 보정방법에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 이를 위해 우선 일반국도에서 수집한 교통량자료와 기상청의 기상자료의 매칭을 수행하였으며, 이후 일반국도의 특성별로 군집분석 수행 및 분석대상지점 선정을 진행하였다. 세 가지 보정 기법들(평균대체법/자기회귀모형/EM 기법)을 사용하여 전체 자료에서 누락보정을 수행하는 것과 강우일의 자료만을 가지고 누락보정을 수행하여 보정값의 정확도를 평가하였다. 분석 결과 모든 보정방법 및 분석지점에서 과거 강우일의 교통량자료만을 가지고 보정한 경우가 더 정확한 보정값을 산출하는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국항해항만학회지
• /
• 제30권5호
• /
• pp.389-396
• /
• 2006

최근의 항만 환경에서는 분리된 선석의 통합이 활발히 진행되고 있으며, 통합의 필요성도 높아지고 있다. 그러므로, 기존의 게이트들의 활용이 컨테이너터미널에서의 차량의 체재시간 감소와 차량 통행량 분산 측면에서 검토되어야 한다. 본 연구는 통합게이트와 분리게이트의 운영효과를 분석하였다. 본 연구는 두개의 개별 선석 통합시 게이트 운영의 효율성이 높은 분리게이트시스템을 제안한다.

• 무역학회지
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.75-86
• /
• 2019

This study performs a factor analysis that affects the bunker oil price using the Co-integration model and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). For this purpose, we use data from Clarkson and the analysis results show 17.6% decrease in bunker oil price when the amount of crude oil production increases at 1.0%, 10.3% increase in bunker oil price when the seaborne trade volume increases at 1.0%, 1.0% decrease in bunker oil price when total volume of vessels increases at 1.0%, and 0.003% increase in bunker oil price when 1.0% increase in world GDP, respectively. This study is meaningful in that this study estimates the speed of convergence to long-term equilibrium and identifies the price adjust mechanism which naturally exists in bunker oil market. And it is expected that the future study can provide statistically more meaningful econometric results if it can obtain data during more long-periods and use more various kinds of explanatory variables.

• 한국항만학회지
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.167-174
• /
• 1999

Numerical analysis of two-fluid flows for both water and air is carried out. Free-Surface flows with an arbitrary deformation have been simulated around two dimensional submerged hydrofoil. The computation is performed using a finite volume method with unstructured meshes and an interface capturing scheme to determine the shape of the free surface. The method uses control volumes with an arbitrary number of faces and allows cell-wise local mesh refinement. the integration in space is of second order based on midpoint rule integration and linear interpolation. The method is fully implicit and uses quadratic interpolation in time through three time levels The linear equation systems are solved by conjugate gradient type solvers and the non-linearity of equations is accounted for through picard iterations. The solution method is of pressure-correction type and solves sequentially the linearized momentum equations the continuity equation the conservation equation of one species and the equations or two turbulence quantities.