• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.67-84
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• 2001

This study was conducted to examine beauty shop workers' views of job. Data were collected from the workers in Seoul, Daegu, Pohang, Junjoo, and Kimhae from June 1, 2000 to August 31, 2000. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1. According to general characteristics of the subjects, 28,7% of them was female; 94.2% 'specialized in hair'; 46.4% 'below twenty nine years old'; 47.1% 'married'; 59.7% 'highschool graduate'; 33.9% 'worked for below three years'; 28.5% 'monthly income of five hundred thousand to nine hundred ninety thousand won'; 62.3% 'working for above twelve hours a day' ; 41.0% 'above five workers' ; 40.6% 'working in city'. 2. 54.8% of the respondents thought that they were in good health. 76.3% of them smoked and 54.8% drank. 62.8% of them did not exercise and 78.7% was under stress. 61.5% responded that they chose the job because of its possibility of professional vocation. 91.0% of them obtained the beauty skill from beauty schools. 3. Among the factors which influenced job satisfaction, 'stable job and life security' was highest(43.9%), while 'interest in the job and amount of pay' was lowest(3.2%). 'Personal ability and use of originality' was 19.4% and 'harmonious relationship with fellow workers' was 18.1%. 'Job environment' was 7.1% and 'harmonious relationship with higher workers' was 4.5%. 4. The level workers' view of job was $113.8{\pm}17.3$ points on the basis of 150 points. On the basis of 75 points, each item showed it points in order of self-development($22.3{\pm}3.8$), service for customers($20.1{\pm}3.1$), vocational mission($15.6{\pm}3.1$), harmony with the others($18.9{\pm}3.5$), working environment($18.6{\pm}3.6$), and working condition($14.3{\pm}5.1$). 5. Among the reasons why they considered leaving the job, 24.0% of them considered it because they could not free time, while 15.4% considered it because undesirable living environment or long distance from home. 15.0% thought it because they could not receive proper treatment as much as they worked and 12.8% thought they overworked. 6. When they move into new working places, they consider such factors as good working environment(24.1%), good place to open their own beauty shops(16.7%), good beauty shop to learn beauty skill(15.6%), chance to have job training(9.5%), and close place from home(9.0%). 7. 40.6% of the respondents wanted to leave the job, while 32.3% of them did not want to leave the job. The intention of leaving the displayed significant difference in the variables of age, working period, monthly income, marital status, the number of workers, location of the shop, rank, and reason of selecting the job. 8. According to the results of a regression analysis of factors which influenced job satisfaction, it was affected significantly by intention of leaving job, the number of workers, health condition, level of stress, and monthly income. The beauty shop workers showed low satisfaction level with working environment, working condition, and working mission, They considered leaving the job because of lack of free time, overwork, poor working environment, improper treatment, etc. Therefore, related professionals and organizations must device adequate measures in order to make them work with pride as creators of beauty.

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.29-39
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• 2019

Purposes: The purpose of this study was to investigate the satisfaction of each activity in the high school students (568 students) after school career education (Career and vocation, Curriculum-related career education, Special lecture related to career, Entrance exam session, Career psychology test, Internet lecture), and then to analyze the career decision-making self-efficacy of the items Goal selection, Job information, Problem solving and Future plan by high, middle, and low group. Methods: Questionnaires administered to subjects after career education counseling education. Results: Career decision - making self - efficacy was significantly higher in the high group than in the middle and low groups in the goal selection, job information, problem-solving and future planning by the educational satisfaction on career and vocation, curriculum-related lectures, entrance examination session (p<.001). The level of satisfaction of special career lectures was in the order of low group> high group> middle group in career decision self - efficacy, and the values of high and low groups were significantly higher than those of the middle group. The effect of satisfaction on career decision self - efficiency in Career psychological examination education was in the order of top> middle> low groups in goal choice and job information, and the high group values were significantly higher than the middle and low groups. In the problem solving and future planning, there was a difference between high, middle, and low group values, but there was no significant difference. The effect of the satisfaction of the internet course on the career decision self - efficacy was not significant, but there was a difference between the high, middle, and low groups. Satisfaction with the internet course was low and did not affect the decision - making self - efficacy significantly. Conclusion: The higher the satisfaction of career education, the higher self - determination efficacy of goal selection, job information, problem solving and future plan. This study suggests the direction of career education.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.227-251
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• 2015

Purpose - The purpose of the paper is to show that the Effects of graduate wages on support program of UIC is the main topic, due to point of view of the need for change from school-level to student-level. UIC support program is divided into four areas: infra, education, Commercialization, start-up. Design/Methodology - Data were collected three survey from a University UIC Survey(2012) and Self-diagnostic research(2012), and Employment Training Panel(2012). UIC support program is divided into four areas, and graduate wages is researched Average monthly wage, bonuses, additional duty allowance. Statistical methods is used basic statistics, crosstabs, regression analysis Findings -There is was much higher effects in total wages of three variable, first on much Intellectual Property Registration(IP) in university teachers, second university students have founded a private space for start-up, and third much national certification staff from the university. Implications - The issue is that UIC education can not be greater practical effect on the wages of graduates yet. Actively support and quality training support from the government in the UIC program is expected to be followed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.439-455
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• 2018

This study was designed to analyze the behavior characteristics of people, who have the same or similar Investigative (I) and Enterprising (E) Holland code scores, toward their career commitment. The calculus of the two codes is .16, which means that they are inconsistent and full of oppositions. Especially, the focus of the analysis is whether there are any differences in career commitment between people who have similarly high or low scores of their I and E codes and, if there are differences, what are their characteristics The analysis shows that the participants with high scores of their I and E codes have strong career commitment. They are highly goal oriented and motivated and with a long future time perspective they seek for progress in their careers. Due to their high career expectations and career resilience, they are willing to invest in their careers and put up with a certain level of sacrifice. They place the emphasis on their independence and are not very influenced by the surrounding environment. While the participants with low scores of their I and E codes also perceive the importance of their career commitment, they are very much affected by people and external stimuli. As a result, their efforts in terms of their career commitment are easily disturbed and lowered. The critical factor causing the difference between these two types of people is related to the score of their Social(S) code. This research has the potential to provide improvement points for career counselling.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.468-478
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• 2018

The goal of this study is to propose a new directivity for business training based on an analysis of the learner's satisfaction, the cause of the learning effect and the cause of reenrollment in smart learning courses. The data from 878 learners of 11 companies was analyzed by ANOVA and multiple regression analysis and the following results were obtained. First of all, the satisfaction of studying by smart learning showed various results depending on the motivation, process and contents of studying. According to the results, high rates of satisfaction were observed when the people take an active part in studying, as reflected in the frequency and time of studying. Also, when the learning contents were presented in an animated manner, the satisfaction of the students was increased. Second, the motivation of the students to participate in the smart learning and study process was reflected in the frequency, time and quality of their studies, thus confirming the learning effect. Lastly, the satisfaction and effectiveness of studying by smart learning are the causes of reenrollment. Based on the analysis results, it was concluded that the corporation's support and proper compensation are needed to increase the rate of satisfaction and the effectiveness of smart learning from the corporation's perspective. Also, from the viewpoint of the smart learning system operators, it is necessary to find ways of developing the learning contents.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.83-91
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• 2018

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to explore the introduction and activation of smart training for the effective training of vocational ability development of companies in the 4th industrial revolution era, we analyze the present status of smart training introduction and related difficulties and propose concrete activation plan. Research design, data, and methodology - Through the online survey, we tried to confirm the recognition of corporate about smart training. Questionnaires include what are the benefits, expectations, and difficulties of smart training, etc. The survey was conducted from August 21, 2017 to September 4, 2017. A total of 69 companies participated in the questionnaire. The questionnaire results were analyzed through frequency analysis and contents analysis. Based on the results of the questionnaire, we found out the cause of inhibition of smart training activation and suggested activation strategies. Results - The main reason for the provision of smart training is the expectation of the training performance and the recognition that it is possible to provide training in a flexible manner. The effectiveness of smart training operation was evaluated as a high level of contribution to the development of creative training course and the capacity of training institute. As a result of checking factors that hinders the activation of smart training, the most important reason is that the time and cost burden of the training institutes is excessive. The lack of expertise in the design of smart training courses and the burden of employers and trainees. Conclusions - In order to activate smart training, it is necessary to find solutions to the obstacles at the internal or external level of training institutions. The internal barriers to the training organization are lack of internal competence for preparation and course management. In this regard, we need to consider providing consulting, best practices or guidance in the process of designing and operating smart training. On the other hand, as an external obstacle factor, it is necessary to provide incentives to participate in smart training. In addition, further research is needed on strategies that can lead to participation in smart training from the viewpoint of employers and learners.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.11
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• pp.1532-1539
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• 2012

The ${\alpha}$-galactosidase-coding gene agaAJB13 was cloned from Sphingomonas sp. JB13 showing 16S rDNA (1,343 bp) identities of ${\leq}97.2%$ with other identified Sphingomonas strains. agaAJB13 (2,217 bp; 64.9% GC content) encodes a 738-residue polypeptide (AgaAJB13) with a calculated mass of 82.3 kDa. AgaAJB13 showed the highest identity of 61.4% with the putative glycosyl hydrolase family 36 ${\alpha}$-galactosidase from Granulicella mallensis MP5ACTX8 (EFI56085). AgaAJB13 also showed <37% identities with reported protease-resistant or Sphingomonas ${\alpha}$-galactosidases. A sequence analysis revealed different catalytic motifs between reported Sphingomonas ${\alpha}$-galactosidases (KXD and RXXXD) and AgaAJB13 (KWD and SDXXDXXXR). Recombinant AgaAJB13 (rAgaAJB13) was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The purified rAgaAJB13 was characterized using p-nitrophenyl-${\alpha}$-D-galactopyranoside as the substrate and showed an apparent optimum at pH 5.0 and $60^{\circ}C$ and strong resistance to trypsin and proteinase K digestion. Compared with reported proteaseresistant ${\alpha}$-galactosidases showing thermolability at $50^{\circ}C$ or $60^{\circ}C$ and specific activities of <71 U/mg with or without protease treatments, rAgaAJB13 exhibited a better thermal stability (half-life of >60 min at $60^{\circ}C$) and higher specific activities (225.0-256.5 U/mg). These sequence and enzymatic properties suggest AgaAJB13 is the first identified and characterized Sphingomonas ${\alpha}$-galactosidase, and shows novel protease resistance with a potential value for basic research and industrial applications.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.282-289
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• 2020

Purpose: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the accuracy of three different intraoral scanners (IOSs) on digital impressions of different types of endocrown cavity preparations. Materials and methods: Two human mandibular molar teeth were prepared with different endocrown abutment designs: one with a buccal wall (Class 2) and the other without a buccal wall (Class 3). Both cavity designs were scanned using a reference desktop scanner (E3) and three different intraoral scanners: Trios3 (TRI group), Cerec Omnicam (CER group), and i500 (I5 group). The obtained Standard Tessellation Language (.stl) datasets were exported to metrology software. The precision was evaluated based on deviations among repeated scan models recorded by each IOS. The trueness was evaluated based on deviations between the reference data and repeated scans. For detecting interaction, data were statistically analyzed using a univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) and for analyzing the comparison of the test groups data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey test at the significance level of .05. Results: The deviation values for both cavity designs in the I5 group were significantly lower than those in the other IOS groups in terms of trueness. For both cavity designs, the TRI group exhibited better precision than the other IOS groups. Conclusion: Different technologies of IOS device's and different endocrown prepration designs affected the accuracy of the digital scans.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.81-111
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• 2014

Despite recent attention to entrepreneurial gift, there has been minimal empirical research regarding characteristics of individual entrepreneurial gift. The aim of this study is to specify and conceptualize characteristics of entrepreneurial gift from systematic empirical investigation. We operationalized the entrepreneurial gift as students participating in 'intellectual property based future creative entrepreneurs' administered by Korean patent office, and compared characteristics of the entrepreneurial gift with those of the gifted students in invention. A total 226 middle and high school students selected as the gifted students in invention, intention scholars, or future creative entrepreneurs by Korean patent office participated in this survey. The survey was designed to measure major adolescent areas such as psychological, intellectual, educational, vocational areas, life purpose and its perception area, innovation-related area, invention-related area, and personal and environmental information. The result showed that entrepreneurial gift has higher score in entrepreneurial potential, in addition to the characteristics that the talented students in invention has. Entrepreneurial gift has similar characteristics in the area of invention-related and environmental conditions, while they showed higher ability in terms of invention-related area and intellectual area. Implications, limitation, and future research direction were discussed.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.15
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• pp.6363-6367
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted to assess the preventive effect of Actinidia valvata Dunn (AVD) extract on an animal model of gastrointestinal carcinogenesis on the basis of changes in tumor incidence, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Materials and Methods: Seventy-five male Wistar rats were divided into five different treatment groups with 15 rats in each group. Group I was given normal feed, whereas Groups II to IV were treated with 10% sodium chloride in the first six weeks and 100ug/mL of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) in drinking water for 24 weeks. Group II was then given normal feed, whereas Group III was given AVD extract (0.24g/kg/day) for 12 weeks. Group IV was given AVD extract from the first week to the 36th week, whereas Group V was treated with AVD extract alone for 36 weeks. All rats were sacrificed at the end of the 36-week experiment and assessed for the presence of gastrointestinal tumors. The occurrence of cancer was evaluated by histology. Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, and cyclinD1 were determined by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting. Results: The incidences of gastric cancer were 0% in Group I, 73.3% in Group II, 33.3% in Group III, 26.7% in Group IV, and 0% in Group V. Bcl-2 and cyclinD1 expression was decreased in AVD extract treated groups, whereas Bax and Caspase-3 expression was increased. Comparison with group II revealed significant differences (p<0.01). Conclusions: AVD extract exhibits an obvious preventive effect on gastrointestinal carcinogenesis induced by MNNG in rats through the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis.