• The Mathematical Education
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.407-434
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to develop and verify the TPACK measurement tool for middle and high school mathematics teachers in the Korean context. Also, by clarifying the relationship between subordinate factors of Mathematics teachers' TPACK, an attempt was made to provide suggestions on the designs and directions for the in-service and pre-service teacher education and the programs for improving mathematics teachers' TPACK in the future. In order to achieve this goal, TPACK factors of mathematics teachers were extracted by reviewing literature on PCK, MKT, and TPACK. Then, content validity, basic statistical survey, reliability verification, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation model verification were conducted sequentially. At first, preliminary analysis was carried out on 79 mathematics teachers, and 76 items excluding the items with extreme value and reliability were included in the basic statistical analysis. And secondly, an exploratory factor analysis was conducted on 376 mathematics teachers, and this instrument consisted of 7 subordinate factors(CK, PK, TK, PCK, TCK, TPK, TPACK) and 61 items. Also by conducting confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation model test with 254 mathematics teachers, the measurement tool was confirmed the validity and reliability through statistically significant analysis. Then, the importance of integrated knowledge was confirmed by looking at the relationship between the TPACK factors of in-service mathematics teachers. The integrated knowledge(PCK, TCK, TPK) has played a crucial role in the formation of TPACK rather than the knowledge of CK, PK, and TK alone. Finally, the validity of TCK was confirmed through the structural equation modeling of TPACK. TCK not only directly affected TPACK, but also indirectly through TPK. According to these affirmative results, this measurement tool is claimed to be suitable for measuring the factors of Mathematics teachers' TPACK, and also the structural equation model can be regarded as a suitable model for analyzing the structural relationship of mathematics teachers' TPACK.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.51-66
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• 2023

In this paper, we propose a new type of process discovery framework, which is named as control-path-driven process group discovery framework, to be used for process mining and process reengineering in supporting life-cycle management of business process models. In addition, we develop a process mining system based on the proposed framework and perform experimental verification through it. The process execution event logs applied to the experimental effectiveness and verification are specially defined as Process BIG-Logs, and we use it as the input datasets for the proposed discovery framework. As an eventual goal of this paper, we design and implement a control path-driven process group discovery algorithm and framework that is improved from the ρ-algorithm, and we try to verify the functional correctness of the proposed algorithm and framework by using the implemented system with a BIG-Log dataset. Note that all the process mining algorithm, framework, and system developed in this paper are based on the structural information control net process modeling methodology.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.64 no.1
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• pp.13-22
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• 2021

Objective : High precision and accuracy are expected in gamma knife radiosurgery treatment. Because of the requirement of clinically applying complex radiation and dose gradients together with a rapid radiation decline, a dedicated quality assurance program is required to maintain the radiation dosimetry and geometric accuracy and to reduce all associated risk factors. This study investigates the validity of Leksell Gamma plan (LGP)10.1.1 system of 5th generation Gamma Knife Perfexion as modified variable ellipsoid modeling technique (VEMT) method. Methods : To verify LGP10.1.1 system, we compare the treatment plan program system of the Gamma Knife Perfexion, that is, the LGP, with the calculated value of the proposed modified VEMT program. To verify a modified VEMT method, we compare the distributions of the dose of Gamma Knife Perfexion measured by Gafchromic EBT3 and EBT-XD films. For verification, the center of an 80 mm radius solid water phantom is placed in the center of all sectors positioned at 16 mm, 4 mm and 8 mm; that is, the dose distribution is similar to the method used in the x, y, and z directions by the VEMT. The dose distribution in the axial direction is compared and analyzed based on Full-Width-of-Half-Maximum (FWHM) evaluation. Results : The dose profile distribution was evaluated by FWHM, and it showed an average difference of 0.104 mm for the LGP value and 0.130 mm for the EBT-XD film. Conclusion : The modified VEMT yielded consistent results in the two processes. The use of the modified VEMT as a verification tool can enable the system to stably test and operate the Gamma Knife Perfexion treatment planning system.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.41 no.6
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• pp.488-494
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• 2013

The control law design and analysis environment of the FBW helicopter system have been developed using model base design method. The model based design is generally used in a aircraft, unmanned aerial system and automobile as well as rotorcraft development. The model based design provides many advantages such as development risk and schedule reduction using simulation and autocode generation. This paper describes a development of process for verification and validation of auto generated code for FBW helicopter flight control law. And this process is applied for Fly-By-Wire Helicopter Development Project. The results of functional test for auto generated code meet several specific requirements.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.42 no.11
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• pp.973-988
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• 2009

The objective of this study is to develop an accurate and robust two-dimensional finite element method to simulate drying and wetting in complex natural rivers. The Dry/Wet algorithm developed in this study is Grid Reconstruction Method which requires the definition of new meshes and renumbering of the nodes. Any drop of water level in the two-dimensional domain results in eliminating nodes and elements. Several numerical simulations were carried out to examine the performance of the Grid Reconstruction Method for the purpose of validation and verification of the model. The accuracy and application of the developed model are verified by comparing simulated results with observed values.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.63 no.9
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• pp.1212-1218
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• 2014

For OBC (On-Board Charger) and LDC (Low DC-DC Converter) used as essential power conversion systems of PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle), system performance is required as well as reliability, which is need to protect the vehicle and driver from various faults. While current development processor is sufficient for embodying functions and verifying performance in normal state during development of prototypes for OBC and LDC, there is no clear method of verification for various fault situations that occur in abnormal state and for securing stability of vehicle base, unless verification is performed by mounting on an actual vehicle. In this paper, a CCM (Charger Converter Module) was developed as an integrated structure of OBC and LDC. In addition, diverse fault situations that can occur in vehicles are simulated by a simulator to artificially inject into power conversion system and to test whether it operates properly. Also, HILS (Hardware-in-the-Loop Simulation) is carried out to verify whether LDC is operated properly under power environment of an actual vehicle.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.511-523
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• 2023

Research on the integration of unmanned aerial vehicles and deep learning for reinforced concrete damage detection is actively underway. Convolutional neural networks have a high impact on the performance of image classification, detection, and segmentation as backbones. The MobileNet, a pre-trained convolutional neural network, is efficient as a backbone for an unmanned aerial vehicle-based damage detection model because it can achieve sufficient accuracy with low computational complexity. Analyzing vanilla convolutional neural networks and MobileNet under various conditions, MobileNet was evaluated to have a verification accuracy 6.0~9.0% higher than vanilla convolutional neural networks with 15.9~22.9% lower computational complexity. MobileNetV2, MobileNetV3Large and MobileNetV3Small showed almost identical maximum verification accuracy, and the optimal conditions for MobileNet's reinforced concrete damage image feature extraction were analyzed to be the optimizer RMSprop, no dropout, and average pooling. The maximum validation accuracy of 75.49% for 7 types of damage detection based on MobilenetV2 derived in this study can be improved by image accumulation and continuous learning.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.121-126
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• 2015

Korea Youth Panel (2008) has 2 panels of the 5th year of Knowledge data to perform statistical analysis and regression analysis, the risk factors in the risk conditions of the family of functional deficits, protective factors, the relationship between the mediating effect of psychological adaptation and protective factors verification mechanisms and the psychological adaptation level it is an objective to analyze the protective factors that protect the high youth. To investigate the differences by frequency analysis and personal characteristics of the analyte's was performed t test using PASW (Predictive Analytics Software) 18.0. And to verify the effect of the parameters is performed rank regression analysis for verification of the effects of protection factors for adaptation. Rather than focusing on youth risk factors in social welfare practice field, focusing on processes and protective factors to reduce the risk factors, it is possible to convert the viewpoint overlooking the youth exposed to risk factors. Also, for young people experiencing difficulties that features loss of the family, it is determined that the prepared foundation which can be provided in the direction of social welfare practical intervention.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.359-366
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• 2020

In this study, a simulation-based damage estimation method for helidecks is proposed using an artificial neural network. The structural members that share a connecting node in the helideck are regarded as a damage group, and a total of 37,400 damage scenarios are numerically generated by applying randomly assigned damage to up to three damage groups. Modal analysis is then performed for all the damage scenarios, which are selectively used as either training or validation or verification sets based on the purpose of use. An artificial neural network with three hidden layers is constructed using a PyTorch program to recognize the patterns of the modal responses of the helideck model under both damaged and undamaged states, and the network is successively trained to minimize the loss function. Finally, the estimated damage rate from the proposed artificial neural network is compared to the actual assigned damage rate using 400 verification scenarios to show that the neural network is able to estimate the location and amount of structural damage precisely.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.659-664
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• 2022

Putrescine generated by the action of microorganisms in the decay generally used as a measure of freshment in food. However, the analytical method of putrescine in freeze-dried royal jelly has not yet been established. In the present study, the UPLC method for putrescine in lyophilized royal jelly was established using C18 column. The newly established method was able to analyze putrescine accurately within 7 minutes and was validated by analytical parameters such as specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection, and limit of quantification. These results provide for the analytical method to evaluate the level of freshment in freeze-dried royal jelly, which will useful in further studies of safety verification.